Tolerância de mudas de café a herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência
Data
2003-07
Autores
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Editor
Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas
Resumo
Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a tolerância de mudas de café à aplicação de herbicidas em pós-emergência. Flumiozaxin, sulfentrazone, flazasulfuron, clethodim, fluazifop-p-butil, imazamox, bentazon, fomesafen, lactofen, oxyfluorfen, chlorimuron-ethil, metribuzin e também as misturas de fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen e de nicosulfuron + atrazine foram aplicados diretamente sobre o topo das plantas, 15 dias após o transplantio das mudas de café para os vasos (3,0 L). Foram feitas avaliações visuais de toxicidade dos herbicidas às plantas de café e, também, avaliações da altura, do diâmetro e da massa seca da parte aérea e das raízes dessas plantas. O metribuzin e a mistura em tanque de nicosulfuron + atrazine causaram morte das plantas de café, enquanto imazamox, sulfentrazone, oxyfluorfen e lactofen causaram severa toxicidade (49 a 64%). Dentre os herbicidas avaliados, aqueles que mais reduziram a altura das plantas, em relação à testemunha, foram imazamox e sulfentrazone (62 e 68%, respectivamente). O acúmulo de matéria seca, tanto da parte aérea como do sistema radicular, foi no máximo 67% daquele apresentado pela testemunha para sulfentrazone, flazasulfuron, imazamox, lactofen e oxyfluorfen. O maior potencial para uso em pós-emergência, sobre o topo das plantas, foi obtido com fluazifop-p-butil, clethodim, fomesafen, chlorimuron-ethil, flumioxazin e fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen, uma vez que causaram apenas leves injúrias e não afetaram o acúmulo de matéria seca do cafeeiro.
This work was conducted to evaluate the tolerance of coffee plant seedlings to post emergence herbicide application. Flumiozaxin, sulfentrazone, flazasulfuron, clethodim, fluazifop- p-butil, imazamox, bentazon, fomesafen, lactofen, oxyfluorfen, chlorimuron-ethil, metribuzin and also the mixtures of fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen and of nicosulfuron + atrazine were sprayed directly on top of the plants, 15 days after coffee seedling transplantation, in 3.0 L pots. Herbicide injury, coffee plant height, diameter and also shoot and root dry weights were evaluated. Whereas imazamox, sulfentrazone, oxyfluorfen and lactofen imposed a high injury (49 to 64%), metribuzin and the nicosulfuron + atrazine tank mixture killed all the plants 35 days after application. The greatest plant height decreases were imposed by imazamox (62%) and sulfentrazone (68%). Both the shoot and the root dry matter contents were a maximum of 67% of that verified on the control, after applications of sulfentrazone, flazasulfuron, imazamox, lactofen and oxyfluorfen. The greatest potential to post emergence application on top of the plants were achieved with fluazifop-p-butyl, clethodim, fomesafen, chlorimuron-ethyl, flumioxazin and fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen, since they neither significantly injured the plants nor affected their dry matter production.
This work was conducted to evaluate the tolerance of coffee plant seedlings to post emergence herbicide application. Flumiozaxin, sulfentrazone, flazasulfuron, clethodim, fluazifop- p-butil, imazamox, bentazon, fomesafen, lactofen, oxyfluorfen, chlorimuron-ethil, metribuzin and also the mixtures of fluazifop-p-butil + fomesafen and of nicosulfuron + atrazine were sprayed directly on top of the plants, 15 days after coffee seedling transplantation, in 3.0 L pots. Herbicide injury, coffee plant height, diameter and also shoot and root dry weights were evaluated. Whereas imazamox, sulfentrazone, oxyfluorfen and lactofen imposed a high injury (49 to 64%), metribuzin and the nicosulfuron + atrazine tank mixture killed all the plants 35 days after application. The greatest plant height decreases were imposed by imazamox (62%) and sulfentrazone (68%). Both the shoot and the root dry matter contents were a maximum of 67% of that verified on the control, after applications of sulfentrazone, flazasulfuron, imazamox, lactofen and oxyfluorfen. The greatest potential to post emergence application on top of the plants were achieved with fluazifop-p-butyl, clethodim, fomesafen, chlorimuron-ethyl, flumioxazin and fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen, since they neither significantly injured the plants nor affected their dry matter production.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Seletividade, Fitotoxicidade
Citação
RONCHI, C. P.; SILVA, A. A. Tolerância de mudas de café a herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência. Planta Daninha, Viçosa, v.21, n.3, p.421-426, 2003.