Impacto gerado pela adoção da certificação fairtrade para produtores de café: uma análise sobre a ótica econômica e social
Data
2018-04-08
Autores
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
A produção de café tem um destaque muito importante na economia brasileira. Além disso, o consumo do produto, ao redor do mundo, tem um crescimento constante (mesmo que com taxas decrescentes). Por isso, há necessidade de olhar para essa produção com olhares cautelosos. Tendo em vista que grande parte da commodity produzida provém de pequenos produtores, eis que surge a preocupação social e econômica na vida dessas pessoas. De acordo com Polanyi (1944), após a Revolução Industrial e adoção do mercado autorregulável, os trabalhadores deixam sua cultura de lado e passam a ser parte do sistema através do capital econômico. Dessa forma, o intuito da economia deixa de ser subsistência e tem como objetivo o lucro. Por conseguinte, a sociedade começa a enfrentar níveis de pobreza, uma vez que essa passa a se polarizar. Entretanto, para todo movimento econômico de sucesso, Polanyi (1944) afirma existir um contramovimento de proteção social. É afirmado nessa pesquisa que, para a proteção dos pequenos produtores de café, foi criado o movimento (ou contramovimento capitalista) do comércio justo (FT). FT é uma certificação com intuito de proteger pequenos e médios produtores do sistema comercial convencional. Essa certificação diz abrigar diversos benefícios para a qualidade de vida de quem produz certificadamente. Porém, como objetivo desse trabalho, a dúvida é: qual o impacto social e econômico que a certificação FT traz na vida dos produtores de café? Para averiguar tal impacto, foi feito um estudo de caso com uma amostra de produtores da cooperativa COOPFAM (Cooperativa De Agricultores Familiares De Poço Fundo). Foram aplicados questionários (survey), além da pesquisa bibliográfica. Averiguou-se que o impacto da certificação FT na vida dessa amostra foi positivo, uma vez que houve o aumento da qualidade de vida, do café produzido e do desenvolvimento na comunidade.
The coffee production has a very important highlight in the Brazilian economy. In addition, the coffee consumption around the world has a constant growth (even with decreasing rates). Therefore, there is an importance to look at this production with cautious perspectives. In view of large part of the commodity produced comes from small producers, thus there is a social and economic concern on the lives of these people. According to Polanyi (1944) after the industrial revolution and the adoption of the self-regulating market, workers leave their culture aside and become part of the system through economic capital. In this way, the purpose of the economy is no longer subsistence and its objective is profit. As a result, society begins to face levels of poverty once it becomes polarized. However, for any successful economic movement, Polanyi (1944) claims that there is a countermovement of social protection. It is stated in this research that for the protection of small coffee producers the movement (or capitalist countermovement) of fair trade (FT) was created. FT is a certification that aims to protect small and medium producers from the conventional trading system. This certification claims to have several benefits for the life quality of those who produce certified products. However, as an objective in this work, the question is which is the social and economic impact that FT certification brings to the lives of coffee producers? In order to investigate this impact, a case study was carried out with a sample of producers from COOPFAM cooperative (Cooperative of Family Farmers from Poço Fundo). Survey questionnaires were applied in addition to bibliographic research. It was found that the impact of FT certification on the life of this sample was positive, since there was an increase in the life quality, the coffee produced and development in the community.
The coffee production has a very important highlight in the Brazilian economy. In addition, the coffee consumption around the world has a constant growth (even with decreasing rates). Therefore, there is an importance to look at this production with cautious perspectives. In view of large part of the commodity produced comes from small producers, thus there is a social and economic concern on the lives of these people. According to Polanyi (1944) after the industrial revolution and the adoption of the self-regulating market, workers leave their culture aside and become part of the system through economic capital. In this way, the purpose of the economy is no longer subsistence and its objective is profit. As a result, society begins to face levels of poverty once it becomes polarized. However, for any successful economic movement, Polanyi (1944) claims that there is a countermovement of social protection. It is stated in this research that for the protection of small coffee producers the movement (or capitalist countermovement) of fair trade (FT) was created. FT is a certification that aims to protect small and medium producers from the conventional trading system. This certification claims to have several benefits for the life quality of those who produce certified products. However, as an objective in this work, the question is which is the social and economic impact that FT certification brings to the lives of coffee producers? In order to investigate this impact, a case study was carried out with a sample of producers from COOPFAM cooperative (Cooperative of Family Farmers from Poço Fundo). Survey questionnaires were applied in addition to bibliographic research. It was found that the impact of FT certification on the life of this sample was positive, since there was an increase in the life quality, the coffee produced and development in the community.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
Palavras-chave
Comércio justo, Agronegócio, Karl Polanyi, Certificações
Citação
BARROS, M. Impacto gerado pela adoção da certificação fairtrade para produtores de café: uma análise sobre a ótica econômica e social. 2018. 71 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Administração) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras. 2018.