Efeito de dose e parcelamento do nitrogênio na flutuação bienal da produção do cafeeiro no cerrado
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2000
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Resumo
O nitrogênio é um dos macronutrientes mais exigidos pelo cafeeiro. A sua utilização é necessária para o cultivo do café nos solos de Cerrado, pois esses solos não têm condições de fornecer o nutriente em quantidades suficientes. Está sendo realizado um experimento em um Latossolo Vermelho na Embrapa Cerrados em Planaltina-DF, com objetivo de definir a dose de nitrogênio que reduza a flutuação anual de produção do cafeeiro em solos de Cerrados. Os tratamentos são constituídos de 200, 400 e 600 kg/ha de N na forma de uréia parcelados em frações de ¼, ½ e ¾ no primeiro ano e em ¾, ½ e ¼ fornecidos no segundo
ano. Foram também acrescidos três tratamentos adicionais: sem nitrogênio, 100 kg N/ha na forma de uréia aplicados no sulco paralelo à projeção da copa e 100 kg N/ha na forma de nitrato de amônio aplicada a lanço perfazendo doze tratamentos dispostos num delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com três repetições. As respostas aos tratamentos serão avaliadas durante quatro anos agrícolas em uma lavoura de café já formada da variedade Mundo Novo IAC 379-19. Determinou-se o rendimento de grãos, teores de nitrogênio nas folhas e grãos, além dos teores foliares de potássio e boro. A aplicação de nitrogênio aumentou em mais de 30% a produção de grãos de café. A aplicação de nitrogênio, apesar de não afetar a concentração de N, K e B nas folhas, aumentou a concentração de nitrogênio no grãos. Até o momento, não houve efeito da aplicação das doses de nitrogênio na flutuação bienal na produção de grãos do cafeeiro.
Nitrogen is largely required by the coffee plant. Its application is necessary to coffee cultivation in Cerrado soils, because these soils can not naturally supply it in the amounts required by the crop. In order to define the nitrogen doses necessary to reduce the annual fluctuation of coffee production in cerrado soils, an experiment is being carried out in a Red Latosol of Embrapa Cerrados in Planaltina-DF, with 12 treatments in a randomized blocks statistical design with three repetitions. The N doses 200, 400 and 600 kg/ha of N in urea form, although treatments 2, 3 and 4 are applied respectively ¼, ½ and ¾ of the doses in the first year, and ¾, ½ and ¼ of the doses on the second year. On the third and fourth year the doses would be repeated as the same as the first and second year, respectively. The experiment consists of three additional treatments: without nitrogen, 100 kg N/ha in form of urea applied in the furrow and in the canopy projection and the doses of 100 kg/ha in form of ammonium nitrate applied handly. Answers to the treatments would be evaluated during four agricultural years in one coffee crop already formed from the variety Mundo Novo IAC-379-19. It was determined the grain coffee yield, concentrations of N on leaves and grain, besides the leaf concentrations of potassium and boron. The application of nitrogen increased in more than 30% the coffee yield. The application of N, did not affected the concentration of N, K and B in coffee leaves, but increased the concentration of N in grain. Up to now, there was no effect of N application on annual fluctuation of coffee yield.
Nitrogen is largely required by the coffee plant. Its application is necessary to coffee cultivation in Cerrado soils, because these soils can not naturally supply it in the amounts required by the crop. In order to define the nitrogen doses necessary to reduce the annual fluctuation of coffee production in cerrado soils, an experiment is being carried out in a Red Latosol of Embrapa Cerrados in Planaltina-DF, with 12 treatments in a randomized blocks statistical design with three repetitions. The N doses 200, 400 and 600 kg/ha of N in urea form, although treatments 2, 3 and 4 are applied respectively ¼, ½ and ¾ of the doses in the first year, and ¾, ½ and ¼ of the doses on the second year. On the third and fourth year the doses would be repeated as the same as the first and second year, respectively. The experiment consists of three additional treatments: without nitrogen, 100 kg N/ha in form of urea applied in the furrow and in the canopy projection and the doses of 100 kg/ha in form of ammonium nitrate applied handly. Answers to the treatments would be evaluated during four agricultural years in one coffee crop already formed from the variety Mundo Novo IAC-379-19. It was determined the grain coffee yield, concentrations of N on leaves and grain, besides the leaf concentrations of potassium and boron. The application of nitrogen increased in more than 30% the coffee yield. The application of N, did not affected the concentration of N, K and B in coffee leaves, but increased the concentration of N in grain. Up to now, there was no effect of N application on annual fluctuation of coffee yield.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (1.: 2000 : Poços de Caldas, MG). Resumos expandidos. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café; Belo Horizonte : Minasplan, 2000. 2v. (1490p.) : il.
Palavras-chave
Café adubação nitrogenada Bienalidade Coffea arabica Cerrado, Coffee Biennal yield Nitrogen fertilization Cerrado
Citação
Sanzonowicz, Cláudio; Sampaio, João Batista Ramos; Nazareno, Rodrigo Barbosa. Efeito de dose e parcelamento do nitrogênio na flutuação bienal da produção do cafeeiro no cerrado. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (1.: 2000 : Poços de Caldas, MG). Resumos expandidos. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café; Belo Horizonte : Minasplan, 2000. 2v. (1490p.), p. 1386-1388.