Efeito de diferentes épocas nos tipos de podas em lavouras adensadas
Arquivos
Data
2001
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Resumo
A tendência atual da cafeicultura mundial e brasileira é optar por espaçamentos mais reduzidos, chamados de plantios adensados. Esse processo apresenta vantagens, como a maior produtividade nas primeiras colheitas, o menor custo de produção por saca beneficiada, entre outras. No entanto, possui desvantagens, sendo a principal delas o rápido fechamento da lavoura, que causa diminuição na produção e torna obrigatória a realização de podas sistemáticas. Com o objetivo de verificar
a influência da época e do tipo de poda na produção em cafezais adensados, realizou-se o presente trabalho. O experimento foi instalado em uma propriedade no município de Santo Antônio do Amparo, sul do Estado de Minas Gerais, utilizando-se uma lavoura de café da cultivar Icatu com espaçamento de 1,0 x 2,5 m, com a idade de 13 anos. O delineamento experimental é em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial, com um total de 17 tratamentos e 4 repetições. Os tratamentos constam de três épocas distintas de poda para o primeiro fator, na seguinte ordem: primeira época, antes das chuvas, logo após a colheita (mês
de agosto); segunda época, após o início de crescimento vegetativo no mês de outubro, durante as chuvas; e terceira época, mais tardia, no mês de dezembro. O segundo fator consta de cinco tipos de podas: recepa a 30 cm do solo; recepa a 80 cm do solo, com "pulmão"; decote a 1,80 m do solo; decote a 1,80 m do solo mais desponte a 60 cm; desponte a 60 cm sem decote; e testemunha sem poda. A avaliação dos tratamentos foi feita utilizando-se o peso e o volume de "café da roça" de cada parcela. Após dois anos de condução do experimento, conclui-se que, com relação às recepas, tanto a 30 quanto a 80 cm de altura, observa-se tendência de que, quanto mais tarde se realiza esta poda, menor será a produção no segundo ano de condução. Parece haver tendência para maiores produtividades dos tratamentos com podas menos drásticas, até o segundo ano após a poda; entretanto, o ensaio se encontra com apenas dois anos, o que pode ser a explicação para a inconsistência desses dados preliminares. Dados conclusivos poderão ser obtidos ao final do sexto ano de condução.
The current tendency of the world and Brazilian coffee growing is choosing more reduced spacing, called dense plantings. This process presents advantages as the larger productivity in the first harvests, smaller production cost for prepared bag, and others. However, it has disadvantages, being the main one the fast closing of the crop, which causes decrease in the production and it makes obligatory the accomplishment of systematic pruning. With the objective of verifying the influence of the time and of the pruning type in the production in coffee dense plantations, the present work took place. The experiment was installed in a farm in the town of Santo Antônio do Amparo, southern State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, using a coffee plantation of Icatu cultivar with spacing of 1,0 x 2,5 m, 13 year-old age. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in factorial outline, with a total of 17 treatments and 4 repetitions. The treatments consist of 3 different times for pruning as the first factor, in the following order: first time, before the rains, soon after the harvest (month of August); second time, after the beginning of vegetative growth in the month of October, during the rains; and the third time, later, in the month of December. The second factor consists of 5 types of pruning: cut-back 30cm of the soil; cut-back 80cm of the soil, with "lung" branches; cut off 1,80m of the soil; cut off 1,80m and blunting 60cm; blunting 60cm without cut-off and control. The evaluation of the treatments was made using the weight and the volume of "coffee of the open country" of each parcel. After two years of the experiment conduction, the conclusion was that relating to the cut-back, both 30 cm and 80 cm of height, a tendency was observed that the later this pruning takes place, the least it will be the production in the second year of conduction. It seems that there is a tendency for larger productivity of the treatments with less drastic pruning, until the second year after. However the experiment is only two-year old, what can be the explanation for the inconsistency of those preliminary data. Conclusive data can be obtained at the end of the sixth year of conduction.
The current tendency of the world and Brazilian coffee growing is choosing more reduced spacing, called dense plantings. This process presents advantages as the larger productivity in the first harvests, smaller production cost for prepared bag, and others. However, it has disadvantages, being the main one the fast closing of the crop, which causes decrease in the production and it makes obligatory the accomplishment of systematic pruning. With the objective of verifying the influence of the time and of the pruning type in the production in coffee dense plantations, the present work took place. The experiment was installed in a farm in the town of Santo Antônio do Amparo, southern State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, using a coffee plantation of Icatu cultivar with spacing of 1,0 x 2,5 m, 13 year-old age. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in factorial outline, with a total of 17 treatments and 4 repetitions. The treatments consist of 3 different times for pruning as the first factor, in the following order: first time, before the rains, soon after the harvest (month of August); second time, after the beginning of vegetative growth in the month of October, during the rains; and the third time, later, in the month of December. The second factor consists of 5 types of pruning: cut-back 30cm of the soil; cut-back 80cm of the soil, with "lung" branches; cut off 1,80m of the soil; cut off 1,80m and blunting 60cm; blunting 60cm without cut-off and control. The evaluation of the treatments was made using the weight and the volume of "coffee of the open country" of each parcel. After two years of the experiment conduction, the conclusion was that relating to the cut-back, both 30 cm and 80 cm of height, a tendency was observed that the later this pruning takes place, the least it will be the production in the second year of conduction. It seems that there is a tendency for larger productivity of the treatments with less drastic pruning, until the second year after. However the experiment is only two-year old, what can be the explanation for the inconsistency of those preliminary data. Conclusive data can be obtained at the end of the sixth year of conduction.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (2. : 2001 : Vitória, ES). Resumos. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2001. 181p. : il.
Palavras-chave
Café adensado Poda Época, Coffee Pruning Cut-back Cut-up.
Citação
Alvarenga, Gui; Guimarães, Rubens José; Barbosa, Cristina Maria; Vallone, Haroldo Silva; Oliveira, Sirlei de; Calilli, Bruno Pereira. Efeito de diferentes épocas nos tipos de podas em lavouras adensadas. In: Simpósio Brasileiro de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (2. : 2001 : Vitória, ES). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2001. (CD-ROM), p. 1720-1725