Divergência entre genótipos de café arábica para qualidade sensorial
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2013-12-10
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Escassas são as informações relativas à variabilidade genética para qualidade sensorial do café. No Capítulo 1, foi avaliada a divergência genética entre 38 acessos do Híbrido de Timor (HT) e progênies derivadas desse germoplasma para qualidade de grãos e bebida. Há alta divergência genética entre os genótipos. Os acessos UFV 377-34, UFV 390-52, UFV 450-61, UFV 451-41 e UFV 454-43 são promissores para integrar programas de melhoramento, visando à melhoria da qualidade dos grãos e da bebida. No Capítulo 2, foi avaliada a divergência para qualidade sensorial entre 101 genótipos Coffea arabica e a correlação entre os atributos sensoriais. Há alta divergência genética para qualidade sensorial entre os genótipos. A maioria desses (90%) possui potencial genético para produção de cafés especiais. Há elevada correlação genética entre os atributos Sabor e Doçura com o Escore Final. Causas de variações ambientais distintas atuam sobre os caracteres de qualidade sensorial. Dezesseis genótipos com qualidade de cafés classificados como excelentes são promissores para o melhoramento da qualidade sensorial. No Capítulo 3, avaliou-se a qualidade sensorial de grupos de genótipos, sob metodologia padrão e com o uso do “Sensoriograma” e da Análise de Conteúdo como metodologias complementares. Os genótipos foram discriminados nos grupos genealógicos Bourbon, Caturra, Híbrido de Timor, Catimor, Cultivares Tradicionais e Cultivares Derivadas do HT. O “Sensoriograma” e a Análise de Conteúdo são métodos que complementam a atual escala por notas, passíveis de uso, na caracterização de cafés especiais quanto à qualidade e intensidade de nuances. Os grupos estudados possuem potencial genético para produção de cafés especiais. No ambiente avaliado, o grupo de Cultivares Derivadas de Híbrido de Timor apresentou potencial superior para produção de cafés especiais.
Information concerning the genetic variability for cup quality of coffee beans are scarce, mainly targeting the specialty coffee market. In Chapter 1, we evaluated the genetic divergence for beans and cup quality among 38 Híbrido de Timor (HT) accessions and derived progenies. We observed high genetic diversity among the genotypes. UFV 377- 34, UFV 390-52, UFV 450-61, UFV 451-41 and UFV 454-43 accessions are promising to improve the beans and cup quality. In Chapter 2, we evaluated the genetic divergence for sensory quality among 101 Coffea arabica genotypes and the correlation between the sensory attributes. There is high genetic divergence for sensory quality among the genotypes. Most of these ones (90%) have genetic potential for specialty coffees production. There is a high genetic correlation between Taste and Sweetness with Final Score attributes. Environmental correlations indicate that distinct causes of environmental changes are acting on different sensory quality characters. Sixteen genotypes with beverage quality classified as excellent are promising to improving the coffee cup quality. In Chapter 3, we evaluated the coffee sensory quality of genotype groups, broken down by genealogical origin, from the current methodology of the specialty coffee market and the "Sensorygram" and Content Analysis as complementary methodologies. We used forty-one genotypes, subdivided in Bourbon, Caturra, Híbrido de Timor, Catimor, Traditional Cultivars and Derived Cultivars of Híbrido de Timor genealogical groups. The Sensorygram and Content Analysis are methods that complement the current scale of notes, subject to use in the sensory characterization of specialty coffees as to the quality and intensity of nuances. The studied groups have genetic potential for specialty coffees production. The Híbrido de Timor Derived Cultivars showed higher potential in the environment evaluated, producing coffees rated as excellent or rare in the specialty coffee market.
Information concerning the genetic variability for cup quality of coffee beans are scarce, mainly targeting the specialty coffee market. In Chapter 1, we evaluated the genetic divergence for beans and cup quality among 38 Híbrido de Timor (HT) accessions and derived progenies. We observed high genetic diversity among the genotypes. UFV 377- 34, UFV 390-52, UFV 450-61, UFV 451-41 and UFV 454-43 accessions are promising to improve the beans and cup quality. In Chapter 2, we evaluated the genetic divergence for sensory quality among 101 Coffea arabica genotypes and the correlation between the sensory attributes. There is high genetic divergence for sensory quality among the genotypes. Most of these ones (90%) have genetic potential for specialty coffees production. There is a high genetic correlation between Taste and Sweetness with Final Score attributes. Environmental correlations indicate that distinct causes of environmental changes are acting on different sensory quality characters. Sixteen genotypes with beverage quality classified as excellent are promising to improving the coffee cup quality. In Chapter 3, we evaluated the coffee sensory quality of genotype groups, broken down by genealogical origin, from the current methodology of the specialty coffee market and the "Sensorygram" and Content Analysis as complementary methodologies. We used forty-one genotypes, subdivided in Bourbon, Caturra, Híbrido de Timor, Catimor, Traditional Cultivars and Derived Cultivars of Híbrido de Timor genealogical groups. The Sensorygram and Content Analysis are methods that complement the current scale of notes, subject to use in the sensory characterization of specialty coffees as to the quality and intensity of nuances. The studied groups have genetic potential for specialty coffees production. The Híbrido de Timor Derived Cultivars showed higher potential in the environment evaluated, producing coffees rated as excellent or rare in the specialty coffee market.
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Tese de Doutorado defendida na Universidade Federal de Viçosa.
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Citação
SOBREIRA, F. M. Divergência entre genótipos de café arábica para qualidade sensorial. 2013. 71 f. Tese (Doutorado em Fitotecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG. 2013.