Fungicidas e efeitos fisiológicos na cultura do café Conilon
Data
2017-02
Autores
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Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
O Estado do Espírito Santo é destaque nacional na produção de café conilon, sendo a atividade de grande importância em termos econômicos e sociais. Dentre os principais problemas enfrentados pelos cafeicultores destacam-se as doenças, como a ferrugem do cafeeiro, responsável por perdas expressivas na produtividade. Associado às outras estratégias de controle, os fungicidas, são utilizados para reduzir as doenças fúngicas a níveis que não interfiram na qualidade e quantidade da produção agrícola. Alguns fungicidas também interferem na fisiologia das plantas. Os fungicidas que apresentam efeitos fisiológicos podem trazer benefícios para a cafeicultura por apresentarem esta dupla ação. Entretanto, estes efeitos fisiológicos ainda são poucos esclarecidos para a cultura do café conilon. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se avaliar o controle da ferrugem do cafeeiro conilon e os efeitos fisiológicos na cultura decorrentes da aplicação isolada e em mistura com outros princípios ativos de epoxiconazol e piraclostrobina. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições (duas aplicações de piraclostrobina e epoxiconazol + boscalida e duas aplicações de piraclostrobina e epoxiconazol - T1; três aplicações de piraclostrobina e epoxiconazol - T2; piraclostrobina, epoxiconazol e fluxapiroxade - T3; epoxiconazol - T4 e piraclostrobina - T5 e, sem aplicação de fungicida - T6). Foram realizadas avaliações do progresso da ferrugem do cafeeiro; do crescimento de ramos, número de nós por ramo e comprimento dos internódios; índice relativo de clorofila; número médio de rosetas com frutos, de frutos por ramo e de frutos por roseta; uniformidade de maturação dos frutos; porcentagem de frutos chochos, peso dos frutos e produtividade. Como não foi observada a ocorrência da doença no campo, decorrente das condições climáticas desfavoráveis, as diferenças observadas, em algumas avaliações, foram inerentes ao efeito dos produtos na fisiologia do cafeeiro conilon. Com base nos resultados obtidos no trabalho, concluiu-se que a aplicação com epoxiconazol proporcionou menor crescimento acumulado e número de nós por ramo plagiotrópico e menor número de rosetas com frutos. Os tratamentos com piraclostrobina influenciaram positivamente os índices relativo de clorofila e proporcionaram valores inferiores da relação clorofila a/b. Não houve efeito dos produtos na cultura do café conilon nas demais variáveis monitoradas.
The State of Espirito Santo is featured in national coffee conilon production, being the activity of great importance in economic and social terms. Among the main problems faced by coffee producers include diseases, as rust of coffee, responsable for expressive losses in productivity. Associated with the other control strategies, the fungicides, are used to reduce fungal diseases to levels that do not interfere with the quality and quantity of agricultural production. Some fungicides also interfere with plant physiology.The fungicides that have physiological effects can bring benefits to the coffee crop because they present this double action However, these effects are still for a few clarified for conilon coffee crop. Before the exposed, the objective were to evaluate the control of conilon coffee rust and the physiological effects on the culture resulting from the isolated application and in combination with other active principles of epoxiconazole and pyraclostrobin. The experiment was design in radom blocks with six treatments and four replicates (two applications of pyraclostrobin and epoxiconazole + boscalid and two applications of pyraclostrobin and epoxiconazole - T1; three applications of pyraclostrobin and epoxiconazole – T2; pyraclostrobin, epoxiconazole and fluxapyroxad - T3; epoxiconazole - T4 and pyraclostrobin - T5 and, without application of fungicide - T6) and four replicates. Evaluations of rust progress were carried out; growth of branches, number of nodes per branch and length of internodes; relative index of chlorophyll; average number of rosettes with fruits, fruits per branch and fruits per rosette and productivity. The differences observed in some treatmentes were inherent to the effect of the products on the physiology of conilon coffee, since the disease was naturally controlled. As the occurrence of the disease in the field was not observed, due to unfavorable climatic conditions, the differences observed in some evaluations were inherent to the effect of the products on the physiology of conilon coffee. Based on the results obtained in the work, it was concluded that the application with epoxiconazole provided lower cumulative growth and number of nodes per plagiotropic branch, and lower number of rosettes with fruits. The treatments with pyraclostrobin positively influenced the relative chlorophyll indices and provided lower values of the chlorophyll a/b ratio. There was no effect of the products in conilon coffee culture in the other monitored variables.
The State of Espirito Santo is featured in national coffee conilon production, being the activity of great importance in economic and social terms. Among the main problems faced by coffee producers include diseases, as rust of coffee, responsable for expressive losses in productivity. Associated with the other control strategies, the fungicides, are used to reduce fungal diseases to levels that do not interfere with the quality and quantity of agricultural production. Some fungicides also interfere with plant physiology.The fungicides that have physiological effects can bring benefits to the coffee crop because they present this double action However, these effects are still for a few clarified for conilon coffee crop. Before the exposed, the objective were to evaluate the control of conilon coffee rust and the physiological effects on the culture resulting from the isolated application and in combination with other active principles of epoxiconazole and pyraclostrobin. The experiment was design in radom blocks with six treatments and four replicates (two applications of pyraclostrobin and epoxiconazole + boscalid and two applications of pyraclostrobin and epoxiconazole - T1; three applications of pyraclostrobin and epoxiconazole – T2; pyraclostrobin, epoxiconazole and fluxapyroxad - T3; epoxiconazole - T4 and pyraclostrobin - T5 and, without application of fungicide - T6) and four replicates. Evaluations of rust progress were carried out; growth of branches, number of nodes per branch and length of internodes; relative index of chlorophyll; average number of rosettes with fruits, fruits per branch and fruits per rosette and productivity. The differences observed in some treatmentes were inherent to the effect of the products on the physiology of conilon coffee, since the disease was naturally controlled. As the occurrence of the disease in the field was not observed, due to unfavorable climatic conditions, the differences observed in some evaluations were inherent to the effect of the products on the physiology of conilon coffee. Based on the results obtained in the work, it was concluded that the application with epoxiconazole provided lower cumulative growth and number of nodes per plagiotropic branch, and lower number of rosettes with fruits. The treatments with pyraclostrobin positively influenced the relative chlorophyll indices and provided lower values of the chlorophyll a/b ratio. There was no effect of the products in conilon coffee culture in the other monitored variables.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.
Palavras-chave
Coffea canephora, Hemileia vastatrix, Respostas Fisiológicas, Estrobilurinas, Triazóis
Citação
HERZOG, T.T. Fungicidas e efeitos fisiológicos na cultura do café Conilon. 2017. 60 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agricultura Tropical) - Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus. 2017.