Diversidade de leveduras endofíticas e epifíticas em frutos de café cereja (Coffea arabica L.) e sucessão durante a seca natural
Nenhuma Miniatura Disponível
Data
2009
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
A diversidade de leveduras endofíticas e epifíticas em frutos de café cereja das cultivares Catuaí Vermelho, Catuaí Amarelo, Bourbon Vermelho e Bourbon Amarelo em lavouras situadas a diferentes altitudes na Zona da Mata Norte em Minas Gerais, Brasil, foi estudada por metodologias dependentes e independentes de cultivo. A densidade de leveduras epifíticas e endofíticas em frutos de café é variável, menos de 25 UFC.fruto-1 a 6,5 x 104 UFC.fruto-1. As 36 leveduras isoladas foram agrupadas em doze morfotipos e a árvore filogenética reconstruída com dados de sequências de bases de rDNA 26S mostrou o agrupamento com as sequências de Candida smithsonii, Pichia guilliermondii, Cryptococcus flavescens, Meira geulakonigii, Pseudozyma sp e Sporobolomyces sp., já depositadas no National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). O isolado LEM 647-9, proveniente de Bourbon Vermelho, 1101 m, foi o único com identidade correspondente a Meira geulakonigii, um fungo yeast-like classificado em Ustilaginales, a mesma ordem de Pseudozyma. A ocorrência de um só morfotipo de leveduras endofíticas cultiváveis em Malt yeast glucose peptone medium (MYGP), contendo cloranfenicol, em apenas 4 amostras de café cereja é considerada baixa. As endofíticas foram identificadas com base no perfil de ésteres metílicos de ácidos graxos (FAME), pelo sistema de identificação Sherlock® (MIDI), e por análise filogenética de sequências de rDNA 26S. As sequencias parciais de rDNA destes isolados mostraram identidade entre 96 e 100 % com as correspondentes a Candida, Pichia e Brettanomyces. Pela análise filogenética a maior identidade foi com Candida e Pichia. A constatação de C. diddensiae P. guilliermondii e C. parapsilosis como endofíticas em frutos de café sadios no estádio cereja se configura como relato novo sobre nicho de ocorrência das espécies. Clones de uma biblioteca de rDNA 26S obtida por amplificação de DNA metagenômico de frutos cereja da C.Vermelho, coletada a 1189 m, foram sequenciados. Doze clones mostraram 98-99% de identidade com rDNAs de fungos filamentosos. Estes correspondem a Mycosphaerella, Glomerella, Microdiplodia e Phaeophaeria e a alguns fungos filamentosos potencialmente endofíticos e ainda não identificados, cujas sequências estão presentes no GenBank. A DGGE da sucessão de leveduras associadas aos grãos de C. arabica durante os 14 dias do período de secagem natural no terreiro de cimento revelou UTOs dominantes já nos 4 primeiros dias. A análise com o programa GelCompar II® demonstrou que o perfil de UTOs da comunidade é alterado a cada dois dias, até o 12º dia de secagem. A determinação de ocorrência e diversidade de leveduras endofíticas nos frutos de café cereja se constitui em etapa fundamental para identificar a síntese de metabólitos produzidos por esses microrganismos e para desenvolver processo biotecnológico que assegure a qualidade superior da bebida do café.
