Adubação para primeiro ano pós-plantio (N e K2O) de cafeeiros fertirrigados na região sul de Minas Gerais
Data
2010-05
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Editora UFLA
Resumo
A cafeicultura irrigada ocupa cerca de 10% da área total plantada e é responsável por 25% da produção anual brasileira. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses e parcelamentos da adubação com N e K2O, aplicada via fertirrigação por um sistema de gotejamento, sobre o crescimento e teores foliares de N e K de cafeeiros (Coffea arabica L.), durante o primeiro ano de adubação pós-plantio da lavoura. A cultivar utilizada foi a Catiguá MG-3, no espaçamento de 2,50 m x 0,6 m. Os tratamentos constaram de combinações de cinco doses de adubação de N e K2O (i) 70%, (ii) 100%, (iii) 130%, (iv)160% e (v) 190% do recomendado para cafeeiros não irrigados) e dois parcelamentos ((i) quatro e (ii) doze aplicações) e uma testemunha não irrigada e adubada em quatro aplicações de N e K2O na época das águas. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, quatro repetições, em esquema de parcelas subdividas. As parcelas foram compostas pelos parcelamentos e as subparcelas pelas doses. Cada subparcela constou de 10 plantas, sendo oito úteis. O crescimento das plantas (alturas e diâmetros de copa e caule) foi superior no parcelamento de doze aplicações e não diferenciaram quanto às doses aplicadas via fertirrigação, mas foi inferior na testemunha não irrigada. Para lavouras cafeeiras fertirrigadas no sul de Minas Gerais, deve-se reduzir para 70% a dose de N e K2O atualmente recomendada para lavouras de sequeiro.
Irrigated coffee production represents approximately 10% of the total area planted with coffee and 25% of Brazil’s annual production of the crop. This study aimed at determining the effects of different doses and splittings of N and K2O fertilization, applied via drip fertirrigation, on growth and leaf N and K concentrations in the first year of fertilization after planting. The cultivar Catiguá MG-3 was used in a 2.50 m x 0.6 m spacing. Treatments consisted of combinations of five doses of N and K2O fertilizer ((i) 70%, (ii) 100%, (iii) 130%, (iv)160%, and (v) 190% of the recommended dose for non-irrigated coffee), two split applications ((i) four and (ii) twelve applications) and a non-irrigated control treatment that received 100% of the recommended dose in four applications during the rainy season. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with four replications in split-plots. Plots were constituted by different splitting managements and split–plots by different doses. In each split-plot eight plants, from a total of ten, were sampled. Plant growth (plant height, stem and crown diameter) was higher in the treatments that received twelve fertilizer applications and did not vary according to the fertirrigation doses, but was lower in the non-irrigated control treatment. In fertirrigated coffee fields in the southern region of Minas Gerais state, N and K2O doses should be reduced to 70% of the amount usually recommended for non-irrigated coffee, providing that twelve monthly applications are done.
Irrigated coffee production represents approximately 10% of the total area planted with coffee and 25% of Brazil’s annual production of the crop. This study aimed at determining the effects of different doses and splittings of N and K2O fertilization, applied via drip fertirrigation, on growth and leaf N and K concentrations in the first year of fertilization after planting. The cultivar Catiguá MG-3 was used in a 2.50 m x 0.6 m spacing. Treatments consisted of combinations of five doses of N and K2O fertilizer ((i) 70%, (ii) 100%, (iii) 130%, (iv)160%, and (v) 190% of the recommended dose for non-irrigated coffee), two split applications ((i) four and (ii) twelve applications) and a non-irrigated control treatment that received 100% of the recommended dose in four applications during the rainy season. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with four replications in split-plots. Plots were constituted by different splitting managements and split–plots by different doses. In each split-plot eight plants, from a total of ten, were sampled. Plant growth (plant height, stem and crown diameter) was higher in the treatments that received twelve fertilizer applications and did not vary according to the fertirrigation doses, but was lower in the non-irrigated control treatment. In fertirrigated coffee fields in the southern region of Minas Gerais state, N and K2O doses should be reduced to 70% of the amount usually recommended for non-irrigated coffee, providing that twelve monthly applications are done.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fertirrigação, Nutrientes
Citação
GUIMARÃES, R. J. et. al. Adubação para primeiro ano pós-plantio (N e K2O) de cafeeiros fertirrigados na região sul de Minas Gerais. Coffee Science, Lavras, v. 5, n. 2, p. 137-147, maio/ago. 2010.