Microclima e crescimento vegetativo do café conilon consorciado com bananeiras
Data
2015-04
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Editor
Editora UFLA
Resumo
O consórcio de café Conilon (Coffea canephora) com bananeira (Musa sp.), vem sendo muito utilizado entre os agricultores. Objetivou-se caracterizar o microclima existente num sistema de consórcio de café Conilon com bananeira e seus efeitos no crescimento do cafeeiro. O café foi plantado com espaçamento de 3,5 x 1,2 m, consorciado com banana subgrupo Terra, com espaçamento 10,5 x 1,5 m, plantados no sentido Leste-Oeste. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo os tratamentos divididos de acordo com a distância entre as bananeiras e a lavoura cafeeira. As avaliações climáticas incluíram a irradiância, temperatura e umidade relativa do ar, em fevereiro (verão) e junho (inverno). Em relação ao cafeeiro, avaliaram-se a concentração de nutrientes foliares, o comprimento dos internódios dos ramos plagiotrópicos e ortotrópicos, área foliar e estimação do teor de clorofilas (a e b e total) dos cafeeiros, no verão e no inverno. A bananeira diminuiu a incidência de radiação e temperatura, ao longo do dia, nos cafeeiros, especialmente naqueles situados mais próximos às bananeiras e, em particular, no período de verão. O sombreamento promovido pela bananeira não foi suficiente para promover alterações morfológicas no cafeeiro. Contudo, os teores foliares de P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, diminuíram principalmente nas plantas situadas a 1,75 m da bananeira. Os valores de clorofila b e total, foram maiores nos cafeeiros situados próximos às bananeiras, no período de inverno.
Intercropping Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) and banana (Musa sp.), has been widely used among farmers. The objective of this work was characterize the existing microclimate in intercropping Conilon coffee and banana and its effects in vegetative growth. The coffee was planted at a spacing of 3.5 x 1.2 m, intercropped with banana subgroup Terra, spacing 10.5 x 1.5 m, planted on the east-west direction. It was used a completely randomized statistical design, with three treatments and four replicates, divided according to the distance between the banana plants and coffee plantation. Measurements included the irradiance, temperature and relative humidity of air, evaluated in February (summer) and June (winter). Regarding the coffee plant, were evaluated the leaf mineral concentration, internodes length of plagiotropic and orthotropic branches, leaf area and estimate of leaf chlorophyll (a, b and total) contents, both in summer and winter. The shading of banana decreased the incidence of radiation and temperature in the coffee trees throughout the day, especially in those plants closer to the banana trees and, particularly, during the summer. The shading promoted by banana was not sufficient to promote morphological changes in the coffee. However, the contents of P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, decreased mainly in the plants located 1.75 m from the banana plant, whereas the values of chlorophyll b and total were higher in coffee plants located near the banana plants in the winter.
Intercropping Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) and banana (Musa sp.), has been widely used among farmers. The objective of this work was characterize the existing microclimate in intercropping Conilon coffee and banana and its effects in vegetative growth. The coffee was planted at a spacing of 3.5 x 1.2 m, intercropped with banana subgroup Terra, spacing 10.5 x 1.5 m, planted on the east-west direction. It was used a completely randomized statistical design, with three treatments and four replicates, divided according to the distance between the banana plants and coffee plantation. Measurements included the irradiance, temperature and relative humidity of air, evaluated in February (summer) and June (winter). Regarding the coffee plant, were evaluated the leaf mineral concentration, internodes length of plagiotropic and orthotropic branches, leaf area and estimate of leaf chlorophyll (a, b and total) contents, both in summer and winter. The shading of banana decreased the incidence of radiation and temperature in the coffee trees throughout the day, especially in those plants closer to the banana trees and, particularly, during the summer. The shading promoted by banana was not sufficient to promote morphological changes in the coffee. However, the contents of P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, decreased mainly in the plants located 1.75 m from the banana plant, whereas the values of chlorophyll b and total were higher in coffee plants located near the banana plants in the winter.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Coffea canephora, Musa sp., Sombreamento, Irradiância
Citação
ARAÚJO, A. V. et al. Microclima e crescimento vegetativo do café conilon consorciado com bananeiras. Coffee Science, Lavras, v. 10, n. 2, p. 214-222, abr./jun. 2015.