Genética de Coffea: XXVI. Hereditariedade do porte reduzido do cultivar Caturra
Data
1984-07
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Instituto Agronômico (IAC)
Resumo
A mutação de Coffea arabica, conhecida sob a denominação de Caturra, caracteriza-se pela redução do comprimento médio dos internódios dos ramos ortotrópicos e plagiotrópicos, o que diminui a altura das plantas, conferindo-lhes um aspecto compacto. Surgiu provavelmente no Bourbon Vermelho, e sua produção se assemelha à deste cultivar. Devido a suas características, a densidade de plantio poderá ser aumentada, refletindo favoravelmente na produçãc por área, e facilitando tanto a colheita como os tratos culturais e fitossanitários. A análise genética, realizada a partir dos tipos paternais Caturra e Normal, que abrangeu a classificação de plantas S1, S2, S3 , S4, S5, F1, F2 e BC e cruzamentos-testes e seus descendentes, num total de 55.516 plantas, indicou que o porte reduzido do Caturra é controlado por um fator genético simples, ao qual foi proposto o símbolo Ct. A dominância é completa, sendo indistinguíveis os cafeeiros de genótipos CtCt e Ctct. Dado o interesse que apresentam as plantas de porte reduzido, o fator Caturra vem sendo transferido a outros cultivares de C. arabica de maior interesse econômico.
Caturra coffee plants (C. arabica) have short stature and compact growth habit due to the reduced internode length of both orthotropic and plagiotropic branches. This mutation - probably originated in the cv Bourbon Vermelho - is agronomically desirable since planting density may be increased, and harvest as well as phytosanitary treatments are facilitated. The inheritance of that trait was investigated by nursey and field scoring of over 55,000 plants of populations S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5 of the original accessions and F1, F2, F3, BC and test crosses derived from crosses of Caturra with normal cultivars. It was concluded that the short stature of Caturra is controled by a single dominant factor to which was assigned the symbol Ct. Owing to its economic value, this allele Ct is being transferred to high yielding cultivars of C. arabica.
Caturra coffee plants (C. arabica) have short stature and compact growth habit due to the reduced internode length of both orthotropic and plagiotropic branches. This mutation - probably originated in the cv Bourbon Vermelho - is agronomically desirable since planting density may be increased, and harvest as well as phytosanitary treatments are facilitated. The inheritance of that trait was investigated by nursey and field scoring of over 55,000 plants of populations S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5 of the original accessions and F1, F2, F3, BC and test crosses derived from crosses of Caturra with normal cultivars. It was concluded that the short stature of Caturra is controled by a single dominant factor to which was assigned the symbol Ct. Owing to its economic value, this allele Ct is being transferred to high yielding cultivars of C. arabica.
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CARVALHO, A. et al. Genética de Coffea: XXVI. Hereditariedade do porte reduzido do cultivar Caturra. Bragantia, Campinas, v. 43, n. 2, p. 443-458, Jul./Dez. 1984.