Alterações biométricas e nutricionais de genótipos de Coffea canephora ‘Conilon BRS Ouro Preto’ submetidos a disponibilidades hídricas
Data
2017-02-21
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Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
O incorreto suprimento da demanda hídrica afeta o metabolismo do cafeeiro Conilon. No entanto, genótipos de uma mesma variedade podem apresentar respostas diferenciadas perante situações de estresse, sendo susceptível ou tolerante. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a biometria e nutrição de genótipos de café da variedade ‘Conilon – BRS Ouro Preto’ sob diferentes disponibilidades hídricas. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação na área experimental da Embrapa Rondônia (CPAFRO), localizada no município de Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO. Foi conduzido em um esquema fatorial 15x2, constituído pela combinação de 15 genótipos da variedade Conilon BRS Ouro Preto com duas disponibilidades hídricas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Quanto ao fator disponibilidade hídrica, foi adotado o nível de 100% de água disponível (AD 100% ) no solo para o tratamento controle, e para déficit hídrico a umidade referente a 25% de água disponível no solo (AD 25% ). Aos 150 dias após a implementação dos regimes hídricos foram avaliados número de folhas (NF), comprimento do ramo ortotrópico (CRO), área foliar (AF), diâmetro do caule (DC), volume de raiz (VR), massa seca de folhas (MSF), massa seca do ramo ortotrópico (MSRO), massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), massa seca do sistema radicular (MSSR), razão entre massa seca de raiz e parte aérea (RMRPA), massa seca total (MST), concentração de nitrogênio (N), fósforo (P), potássio (K), Cálcio (Ca), magnésio (Mg) e enxofre (S) e eficiência de uso da água (EUA). A menor disponibilidade hídrica afetou negativamente a maioria das características avaliadas na cultivar, indicando menor crescimento e acúmulo de matéria seca. A disponibilidade hídrica no tratamento AD 25% , embora tenha reduzido os teores foliares de N, K, Ca, Mg e S em relação ao AD 100% , estes se mantiveram na faixa de concentração adequada para a cultura. Com relação à eficiência de uso da água observou-se que esta foi maior em cafeeiros cultivados com menor disponibilidade hídrica. No que diz respeito aos diferentes genótipos, observou-se que estes apresentaram diversos comportamentos frente às situações estudadas, formando grupos com genótipos de comportamento semelhante para cada uma das características avaliadas, o que é reflexo da diferença genética existente entre os materiais que compõem a variedade.
The incorrect supply of water demand affects the metabolism of Conilon coffee. However, genotypes of the same variety may present differential responses to stress situations, being susceptible or tolerant. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the biometry and nutrition of coffee genotypes of the 'Conilon - BRS Ouro Preto' variety under different water availability. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the experimental area of Embrapa Rondônia (CPAFRO), located in the city of Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO. The experimental was conducted in a 15x2 factorial scheme, consisting of the combination of 15 genotypes of the Conilon BRS Ouro Preto variety with two water availability. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. Regarding the water availability factor, 100% of available water (AD100%) was used in the soil for the control treatment, and for the water deficit, 25% of available water (AD25%) in the soil. At 150 days after the implementation of the water regimes were evaluated number of leaves (NF), length of the orthotropic branch (CRO), leaf area (AF), stem diameter (DC), root volume (VR), dry mass of leaves (MSF), dry mass of the orthotropic branch (MSRO), dry mass of the aerial part (MSPA), dry mass of the root system (MSSR), ratio between dry mass of root and aerial part (RMRPA), total dry mass (MST), concentration of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S) and water use efficiency (EUA). The lower water availability negatively affected most of the characteristics evaluated in the cultivar, indicating lower growth and accumulation of dry matter. Water availability in the AD 25% treatment, although it reduced leaf contents of N, K, Ca, Mg and S in relation to AD100%, these remain in the range of concentration suitable for the crop. Regarding the water use efficiency, it was observed that this was higher in cultivated coffee trees with less water availability. Regarding the different genotypes, it was observed that these presented different behaviors in relation to the studied situations, forming groups with genotypes ofsimilar behavior for each of the characteristics evaluated, which is a reflection of the genetic difference existing between the materials that make up the variety.
The incorrect supply of water demand affects the metabolism of Conilon coffee. However, genotypes of the same variety may present differential responses to stress situations, being susceptible or tolerant. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the biometry and nutrition of coffee genotypes of the 'Conilon - BRS Ouro Preto' variety under different water availability. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the experimental area of Embrapa Rondônia (CPAFRO), located in the city of Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO. The experimental was conducted in a 15x2 factorial scheme, consisting of the combination of 15 genotypes of the Conilon BRS Ouro Preto variety with two water availability. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. Regarding the water availability factor, 100% of available water (AD100%) was used in the soil for the control treatment, and for the water deficit, 25% of available water (AD25%) in the soil. At 150 days after the implementation of the water regimes were evaluated number of leaves (NF), length of the orthotropic branch (CRO), leaf area (AF), stem diameter (DC), root volume (VR), dry mass of leaves (MSF), dry mass of the orthotropic branch (MSRO), dry mass of the aerial part (MSPA), dry mass of the root system (MSSR), ratio between dry mass of root and aerial part (RMRPA), total dry mass (MST), concentration of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sulfur (S) and water use efficiency (EUA). The lower water availability negatively affected most of the characteristics evaluated in the cultivar, indicating lower growth and accumulation of dry matter. Water availability in the AD 25% treatment, although it reduced leaf contents of N, K, Ca, Mg and S in relation to AD100%, these remain in the range of concentration suitable for the crop. Regarding the water use efficiency, it was observed that this was higher in cultivated coffee trees with less water availability. Regarding the different genotypes, it was observed that these presented different behaviors in relation to the studied situations, forming groups with genotypes ofsimilar behavior for each of the characteristics evaluated, which is a reflection of the genetic difference existing between the materials that make up the variety.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.
Palavras-chave
Secas, Estresse hídrico, Eficiência do uso da água, Irrigação, Déficit hídrico
Citação
REINICKE, L. C. T. S. Alterações biométricas e nutricionais de genótipos de Coffea canephora ‘Conilon BRS Ouro Preto’ submetidos a disponibilidades hídricas. 2017. 38 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Produção Vegetal) - Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre. 2017.