Erosão hídrica e compartimentos da matéria orgânica do solo em sistemas cafeeiros conservacionistas e convencionais
Data
2015-07
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Editora UFLA
Resumo
Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar as perdas de solo, água, carbono (C) e nitrogênio (N) e os compartimentos da matéria orgânica do solo (MOS), em sistemas cafeeiros pertencentes ao bioma Mata Atlântica, do sul do Espírito Santo. Foram avaliados quatro agroecossistemas de café: conservacionista 1(Csv1), conservacionista 2 (Csv2), convencional 1 (Conv1), convencional 2 (Conv2) e uma área de Mata Atlântica (Mata). As avaliações das perdas pela erosão hídrica, sob condição de chuva natural, foram realizadas de julho a dezembro de 2012 e 2013. Amostras de solo foram coletadas nas profundidades de 0-10 e 10-20 cm para avaliação dos teores de COT, NT e dos compartimentos da MOS. Os resultados mostraram que a precipitação de 540,8 mm, ocorrida durante os 6 meses de avaliação em 2012, promoveu perdas de água em1110, 2740, 6270 e 5930 mm ha -1 para o Csv1, Csv2, Conv1 e Conv2, respectivamente, já as perdas de solo para esses respectivos sistemas foram de 2,87; 2,85; 152,13 e 21,17 Kg ha -1 . Para precipitação de 669,4 mm, ocorrida durante julho a dezembro de 2013, as perdas totais de água foram de 203, 2900, 4750, 6270 e 8620 mm ha -1 para Mata, Csv1, Csv2, Conv1, Conv2, respectivamente. Sistemas convencionais apresentaram perda média total de 3363 g ha -1 de C e 282 g ha -1 de N, presente no solo erodido de 2012. Os sistemas conservacionistas apresentaram teores de C no compartimento biomassa microbiana 253 vezes superior, em relação aos sistemas convencionais na profundidade 0-10 cm.
This study aimed to evaluate the losses of soil, water, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) and the compartments of soil organic matter (SOM) in coffee systems belonging to the Atlantic Rainforest biome south of state of Espírito Santo. Four coffee agroecosystems were evaluated: conservationist 1 (Csv1), conservationist 2 (Csv2), conventional 1 (Conv1), conventional 2 (conv2) and field of Atlantic Forest (Mata). Evaluations of loss by water erosion under natural rainfall condition were carried from july to december 2012 and 2013. Soil samples were collected at 0-10 and 10-20 cm for evaluation of TOC, NT and compartments of SOM. The results showed that precipitation of 540,8 mm occurred during the 6 month of evaluation in 2012 promoted losses water in 1110, 2740, 6270 and 5930 mm ha -1 for Csv1, Csv2, Conv1 and Conv2, respectively, since soil losses for these respective systems were 2,87; 2,85; 152,13 and 21,17 kg ha -1 . For precipitation of 669,4 mm occurred during july to december 2013 the water total losses were 203, 2900, 4750, 6270 and 8620 mm ha -1 for Mata, Csv1, Csv2, Conv1, Conv2, respectively. Conventional systems showed total average loss of 3363 g C ha -1 and 282 g ha -1 of N in the soil eroded in 2012. Conservationists systems showed C levels of microbial biomass pool 253 times higher compared to conventional systems in the 0-10 cm depth.
This study aimed to evaluate the losses of soil, water, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) and the compartments of soil organic matter (SOM) in coffee systems belonging to the Atlantic Rainforest biome south of state of Espírito Santo. Four coffee agroecosystems were evaluated: conservationist 1 (Csv1), conservationist 2 (Csv2), conventional 1 (Conv1), conventional 2 (conv2) and field of Atlantic Forest (Mata). Evaluations of loss by water erosion under natural rainfall condition were carried from july to december 2012 and 2013. Soil samples were collected at 0-10 and 10-20 cm for evaluation of TOC, NT and compartments of SOM. The results showed that precipitation of 540,8 mm occurred during the 6 month of evaluation in 2012 promoted losses water in 1110, 2740, 6270 and 5930 mm ha -1 for Csv1, Csv2, Conv1 and Conv2, respectively, since soil losses for these respective systems were 2,87; 2,85; 152,13 and 21,17 kg ha -1 . For precipitation of 669,4 mm occurred during july to december 2013 the water total losses were 203, 2900, 4750, 6270 and 8620 mm ha -1 for Mata, Csv1, Csv2, Conv1, Conv2, respectively. Conventional systems showed total average loss of 3363 g C ha -1 and 282 g ha -1 of N in the soil eroded in 2012. Conservationists systems showed C levels of microbial biomass pool 253 times higher compared to conventional systems in the 0-10 cm depth.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cafeicultura, Matéria orgânica do solo, Conservação do solo
Citação
GUIMARÃES, G. P.; ANDRADE, K. C.; MENDONÇA, E. S. Erosão hídrica e compartimentos da matéria orgânica do solo em sistemas cafeeiros conservacionistas e convencionais. Coffee Science, Lavras, v. 10, n. 3, p. 365-374, jul./set. 2015.