Identificação e caracterização de genes de ACC oxidase de café
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2001
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Resumo
O fitorregulador etileno está associado a vários eventos fisiológicos em plantas. Em frutos climatéricos, um aumento dramático na síntese de etileno promove os passos subseqüentes do amadurecimento. A enzima ACC oxidase catalisa o último passo de biossíntese deste fitorregulador, convertendo 1-aminociclopropano-1- ácido carboxílico (ACC) em etileno. O objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar e caracterizar genes de ACC oxidase de Coffea spp. para serem usados subseqüentemente em projetos de transformação genética visando o controle da maturação dos frutos. Oligonucleotídeos baseados em regiões conservadas de genes heterólogos de ACC oxidase foram projetados para amplificar o fragmento a partir de cDNA. Fragmentos de cDNA amplificados foram clonados no vetor pUC 18 através do SureClone TM Ligation Kit (Amershan Pharmacia Biotech). Um clone completo de 0,96 Kb de C. arabica foi obtido. A sequência de nucleotídeos e de aminoácidos demonstrou alta homologia com ACC oxidase de Actinidia , Carica, Prunus e Betula. Para determinar o padrão de expressão do gene em diferentes tecidos e de frutos em diferentes estádios de maturação foi usada a técnica de RT-PCR. Houve diferentes níveis de expressão de ACC oxidase nos tecidos testados. Como esperado, a expressão de ACC oxidase foi elevada em frutos de café em fases iniciais de amadurecimento. O gene de ACC oxidase foi clonado em orientação anti-senso em vetores para transformação direta e em vetores binários, contendo promotor e terminador 35S CaMV.
The phytohormone ethylene is associated with several physiological events in higher plants. In climateric fruits, an increase in ethylene biosynthesis promotes the subsequent steps of fruit ripening. The enzyme ACC oxidase catalyzes the last step of ethylene biosynthesis, converting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to ethylene. Our objectives were to isolate and characterize an ACC oxidase cDNA from Coffea spp, that will be used subsequently in experiments related to fruit ripening control. Primers based in conserved regions from ACC oxidase sequences were designed to amplify the ACC oxidase cDNA fragment. The fragments were cloned in pUC18 vector using the SureClone TM Ligation Kit (Amershan Pharmacia Biotech). A full-length 0.96 Kb cDNA clone of Coffea arabica was obtained. The nucleotide and the amino acids deduced sequences showed high homology with ACC oxidase from Actinidia, Carica, Prunus and Betula. RT-PCR was used to determine the gene expression pattern from different tissues and from fruits at different ripening stages. There were different levels of ACC oxidase expression in all tested tissue. As expected, the expression ACC oxidase was higher in coffee fruits at initial stages of ripening. Meanwhile, fruits at the final stages of ripening (purple-red colour) had lower expression, and fruits at pre-ripening stages (green colour) showed the lowest expression. The ACC oxidase clone had been transferred in antisense orientation to transformation vectors. Those vectors are being used in genetic transformation experiments for control of ripening process in coffee fruits.
The phytohormone ethylene is associated with several physiological events in higher plants. In climateric fruits, an increase in ethylene biosynthesis promotes the subsequent steps of fruit ripening. The enzyme ACC oxidase catalyzes the last step of ethylene biosynthesis, converting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to ethylene. Our objectives were to isolate and characterize an ACC oxidase cDNA from Coffea spp, that will be used subsequently in experiments related to fruit ripening control. Primers based in conserved regions from ACC oxidase sequences were designed to amplify the ACC oxidase cDNA fragment. The fragments were cloned in pUC18 vector using the SureClone TM Ligation Kit (Amershan Pharmacia Biotech). A full-length 0.96 Kb cDNA clone of Coffea arabica was obtained. The nucleotide and the amino acids deduced sequences showed high homology with ACC oxidase from Actinidia, Carica, Prunus and Betula. RT-PCR was used to determine the gene expression pattern from different tissues and from fruits at different ripening stages. There were different levels of ACC oxidase expression in all tested tissue. As expected, the expression ACC oxidase was higher in coffee fruits at initial stages of ripening. Meanwhile, fruits at the final stages of ripening (purple-red colour) had lower expression, and fruits at pre-ripening stages (green colour) showed the lowest expression. The ACC oxidase clone had been transferred in antisense orientation to transformation vectors. Those vectors are being used in genetic transformation experiments for control of ripening process in coffee fruits.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (2. : 2001 : Vitória, ES). Resumos. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2001. 181p. : il.
Palavras-chave
Café ACC Oxidase Caracterização Etileno Maturação, Coffee ACC oxidase Characterization Ethylene Ripening
Citação
Galvão, Rafaelo Marques; Kobayashi, Adilson Kenji; Ribas, Alessandra Ferreira; Bespalhok Filho, João Carlos; Pereira, Luiz Filipe Protasio; Vieira, Luiz Gonzaga Esteves. Identificação e caracterização de genes de ACC oxidase de café. In: Simpósio Brasileiro de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (2. : 2001 : Vitória, ES). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2001. (CD-ROM), p. 375-381.