Avaliação de genótipos dos cafeeiros arábica e robusta no Estado do Acre
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2005
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Introduzir e avaliar genótipos das espécies C. arabica e C. canephora nas condições edafoclimáticas do Acre foi o objetivo deste trabalho e teve como finalidade principal disponibilizar aos cafeicultores cultivares com potencialidade produtiva superior às cultivares locais, observando-se ainda possíveis resistência ou tolerância às pragas e doenças. Avaliou-se o comportamento de 40 genótipos de cafeeiros. Da primeira espécie foram avaliados genótipos de Icatu, Catuaí, Bourbon e Mundo Novo e da segunda Conilon e Robusta. Os genótipos utilizados foram provenientes basicamente do Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC) e da Embrapa Rondônia. O experimento foi conduzido no campo experimental da Embrapa Acre, Rio Branco, AC, no período de 1995 a 2004, num delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com 5 repetições. As características estudadas foram: produtividade, altura, diâmetro da copa e vigor. Da espécie C. arabica, grupo Icatu, o melhor genótipo foi Icatu-PR-182039-1(IAC H 4782-7-788) com uma produtividade média de café limpo de 34 sc/ ha, e em seguida vieram os genótipos Icatu IAC-3795, Icatu IAC-4046, Icatu IAC-4040, Icatu IAC-2944-MT, Icatu IAC-2945 e Icatu IAC-4041 com produtividade variando de 20 a 26 sacas. Para o grupo Catuaí os melhores genótipos foram Obatã IAC 4275, Obatã IAC 1169 e Catimor IAC 4466 com uma produtividade média de café limpo de 49, 45 e 37 sacas por hectare respectivamente. Em ambos os grupos observou-se ataque moderado de Pellicularia koleroga. De uma maneira geral o grupo Icatu apresentou menor incidência de seca dos ponteiros e ramos na época da colheita. Não ocorreu a presença da ferrugem (Hemileia vastatrix) em ambos os grupos. Da Segunda espécie foram avaliados 8 genótipos de conilon e robusta não havendo diferença entre eles quanto à produtividade, embora esta tenha variado entre 24 para o genótipo Conilon(Região) e 31 sacas por hectare para o Conilon IAC 66-3. Neste grupo houve a ocorrência de broca (Hypothenemus hampei) e a maioria dos genótipos apresentaram sintomas de deficiência hídrica na época seca (julho/agosto).
This study aimed to introduce and evaluate genotypes of C. arabica e C. canephora species in soil and weather conditions of Acre and had as main goal to provide cultivars to coffee producers with potential of production superior to local cultivars, taking into account possible resistance or tolerance to diseases and pests. It was evaluated the development of 40 coffee genotypes. It was evaluated the genotypes Icatu, Catuaí, Bourbon and Mundo Novo of the first specie and genotypes Conilon and Robusta from the second one. The genotypes were originated from Campinas Agronomic Institute (IAC) and Embrapa Rondônia. The study was run in the experimental field of Embrapa Acre, Rio Branco, AC during 1995 to 2004 following a randomized block design, with 5 replicates. It was studied characteristics such as yield, height, plant diameter and vigor. The best genotype from C. arabica species, Icatu group, was Icatu-PR-182039-1(IAC H 4782-7-788), with yield of 34 sacks/ha of clean coffee; after that there were Icatu IAC-3795, Icatu IAC-4046, Icatu IAC-4040, Icatu IAC-2944-MT, Icatu IAC-2945 and Icatu IAC-4041 genotypes with mean yeld from 20 to 26 sacks. For Catuai group, the best genotypes were Obatã IAC 4275, Obatã IAC 1169 e Catimor IAC 4466 whit mean yield of 49, 45 e 37 sacks per hectare respectively of clean coffee. In both groups it was observed moderate attack of Pellicularia koleroga In general, Icatu group showed less incidence of die-back and branch on harvest time. It was not observed presence of rust (Hemileia vastatrix) on none of the groups. It was also evaluated eight genotypes of conilon and robusta of the second species which did not show significant difference between them in respect to yield, although it was observed variation of 24 sacks/ha of Conilon (Region) genotype to 31 sacks/ha of Conilon IAC 66-3. In this group it was noted occurrence of Hypothenemus hampei and most of the genotypes showed drought stress during dry season (July/August).
This study aimed to introduce and evaluate genotypes of C. arabica e C. canephora species in soil and weather conditions of Acre and had as main goal to provide cultivars to coffee producers with potential of production superior to local cultivars, taking into account possible resistance or tolerance to diseases and pests. It was evaluated the development of 40 coffee genotypes. It was evaluated the genotypes Icatu, Catuaí, Bourbon and Mundo Novo of the first specie and genotypes Conilon and Robusta from the second one. The genotypes were originated from Campinas Agronomic Institute (IAC) and Embrapa Rondônia. The study was run in the experimental field of Embrapa Acre, Rio Branco, AC during 1995 to 2004 following a randomized block design, with 5 replicates. It was studied characteristics such as yield, height, plant diameter and vigor. The best genotype from C. arabica species, Icatu group, was Icatu-PR-182039-1(IAC H 4782-7-788), with yield of 34 sacks/ha of clean coffee; after that there were Icatu IAC-3795, Icatu IAC-4046, Icatu IAC-4040, Icatu IAC-2944-MT, Icatu IAC-2945 and Icatu IAC-4041 genotypes with mean yeld from 20 to 26 sacks. For Catuai group, the best genotypes were Obatã IAC 4275, Obatã IAC 1169 e Catimor IAC 4466 whit mean yield of 49, 45 e 37 sacks per hectare respectively of clean coffee. In both groups it was observed moderate attack of Pellicularia koleroga In general, Icatu group showed less incidence of die-back and branch on harvest time. It was not observed presence of rust (Hemileia vastatrix) on none of the groups. It was also evaluated eight genotypes of conilon and robusta of the second species which did not show significant difference between them in respect to yield, although it was observed variation of 24 sacks/ha of Conilon (Region) genotype to 31 sacks/ha of Conilon IAC 66-3. In this group it was noted occurrence of Hypothenemus hampei and most of the genotypes showed drought stress during dry season (July/August).
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (4. : 2005 : Londrina, PR). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2005.
Palavras-chave
Café Produtividade Coffea arabica Coffea canephora, Coffee Yield Coffea arabica Coffea canephora
Citação
Bergo, Celso Luis; Pereira, Rita de Cássia Alves; Sales, Francisco. Avaliação de genótipos dos cafeeiros arábica e robusta no Estado do Acre. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (4. : Londrina, PR : 2005). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa - Café, 2005. (1 CD-ROM), 5p.