PERFIL ISOENZIMÁTICO EM SEMENTES DE CAFÉ PRODUZIDAS SOB MANEJO ORGÂNICO
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Data
2011
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Resumo
A produção orgânica visa à busca do equilíbrio de sistemas agropecuários com a natureza, não utilizando agrotóxicos, os quais desequilibram o ecosistema e eliminam os inimigos naturais. Assim no manejo orgânico são utilizadas diferentes fontes de matéria orgânica que resultam em efeitos de nutrição variados e por conseqüência podem afetar a qualidade de sementes, a qual, dentre vários fatores, está também relacionada à existência de enzimas do sistema oxidativo. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar alterações no perfil de expressão de sistemas isoenzimáticos em sementes de café produzidas em lavouras conduzidas sob manejo orgânico. O delineamento experimental foi látice balanceado 4x4 com cinco repetições, em esquema fatorial 3x2x2, mais quatro tratamentos adicionais, além da testemunha produzida com adubação convencional. O fatorial corresponde a três fontes de matéria orgânica (esterco bovino, cama de aviário e farelo de mamona), com e sem resíduo vegetal (casca de café), com e sem adubação verde, com feijão guandu (Cajanus cajan L). A qualidade das sementes foi avaliada por meio de testes fisiológicos e também por eletroforese dos sistemas enzimáticos álcool desidrogenase, sorbitol desidrogenase, peroxidase, catalase, esterase,superóxido dismutase, glutamato desidrogenase. Pelos resultados obtidos não foram observadas diferenças na qualidade fisiológica das sementes de café ou nos padrões isoenzimáticos, devidas aos tratamentos de manejo orgânico e convencional de adubação.
Organic production aims at the balance of agricultural and livestock systems with Nature, not making use of pesticides, which unbalance the ecosystem and eliminate the natural enemies. So, in organic management are utilized different sources of organic matter which result into different nutrition effects and as a consequence, they can affect seed quality, which among several factors, is also related to the existence of oxidative system enzymes. Evaluating changes in the expression pattern of isoenzyme systems in coffee seeds produced in crops conducted under organic management was intended. The experimental design was balanced lattice 4x4 with five replicates in a factorial scheme 3x2x2, plus four additional treatments, in addition to the control produced with conventional fertilization. The factorial corresponds to three sources of organic matter (cattle manure, broiler litter and castor bean meal), with and without plant residue (coffee husks), with and without green manuring with pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan L). Seed quality was evaluated by means of physiological tests and also by electrophoresis of the enzyme systems alcohol dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, peroxidase, catalase, esterase, superoxide dismutase, glutamate-dehydrogenase. From the obtained results; no differences in the physiological quality of the coffee seeds or in the enzyme patterns due to the treatments of organic and conventional fertilization were found.
Organic production aims at the balance of agricultural and livestock systems with Nature, not making use of pesticides, which unbalance the ecosystem and eliminate the natural enemies. So, in organic management are utilized different sources of organic matter which result into different nutrition effects and as a consequence, they can affect seed quality, which among several factors, is also related to the existence of oxidative system enzymes. Evaluating changes in the expression pattern of isoenzyme systems in coffee seeds produced in crops conducted under organic management was intended. The experimental design was balanced lattice 4x4 with five replicates in a factorial scheme 3x2x2, plus four additional treatments, in addition to the control produced with conventional fertilization. The factorial corresponds to three sources of organic matter (cattle manure, broiler litter and castor bean meal), with and without plant residue (coffee husks), with and without green manuring with pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan L). Seed quality was evaluated by means of physiological tests and also by electrophoresis of the enzyme systems alcohol dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, peroxidase, catalase, esterase, superoxide dismutase, glutamate-dehydrogenase. From the obtained results; no differences in the physiological quality of the coffee seeds or in the enzyme patterns due to the treatments of organic and conventional fertilization were found.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (7. : 2011 : Araxá, MG). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011
Palavras-chave
Coffea sp., cafeicultura orgânica, isoenzimas, qualidade de sementes., Coffea sp., organic coffee growing, isoenzymes, seed quality.
Citação
Rosa, Stella Dellyzete Veiga Franco da Abreu, Luciana Aparecida de Souza Ferreira, Iara Alves Vilela, Felipe de Lima Pinto, Édila Rezende Vilela Von