Diversity among endophytic and epiphytic yeasts in coffee cherries (Coffea arabica L.) from the cultivars Catuaí Vermelho, Catuaí Amarelo, Bourbon Vermelho, and Bourbon Amarelo, sampled from plantations located at different altitudes in the Zona da Mata Norte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, were studied using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Density of epiphytic and endophitic yeasts in coffee cherries varied from less than 25 CFU. cherries-1 to 6,5.104 CFU.cherries-1. Thirty six isolated yeasts were grouped in 12 morphotypes. The reconstructed phylogenetic tree, obtained with 26S rDNA sequence data, grouped the sequences with those of Candida smithsonii, Pichia guilliermondii, Cryptococcus flavescens, Meira geulakonigii, Pseudozyma sp and Sporobolomyces sp. present in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. The isolate LEM 647-9, from Bourbon Vermelho collected at 1101 m, was identified as Meira geulakonigii, a yeast-like fungus classified among the Ustilaginales, the same order of Pseudozyma. Five yeast colonies of the same morphotype were selected and identified using the fatty acid methyl ester profiling (FAME) by the Sherlock® identification system (MIDI). The isolates were phylogenetically clustered using 26S rDNA sequences analyses. Partial 26S rDNA sequences showed 96 % and 100 % similarity to rDNA from yeast species belonging to Candida, Pichia, and Brettanomyces. However, phylogenetic cluster analyses showed that the rDNA sequences from the isolates were more closely related to rDNA sequences from the genera Candida and Pichia. The presence of C. diddensiae, P. guilliermondii e C. parapsilosis as endophytes in wholesome coffee cherries is reported here and thus a new niche for these species. Sequencing of clones obtained from a 26S rDNA library of amplified metagenomic DNA from Catuaí Vermelho coffee cherries, collected at 1189 m, yielded 12 clones with 98-99% identity with filamentous fungi. They corresponded to the genera Mycosphaerella, Glomerella, Microdiplodia e Phaeophaeria, and also to some potentially endophytic fungi yet to be identified and that have sequences already in GenBank. DGGE fingerprint of yeasts in C. arabica during 14 days of natural drying revealed dominant OTUs already in the four first days. GelComparII analysis demonstrated that the OTU profile is altered each two days up to the 12th day. Knowledge on the occurrence and diversity of endophytic yeasts, as well as on the secondary metabolites that they produce should contribute to the development of biotechnological processes aimed at improving the quality of coffee beverages.
Diversity among endophytic and epiphytic yeasts in coffee cherries (Coffea arabica L.) from the cultivars Catuaí Vermelho, Catuaí Amarelo, Bourbon Vermelho, and Bourbon Amarelo, sampled from plantations located at different altitudes in the Zona da Mata Norte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, were studied using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Density of epiphytic and endophitic yeasts in coffee cherries varied from less than 25 CFU. cherries-1 to 6,5.104 CFU.cherries-1. Thirty six isolated yeasts were grouped in 12 morphotypes. The reconstructed phylogenetic tree, obtained with 26S rDNA sequence data, grouped the sequences with those of Candida smithsonii, Pichia guilliermondii, Cryptococcus flavescens, Meira geulakonigii, Pseudozyma sp and Sporobolomyces sp. present in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. The isolate LEM 647-9, from Bourbon Vermelho collected at 1101 m, was identified as Meira geulakonigii, a yeast-like fungus classified among the Ustilaginales, the same order of Pseudozyma. Five yeast colonies of the same morphotype were selected and identified using the fatty acid methyl ester profiling (FAME) by the Sherlock® identification system (MIDI). The isolates were phylogenetically clustered using 26S rDNA sequences analyses. Partial 26S rDNA sequences showed 96 % and 100 % similarity to rDNA from yeast species belonging to Candida, Pichia, and Brettanomyces. However, phylogenetic cluster analyses showed that the rDNA sequences from the isolates were more closely related to rDNA sequences from the genera Candida and Pichia. The presence of C. diddensiae, P. guilliermondii e C. parapsilosis as endophytes in wholesome coffee cherries is reported here and thus a new niche for these species. Sequencing of clones obtained from a 26S rDNA library of amplified metagenomic DNA from Catuaí Vermelho coffee cherries, collected at 1189 m, yielded 12 clones with 98-99% identity with filamentous fungi. They corresponded to the genera Mycosphaerella, Glomerella, Microdiplodia e Phaeophaeria, and also to some potentially endophytic fungi yet to be identified and that have sequences already in GenBank. DGGE fingerprint of yeasts in C. arabica during 14 days of natural drying revealed dominant OTUs already in the four first days. GelComparII analysis demonstrated that the OTU profile is altered each two days up to the 12th day. Knowledge on the occurrence and diversity of endophytic yeasts, as well as on the secondary metabolites that they produce should contribute to the development of biotechnological processes aimed at improving the quality of coffee beverages.
Descrição
Tese de Doutorado defendida na Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Palavras-chave
Diversidade microbiana; Ecologia microbiana; DGGE de endofíticos;, Microbial diversity; Microbial ecology; Endophytic DGGE;
Citação
Vale, Helson Mário Martins do. Diversidade de leveduras endofíticas e epifíticas em frutos de café cereja (Coffea arabica L.) e sucessão durante a seca natural. Viçosa : UFV, 2009. 71 f. : il. (Tese - Doutorado em Microbiologia Agrícola) Orientador: Arnaldo Chaer Borges. T 630.276 V149d 2009