Associação calcário/gesso na melhoria das condições químicas do solo para cafeeiros (Coffea arábica L.) em crescimento
Data
1992
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Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
Com o objetivo de estudar os efeitos do calcário e gesso como corretivo das camadas superficiais do solo e a movimentação diferencial de íons ao longo do perfil frente à diferentes doses de calcário e/ou gesso na cultura do cafeeiro, o presente trabalho foi instalado no campo, em um Latossolo Roxo distrófico, fase cerrado com 70% de argila. A cultivar utilizada foi o Mundo Novo LCP-379-19, em um espaçamento de 2,5 m x 1,25 m. Como tratamento, foram utilizadas 3 doses de calcário dolomítico 0; 1/2 (3,65 t/ha) e dose completa (7,3 t/ha) necessária para elevar a saturação por base a 80% e 4 doses de gesso agrícola O t/ha; 2,5 t/ha; 5,0 t/ha e 10,0 t/ha. Foram efetuadas quatro amostragens de solo nas fundidades de 0 a 20, 20 a 40, 40 à 60 e 60 a 80 cm, sendo que as mesmas foram feitas de sete em sete meses apos aplicação dos tratamentos. Determinou-se, pela análise do solo, os valores de pH, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Al3+, SO42+, V% e m% e os teores na folha, de N, P, K,Ca, Mg,S Fe e Mn. Foi observado, pela aplicação do gesso, uma movimentação de Ca e Mg no solo, com redução da saturação por alumínio em profundidade, sendo que os teores de alumínio trocável chegaram a atingir zero; e aumento da saturação por base. O sulfato foi o anion que predominantemente acompanhou os cátions trocáveis, sendo observados teores do mesmo acima do nível critico após os 2.8 meses de aplicação dos tratamentos. Em relação ao potássio, não foi observada sua movimentação no perfil do solo, talvez pelo uso da adubação potássica parcelada durante o período observado. O calcário corrigiu a acidez superficial e forneceu Ca e Mg para a cultura, que não se movimentaram no perfil do solo,no período. Foram obtidas correlações positivas entre os teores de Ca, Mg e S no solo e na folha; e um bom desenvolvimento da parte vegetativa de forma significativa, com relação ao diâmetro da copa e número de internódios. Foram obtidas relações entre nutrientes na folha ideais para o bom desenvolvimento da parte aérea do cafeeiro para P/S e Ca/Mg o mesmo não acontecendo com as relações Mg/K e CA/K que não seguiram as mesmas tendencias positivas das relações mencionadas.
With the objective of studying the effects of 1liming and Jypsum as corrective of subsuperficial layers of soil and the differential movement of ions through the soil Pprofile in relation to different doses of lime and/or gypsum in coffee crop, the present work was installed at field conditions, in a dystrophic Dusky Red Latosol, cerrado phasis with 70% clay. The utilized cultivar was LCP-379-19 Mundo Novo (New World), in a spacement of 2.5 m x 1,25 m. As treatments were utilized 3 doses of dolomitic lime - 0; 1/2 (3.65 ton/ha) and complete dose (7.3 ton/ha) - need to elevate the base saturation to 80% and 4 doses of agricultural gypsum - 0; 2.5; 5,0 and 10 ton/ha. It were performed 4 samplings of soil at 0 - 20, 20 - 40, 40 - 60 and 60 - 80cm depth, being that they were done at each 7 months after application of treatments. It were determidone at each 7 months after application of treatments. It were determined by soil analyses the values of pH, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Al3+, SO42+, V% e m%, and the amounts of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe and Mn in leaves,It was observed by the application of gypsum a movement of Ca and Mg in the soil, with reduction of Al saturation in depth, being that the amounts of exchangeable Al reached O, and increase of base saturation. The sulphate was the anion which mainly followed the exchangeable cations, being observed amounts of it above the critical level after the 28 months of application of treatments. In relation to K, it was not observed its movement in the soil profile, perhaps by the use of parcelled k fertilization during the observed peior. The lime corrected the superficial acidity and provided Ca and Mg to the crop, which did not move in the soil profile during the studied period. It were obtained positive correlations between the amounts of Ca, Mg and S inthe soil and in the leave, and a good development of the vegetative part in a significative form with relation to the diameter of crown and number of internodes. It were obtained rations between nutrientes in leaf ideals for the good development of the aerial part of the coffee crop for P/S and Ca/MG, the same not happening with the Mg/K and Ca/k rations which did not follow the same positive trends as the former mentioned ratios.
With the objective of studying the effects of 1liming and Jypsum as corrective of subsuperficial layers of soil and the differential movement of ions through the soil Pprofile in relation to different doses of lime and/or gypsum in coffee crop, the present work was installed at field conditions, in a dystrophic Dusky Red Latosol, cerrado phasis with 70% clay. The utilized cultivar was LCP-379-19 Mundo Novo (New World), in a spacement of 2.5 m x 1,25 m. As treatments were utilized 3 doses of dolomitic lime - 0; 1/2 (3.65 ton/ha) and complete dose (7.3 ton/ha) - need to elevate the base saturation to 80% and 4 doses of agricultural gypsum - 0; 2.5; 5,0 and 10 ton/ha. It were performed 4 samplings of soil at 0 - 20, 20 - 40, 40 - 60 and 60 - 80cm depth, being that they were done at each 7 months after application of treatments. It were determidone at each 7 months after application of treatments. It were determined by soil analyses the values of pH, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Al3+, SO42+, V% e m%, and the amounts of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe and Mn in leaves,It was observed by the application of gypsum a movement of Ca and Mg in the soil, with reduction of Al saturation in depth, being that the amounts of exchangeable Al reached O, and increase of base saturation. The sulphate was the anion which mainly followed the exchangeable cations, being observed amounts of it above the critical level after the 28 months of application of treatments. In relation to K, it was not observed its movement in the soil profile, perhaps by the use of parcelled k fertilization during the observed peior. The lime corrected the superficial acidity and provided Ca and Mg to the crop, which did not move in the soil profile during the studied period. It were obtained positive correlations between the amounts of Ca, Mg and S inthe soil and in the leave, and a good development of the vegetative part in a significative form with relation to the diameter of crown and number of internodes. It were obtained rations between nutrientes in leaf ideals for the good development of the aerial part of the coffee crop for P/S and Ca/MG, the same not happening with the Mg/K and Ca/k rations which did not follow the same positive trends as the former mentioned ratios.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
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Citação
CORRÊA, J. B. Associação calcário/gesso na melhoria das condições químicas do solo para cafeeiros (Coffea arábica L.) em crescimento. 1992. 124 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia - Solos e Nutrição de plantas) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras. 1992.