Produção do cafeeiro Conilon Vitória sob condições de sequeiro e irrigado em quatro safras
Data
2019-02-27
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Devido à ausência ou irregularidades de precipitação pluviométrica e altas temperaturas, principalmente em períodos críticos de desenvolvimento do cafeeiro, conhecer seu comportamento sob condições irrigadas, torna-se fundamental para garantir uma boa produtividade, rendimento e um produto de melhor qualidade. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se com este estudo, avaliar a produção, o rendimento e o consumo de água dos treze clones da variedade de café Conilon Vitória, em condição irrigada, irrigada com 50% da ETc e sem irrigação, durante quatro safras. O experimento foi instalado no ano de 2013, no Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Alegre, em uma área de 0,42 ha, em esquema de parcela subsubdividida 3 x 13 x 4, sendo nas parcelas o manejo de irrigação em três níveis (irrigado, irrigado com 50% da ETc e sem irrigação), nas subparcelas os clones da variedade Conilon Vitória em treze níveis (V1; V2; V3; V4; V5; V6; V7; V8; V9; V10; V11; V12 e V13) e nas subsubparcelas o fator safra em quatro níveis (2013, 2014, 2015 e 2016) em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Cada parcela experimental foi constituída por cinco plantas úteis. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey para comparações entre o fator manejo e Scott-Knott para comparações entre o fator clone e o fator safra. Houve diferença significativa entre os clones da variedade do café Conilon Vitória para produção, rendimento e consumo de água nos manejos e safras avaliadas. A produtividade média de plantas irrigadas foi cerca de 5; 5,7; 10 e 10,5 vezes a mais que a de plantas sem irrigação, nas safras de 2013, 2014, 2015 e 2016, respectivamente. A produtividade média de plantas irrigadas com 50% da ETc foi cerca de 3,6; 4,3; 7,9 e 7,9 vezes a mais que a de plantas sem irrigação, nas safras de 2013, 2014, 2015 e 2016, respectivamente. O clone V3 apresentou, na média das quatro safras, o maior valor de produtividade para o manejo irrigado e irrigado com 50% ETc. Enquanto que para o manejo sem irrigação, o melhor desempenho foi obtido pelo clone V10. As plantas sob manejo irrigado e irrigado com 50% da ETc apresentaram melhor desempenho nas safras de 2014 e 2016. A irrigação influenciou positivamente no rendimento do cafeeiro. O rendimento entre plantas irrigadas e irrigadas com 50% da ETc não diferiu. Já plantas sem irrigação apresentaram menor rendimento. Os clones V4, V11 e V12, apresentaram na média das quatro safras, o melhor rendimento para o manejo irrigado e irrigado com 50% ETc. Enquanto que para o manejo sem irrigação, o melhor desempenho foi obtido pelo clone V12. Os manejos irrigado e irrigado com 50% da ETc apresentaram maior consumo de água por planta e menor consumo de água por quilo de café beneficiado, nas quatro safras.
Due to the absence or irregularities of rainfall and high temperatures, especially in critical periods of development of the coffee, to know its behavior under irrigated conditions, becomes essential to ensure a good productivity, yield and a product of better quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production, yield and water consumption of the thirteen clones of the Conilon Vitória coffee variety under irrigated conditions, irrigated with 50% of ETc and without irrigation for four harvests. The experiment was installed in 2013, at the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Alegre, in an area of 0.42 ha, in a plot of 3 x 13 x 4 sub-divided plot, with irrigation management in three levels (irrigated, irrigated with 50% of ETc and without irrigation), in the subplots the clones of the Conilon Vitória variety in thirteen levels (V1, V2, V3, V5, V6, V7, V8, V8, V9, V10, V11, V12 and V13 ) and in the sub-subplots the harvest factor in four levels (2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016) in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Each experimental plot consisted of five useful plants. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey test for comparisons between the management factor and Scott-Knott for comparisons between the clone factor and the harvest factor. A significant difference between the clones of the Conilon Vitória coffee crop for the production, yield and water consumption in the managed and harvested crops. The average of irrigated plants was about 5; 5.7; 10 and 10.5 times more than plants without irrigation, in the harvests of 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. The average of plants irrigated with 50% of ETc was about 3.6; 4,3; 7.9 and 7.9 times more than plants without irrigation, in the harvests of 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. Clone V3 presented, in the average of the four harvests, the highest productivity value for the irrigated and irrigated management with 50% ETc. As for the management without irrigation, the best performance was obtained by clone V10. The plants under irrigated and irrigated management with 50% efficiency improve in the harvests of 2014 and 2016. The irrigation positively influences the coffee yield. The yield between irrigated and irrigated plants with 50% ETc did not differ. Already plants without irrigation lower yield. The clones V4, V11 and V12, better in the average of the four harvests, the better yield for the irrigated and irrigated management with 50% ETc. As for the management without irrigation, the best performance was obtained by clone V12.The manures are irrigated and irrigated with 50% of ETc, the highest amount of water per plant and lower water consumption per kilogram of coffee benefited, in the four harvests.
Due to the absence or irregularities of rainfall and high temperatures, especially in critical periods of development of the coffee, to know its behavior under irrigated conditions, becomes essential to ensure a good productivity, yield and a product of better quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production, yield and water consumption of the thirteen clones of the Conilon Vitória coffee variety under irrigated conditions, irrigated with 50% of ETc and without irrigation for four harvests. The experiment was installed in 2013, at the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Alegre, in an area of 0.42 ha, in a plot of 3 x 13 x 4 sub-divided plot, with irrigation management in three levels (irrigated, irrigated with 50% of ETc and without irrigation), in the subplots the clones of the Conilon Vitória variety in thirteen levels (V1, V2, V3, V5, V6, V7, V8, V8, V9, V10, V11, V12 and V13 ) and in the sub-subplots the harvest factor in four levels (2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016) in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Each experimental plot consisted of five useful plants. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey test for comparisons between the management factor and Scott-Knott for comparisons between the clone factor and the harvest factor. A significant difference between the clones of the Conilon Vitória coffee crop for the production, yield and water consumption in the managed and harvested crops. The average of irrigated plants was about 5; 5.7; 10 and 10.5 times more than plants without irrigation, in the harvests of 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. The average of plants irrigated with 50% of ETc was about 3.6; 4,3; 7.9 and 7.9 times more than plants without irrigation, in the harvests of 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. Clone V3 presented, in the average of the four harvests, the highest productivity value for the irrigated and irrigated management with 50% ETc. As for the management without irrigation, the best performance was obtained by clone V10. The plants under irrigated and irrigated management with 50% efficiency improve in the harvests of 2014 and 2016. The irrigation positively influences the coffee yield. The yield between irrigated and irrigated plants with 50% ETc did not differ. Already plants without irrigation lower yield. The clones V4, V11 and V12, better in the average of the four harvests, the better yield for the irrigated and irrigated management with 50% ETc. As for the management without irrigation, the best performance was obtained by clone V12.The manures are irrigated and irrigated with 50% of ETc, the highest amount of water per plant and lower water consumption per kilogram of coffee benefited, in the four harvests.
Descrição
Tese de Doutorado defendida na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.
Palavras-chave
Coffea canephora, déficit hídrico, manejo de irrigação, eficiência do uso da água, produtividade, Coffea canephora, water deficit, irrigation management, water use efficiency, productivity
Citação
PEREIRA, Lucas Rosa. Produção do cafeeiro Conilon Vitória sob condições de sequeiro e irrigado em quatro safras. 2019. 68 f. Tese (Doutorado em Produção Vegetal) - Programa de Pós - Pós Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, 2019.