EFEITO DO GENÓTIPO E DE MEIO DE CULTURA NA RESPOSTA À EMBRIOGÊNESE SOMÁTICA EM PLANTAS MATRIZES DE COFFEA
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Data
2009
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Resumo
Foram estudados 12 genótipos de Coffea com o objetivo de produzir clones de plantas matrizes via embriogênese somática: 11 plantas matrizes da espécie C. canephora e uma de C. arabica, IAC 2008 (planta 12). Foram inoculados cerca de 1.025 explantes, testados em três meios de cultivo iniciais: “M”, “Cz” e “JB”. Calos obtidos em meio “M” foram transferidos para meio “C, o qual favorece a indução de embriões; calos embriogênicos obtidos no meio “JB” e “Cz” foram transferidos para o meio “MM” para fins de multiplicação. Verificou-se um efeito tanto do meio de cultura quanto do genótipo. No meio “M” todos os genótipos produziram calos claros, não embriogênicos. No meio “Cz”, 9 das 12 plantas apresentaram embriogênese direta, sendo que as plantas 1, 3 e 9 foram exceções. Já no meio “JB” os explantes produziram calos claros, típicos de meio “M”, com exceção das plantas 1, 3, 5, e 9, que produziram calos de cor creme. As plantas 4, 5, 8 e 11 consideradas embriogênicas responsivas em meio “Cz”, tiveram uma resposta dos explantes próxima ou igual a 100% de indução de embriões, enquanto as plantas 2, 6, 7, 10 e 12 formaram embriões em uma taxa próxima de 50% e as plantas 1, 3 e 9 produziram apenas calos de cor creme, sendo consideradas como não responsivas, ou recalcitrantes. Explantes das plantas 6 e 10, além de produzirem embriões, produziram calos claros de natureza embriogênica; após serem transferidos para meio “C”, estes formaram embriões. O meio “Cz” induziu embriogênese com maior freqüência.
Twelve special coffee (Coffea) mother plants were subjected to somatic embryogenesis studies in order to clone them. Eleven were from C. canephora and one from C. arabica, the IAC 2008 (plant no. 12). Over 1.025 leaf explants were inoculated in three different media: “M”, “Cz” and “JB”. White and non-embryogenic calli were obtained from medium “M”, which were transferred to the “C” medium for embryogenesis induction. Furtherly, embryogenic calli obtained in media “JB” or “Cz” where transferred to “MM” medium for increasing purposes. Genotype and medium were observed to affect the somatic embryogenesis response. Direct somatic embryogenesis was obtained with medium “Cz” in 9 from the 12 plants, but plants no. 1, 3 and 9 did not respond as such. Cream color calli were produced in medium “JB” for plants no. 1, 3, 5, and 9, but clear calli were produced by the other plants instead. Thus, plants no. 4, 5, 8 and 11 were considered as embryogenic responsive in medium “Cz”, because almost 100% of their explants were embryogenic, while explants from 2, 6, 7, 10 and 12 had a 50% rate and plants 1, 3 and 9 were not embryo responsive (recalcitrant), producing cream calli only. Besides embryos, explants from plants 6 and 10, produced clear calli of embryogenic nature because they generated embryos soon after transferred to the “C” medium. The “Cz” medium induced higher frequency of somatic embryogenesis than “JB”.
Twelve special coffee (Coffea) mother plants were subjected to somatic embryogenesis studies in order to clone them. Eleven were from C. canephora and one from C. arabica, the IAC 2008 (plant no. 12). Over 1.025 leaf explants were inoculated in three different media: “M”, “Cz” and “JB”. White and non-embryogenic calli were obtained from medium “M”, which were transferred to the “C” medium for embryogenesis induction. Furtherly, embryogenic calli obtained in media “JB” or “Cz” where transferred to “MM” medium for increasing purposes. Genotype and medium were observed to affect the somatic embryogenesis response. Direct somatic embryogenesis was obtained with medium “Cz” in 9 from the 12 plants, but plants no. 1, 3 and 9 did not respond as such. Cream color calli were produced in medium “JB” for plants no. 1, 3, 5, and 9, but clear calli were produced by the other plants instead. Thus, plants no. 4, 5, 8 and 11 were considered as embryogenic responsive in medium “Cz”, because almost 100% of their explants were embryogenic, while explants from 2, 6, 7, 10 and 12 had a 50% rate and plants 1, 3 and 9 were not embryo responsive (recalcitrant), producing cream calli only. Besides embryos, explants from plants 6 and 10, produced clear calli of embryogenic nature because they generated embryos soon after transferred to the “C” medium. The “Cz” medium induced higher frequency of somatic embryogenesis than “JB”.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011
Palavras-chave
Embriogênese somática, café, genótipos, hormônios, plantas matrizes., Somatic embryogenesis, coffee, genotype, hormones, mother plants.
Citação
Purchatti, Camila Lopes; Gonçalves, Wallace; Ramos, Luis Carlos da Silva. Efeito do genótipo e de meio de cultura na resposta à embriogênese somática em plantas de matrizes Coffea. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011 (1 CD-ROM), 5p.