Caracterização microclimática em cultivo consorciado café/banana
Data
2007-05
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Editor
Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola - UFCG
Resumo
Cafeeiros (Coffea arabica L.) cv. Icatu Vermelho IAC 4045, cultivados a pleno s ol e consorciados com bananeira (Musa sp AAB) ‘Prata Anã’, em Mococa, SP (21° 28’ S, 47° 01’ W, altitude 665 m), entre outubro de 2001 e setembro de 2002. Os elementos foram monitor ados em um ponto do cultivo a pleno sol e em dois pontos do cultivo consorcia- do, sendo um próximo à planta de banana e outro situado em uma condição central, entre as plantas de banana. Os resultados obtidos mostrar am que o cultivo consorciado de café promoveu atenuação dos valores médios da radiação solar global, tendo sido mais evidente no ponto amostral situado próximo às bananeiras. Verificou-se, ainda, uma redu- ção média de 48% na velocidade do vento no cultivo consorciado, influenciada pela época do ano, além do desbaste das bananeiras. Com relação à temperatura e umidade do ar, foram encontradas diferenças apenas na temperatura máxi- ma no ponto central da par cela do cultivo consorciado que, por sua vez, apresentou médias super iores em relação ao cultivo a pleno sol no verão e outono e em relação ao ponto situado próximo às bananeiras na primavera, ver ão e outo- no; essas diferenças foram mais significativas em dias com condição ens olarada e de pouca ocorrência de vento.
Microclimatic measurements (solar radiation, wind s peed, air temperature and relative humidity) were taken on a daily and hourly basis, from October, 2001 to September, 2002 in a coffee crop ( Coffea arabica L.) cv. Icatu Verrmelho IAC 4045, grown in two different conditions: shaded by banana ( Musa sp AAB) ‘Prata Anã’ and unshaded. The experiment was carri ed out at Mococa, São Paulo State, Brazil (21° 28’ S, 47° 01’ W, altitude 665 m). The micr oclimatic measurements were taken in one position of the unshaded coffee crop and in two different pos itions of the shaded coffee crop the first being close to the nearest point to banana plants and the s econd at the center of the s haded crop plot. The banana plants reduced the incoming solar radiation to the coffee crop, showing a higher reduction at the nearest point to banana plants. The wind speed was reduced by 48% at the s haded crop, this value being influenced by the season of the year and pruning of the banana plants. Differ ences were found only for the maximum air temperatur e at the central point of the shaded crop, showing higher aver ages in relation to the uns haded crop during the s ummer and autumn, and also in relation to the nearest point to banana plants during the spring, summer and autumn, showing higher differences on sunny days and with low wind speed.
Microclimatic measurements (solar radiation, wind s peed, air temperature and relative humidity) were taken on a daily and hourly basis, from October, 2001 to September, 2002 in a coffee crop ( Coffea arabica L.) cv. Icatu Verrmelho IAC 4045, grown in two different conditions: shaded by banana ( Musa sp AAB) ‘Prata Anã’ and unshaded. The experiment was carri ed out at Mococa, São Paulo State, Brazil (21° 28’ S, 47° 01’ W, altitude 665 m). The micr oclimatic measurements were taken in one position of the unshaded coffee crop and in two different pos itions of the shaded coffee crop the first being close to the nearest point to banana plants and the s econd at the center of the s haded crop plot. The banana plants reduced the incoming solar radiation to the coffee crop, showing a higher reduction at the nearest point to banana plants. The wind speed was reduced by 48% at the s haded crop, this value being influenced by the season of the year and pruning of the banana plants. Differ ences were found only for the maximum air temperatur e at the central point of the shaded crop, showing higher aver ages in relation to the uns haded crop during the s ummer and autumn, and also in relation to the nearest point to banana plants during the spring, summer and autumn, showing higher differences on sunny days and with low wind speed.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Microclima, Coffea arabica, Radiação solar global, Temperatura do ar, consorciação
Citação
PEZZOPANE, J. R. M.; PEDRO JR., M. J.; GALLO, P. B. Caracterização microclimática em cultivo consorciado café/banana. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Campina Grande,v.11, n.3, p.256–264, 2007.