Qualidade do solo e nutrição de plantas em sistemas de produção de café (Coffea arabica L.)
Data
2010-09
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Editora UFLA
Resumo
Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar por meio de indicadores bióticos e abióticos, a qualidade do solo, assim como a nutrição de cafeeiros cultivados sob manejos convencional e orgânico, em sistemas de produção a pleno sol e arborizado, no município de Piatã, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia. A definição de indicadores e a organização de métodos de avaliação que caracterizem, de maneira concreta, a aptidão do solo para os cultivos agrícolas, torna-se uma importante ferramenta dentro do novo contexto de manejo agrícola. Uma perspectiva possível é a análise de agroecossistemas específicos por meio da quantificação de um conjunto de parâmetros envolvidos na sustentabilidade da produção. Para o presente estudo foram avaliadas características do solo como a cobertura vegetal, a atividade microbiana, a matéria orgânica e os principais parâmetros químicos. Para os cafeeiros foram realizadas avaliações relativas ao valor SPAD e os teores de macro e micronutrientes foliares. Verificou-se que os índices referentes à cobertura vegetal, teores de matéria orgânica e atividade microbiológica do solo caracterizaram uma condição de elevado potencial produtivo para os cafezais sob manejo orgânico em relação aos mantidos sob manejo convencional. Entretanto, os teores de nutrientes no solo e nas folhas mantiveramse abaixo dos níveis adequados, restritivos à produtividade do sistema.
In the effort for the increase of the productivity, diverse used techniques, as the intensive managing of the soil, the synthetic fertilizer application and the chemical control of spontaneous herbs, have negative consequences that, in the long stated period, they work to mine the productivity of the agricultural land. The agricultural sustanability can be appraised as a group of agroecological requirements that must be satisfied in any property, independently of the management, economic level, location in landscape and other differences. Thus, it has a pressing necessity to organize methods of evaluation that define, in concrete way, the sustainability of agricultural systems. Two farms in Piatã, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, had been chosen for sustainability evaluation of full sun and shade systems of coffee production. For soil analysis, it was evaluated vegetal covering, the microbial activity, the organic matter and the main chemical parameters. In the coffee plants was evaluated SPAD value and foliar contents of macro and micronutrients. The organic coffee plantations had presented better parameters how much to the covering, the organic matter and the microbiological activity of the soil. However, the contents of nutrients in the soil and leaves were below of the adequate levels.
In the effort for the increase of the productivity, diverse used techniques, as the intensive managing of the soil, the synthetic fertilizer application and the chemical control of spontaneous herbs, have negative consequences that, in the long stated period, they work to mine the productivity of the agricultural land. The agricultural sustanability can be appraised as a group of agroecological requirements that must be satisfied in any property, independently of the management, economic level, location in landscape and other differences. Thus, it has a pressing necessity to organize methods of evaluation that define, in concrete way, the sustainability of agricultural systems. Two farms in Piatã, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, had been chosen for sustainability evaluation of full sun and shade systems of coffee production. For soil analysis, it was evaluated vegetal covering, the microbial activity, the organic matter and the main chemical parameters. In the coffee plants was evaluated SPAD value and foliar contents of macro and micronutrients. The organic coffee plantations had presented better parameters how much to the covering, the organic matter and the microbiological activity of the soil. However, the contents of nutrients in the soil and leaves were below of the adequate levels.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Agroescossistemas, Indicadores, Solo, Qualidade
Citação
MARTINS NETO, F. L; MATSUMOTO, S. N. Qualidade do solo e nutrição de plantas em sistemas de produção de café (Coffea arabica L.). Coffee Science, Lavras, v. 5, n. 3, p. 206-213, set./dez. 2010.