Identificação e caracterização de peptídeos opioides presentes na fração proteica dos grãos de Coffea arabica
Data
2015-03-27
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Editor
Universidade de Brasília
Resumo
No que diz respeito à cafeicultura e ao processamento dos grãos de café, o conceito de qualidade do produto foi definido sob diferentes aspectos, como, por exemplo, qualidade de produção, níveis de torra, aroma. Acredita-se que muitos dos constituintes do grão influenciam diretamente nas características organolépticas apresentadas pela bebida. Entretanto, pouco se conhece a respeito de quais moléculas estariam desempenhando tais funções, principalmente, em relação a proteínas e peptídeos encontrados no endosperma da semente do café, uma vez que a maioria dos estudos relacionados focam moléculas não protéicas. Alguns peptídeos que são biologicamente ativos, ou seja, bioativos, estão encriptados em proteínas de origem animal e vegetal e podem ser encontrados com a realização de um screening de um banco de dados utilizando parâmetros pré-definidos. Uma das formas de obtenção de peptídeos bioativos é por meio da ingestão de alimentos que contenham proteínas precursoras e que sofram proteólise por enzimas digestivas. No presente trabalho, foi realizada uma avaliação da composição química de Coffea arabica que visou identificar os precursores de qualidade da bebida do café que estivessem associados a proteínas com possíveis sequências de peptídeos opioides como parte de suas estruturas primárias. Para isso foram realizadas análises in silico em bancos de dados internacionais e na base de dados do Genoma Café, buscando peptídeos que apresentassem a região N-terminal (YGG) similar a outros peptídeos opioides. Outra metodologia utilizada foi a digestão do extrato proteico de Coffea arabica var. Acauã com enzimas digestivas, seguido de fracionamento por HPLC e sequenciamento por Espectrometria de Massa. Os peptídeos encontrados estavam encriptados em uma família de proteínas chamada dehidrina. Esses peptídeos, identificados em ambos métodos, foram sintetizados utilizando-se a estratégia Fmoc/t-butila (9-fluorenilmetoxicarbonila) de síntese manual em suporte sólido e tiveram a atividade (opioide) avaliada em modelos in vivo que permitiram determinar suas funções. Os testes utilizados para avaliar a atividade opioide foram o da placa quente e o da retirada da cauda. Foi possível concluir que as metodologias utilizadas para desvendar os peptídeos encriptados mostrou-se ser eficiente, já que todos os peptídeos testados apresentaram atividade antinociceptiva em camundongos.
Regarding to coffee and processing of coffee beans, the product quality concept has been defined in many different ways, for example, production quality, roasting levels, flavor. It is believed that many of the grain constituents directly influence the organoleptic characteristics of the beverage. However, little is known about the molecules performing such functions, especially concerning peptides and proteins found in the endosperm of the coffee seed, since most studies related to this topic focuses on non-protein molecules. Some peptides which are biologically active, ie bioactive, are encrypted in animal or vegetal proteins and can be found by a database screening, using default parameters. One way to obtain bioactive peptides is through the ingestion of foods containing precursor proteins susceptible to proteolysis by digestive enzymes. In the present study, an evaluation of the chemical composition of Coffea arabica was conducted which aimed identifying the coffee beverage quality precursors associated with proteins containing putative sequences of opioid peptides as part of their primary structures. As part of the investigation, in silico analyzes were performed using the international databases and the Coffee Genome database by searching peptides with N-terminal region (YGG) similar to other opioid peptides. Another methodology used was the digestion of protein extract of Coffea arabica var. Acauã with digestive enzymes, followed by HPLC purification and sequencing by Mass Spectrometry. The detected peptides were encrypted in a family of proteins called dehydrin. Those peptides identified in both methods were synthesized by using Fmoc/t-Butyl strategy (9- fluorenilmetoxicarbonila) of manual synthesis on solid support, and their activity (opioid) was evaluated by in vivo models which allowed to determine their roles. The tests used to access the opioid activity were the hot plate and tail flick. It was concluded that the methodologies used to unlock the encrypted peptides have proved to be efficient since all of the tested peptides showed antinociceptive activity in mice.
Regarding to coffee and processing of coffee beans, the product quality concept has been defined in many different ways, for example, production quality, roasting levels, flavor. It is believed that many of the grain constituents directly influence the organoleptic characteristics of the beverage. However, little is known about the molecules performing such functions, especially concerning peptides and proteins found in the endosperm of the coffee seed, since most studies related to this topic focuses on non-protein molecules. Some peptides which are biologically active, ie bioactive, are encrypted in animal or vegetal proteins and can be found by a database screening, using default parameters. One way to obtain bioactive peptides is through the ingestion of foods containing precursor proteins susceptible to proteolysis by digestive enzymes. In the present study, an evaluation of the chemical composition of Coffea arabica was conducted which aimed identifying the coffee beverage quality precursors associated with proteins containing putative sequences of opioid peptides as part of their primary structures. As part of the investigation, in silico analyzes were performed using the international databases and the Coffee Genome database by searching peptides with N-terminal region (YGG) similar to other opioid peptides. Another methodology used was the digestion of protein extract of Coffea arabica var. Acauã with digestive enzymes, followed by HPLC purification and sequencing by Mass Spectrometry. The detected peptides were encrypted in a family of proteins called dehydrin. Those peptides identified in both methods were synthesized by using Fmoc/t-Butyl strategy (9- fluorenilmetoxicarbonila) of manual synthesis on solid support, and their activity (opioid) was evaluated by in vivo models which allowed to determine their roles. The tests used to access the opioid activity were the hot plate and tail flick. It was concluded that the methodologies used to unlock the encrypted peptides have proved to be efficient since all of the tested peptides showed antinociceptive activity in mice.
Descrição
Tese de Doutorado defendida na Universidade de Brasília.
Palavras-chave
Coffea arabica, peptídeos opioides e antinocicepção, Opioide peptides, Antinociception
Citação
VINECK, Felipe. Identificação e caracterização de peptídeos opioides presentes na fração proteica dos grãos de Coffea arabica. 2015. 72 f., il. Tese (Doutorado em Biologia Molecular) - Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2015.