Utilização de mudas de raízes múltiplas na implantação de lavouras cafeeiras
Data
2008-01
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Editor
Editora UFLA
Resumo
Altas produções do cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.), necessitam de raízes abundantes, profundas, bem ramificadas e ativas fisiologicamente. Devido à complexidade do processo, esse trabalho visou a verificar a influência de raízes múltiplas no crescimento inicial de plantas de três cultivares de cafeeiro, com ou sem a utilização de cobertura morta na linha de plantio. O experimento foi instalado e conduzido na Fazenda Paineira localizada no município de Bom Jesus da Penha - MG. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial (2 x 3 x 2), com dois tipos de mudas (muda com raiz única e muda com raiz múltipla), três cultivares (Paraíso MG 419-1, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 e Catucaí Amarelo 2SL) e pela presença e ausência de cobertura morta na linha de plantio. Avaliou-se a altura das plantas (cm), o diâmetro da base do caule (mm) e o número de ramos plagiotrópicos. Concluiu-se que plantas oriundas de mudas com raízes únicas apresentaram-se um melhor desenvolvimento na fase de implantação da lavoura cafeeira, sendo que das cultivares utilizadas, a Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 foi a mais sensível, apresentando reduções no crescimento em 22,7%, 35,2% e 52,7% para altura de planta, diâmetro de caule e número de ramos plagiotrópicos, respectivamente, quando se utilizou mudas de raízes múltiplas. A utilização de cobertura morta na implantação de lavouras com mudas de raízes múltiplas favoreceu o crescimento em altura em 12,6% comparado com mudas de raízes únicas, porém com menor emissão de ramos plagiotrópicos decisivos para a futura produção.
Higher production of coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.), requires abundant and deeper roots, well branched and physiologically active. However, the root grow system is a complex process, which is affected by many factors. Thus, this work aimed at to study the influence of multiple roots in the initial growth of three coffee cultivars considering the presence and absence of mulch on the planting row. The experiment was carried out at the Paineira Farm in located in the district of Bom Jesus da Penha, MG - Brazil. The experimental design was randomized in blocks with factorial scheme (2 x 3 x 2) of two types of cuttings: single and multiple rooted seedlings, three cultivars: Paraíso MG 491-1, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 and Catucaí Amarelo 2SL and by the presence and absence of mulch on the planting row. The parameters evaluated were the plant height (cm), the stem base diameter (mm) and number of plagiotropic branches. The results showed that plants originated from single roots presented better development in the field during the establishment of the coffee plantation. The cultivar Catuaí IAC 99 was the most sensitive, presenting reductions in the growth of the plant height, stem base diameter and the plagiotropic branches number of 22.7%, 35.2% and 52.7% respectively, when multiple rooted seedlings were considered. The use of mulch during the establishment of the coffee plantation with multiple rooted seedlings increased the growth in height of 12.6% when compared with single rooted seedlings, however with lower emission of plagiotropic branches, which are decisive for future production.
Higher production of coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.), requires abundant and deeper roots, well branched and physiologically active. However, the root grow system is a complex process, which is affected by many factors. Thus, this work aimed at to study the influence of multiple roots in the initial growth of three coffee cultivars considering the presence and absence of mulch on the planting row. The experiment was carried out at the Paineira Farm in located in the district of Bom Jesus da Penha, MG - Brazil. The experimental design was randomized in blocks with factorial scheme (2 x 3 x 2) of two types of cuttings: single and multiple rooted seedlings, three cultivars: Paraíso MG 491-1, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 99 and Catucaí Amarelo 2SL and by the presence and absence of mulch on the planting row. The parameters evaluated were the plant height (cm), the stem base diameter (mm) and number of plagiotropic branches. The results showed that plants originated from single roots presented better development in the field during the establishment of the coffee plantation. The cultivar Catuaí IAC 99 was the most sensitive, presenting reductions in the growth of the plant height, stem base diameter and the plagiotropic branches number of 22.7%, 35.2% and 52.7% respectively, when multiple rooted seedlings were considered. The use of mulch during the establishment of the coffee plantation with multiple rooted seedlings increased the growth in height of 12.6% when compared with single rooted seedlings, however with lower emission of plagiotropic branches, which are decisive for future production.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Sistema radicular, Coffea arabica
Citação
CARVALHO, A. M. et al. Utilização de mudas de raízes múltiplas na implantação de lavouras cafeeiras . Coffee Science, Lavras, v. 4, n. 1, p. 76-83, jan./jun. 2009.