Seletividade de acaricidas usados em cafeeiro para Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)
Data
2009-02-16
Autores
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
Os crisopídeos são encontrados naturalmente no agroecossistema cafeeiro, sendo importantes na regulação populacional de insetos e ácaros-praga. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a seletividade fisiológica de acaricidas utilizados na cultura cafeeira para ovos, larvas, pré-pupas e adultos de Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) e reflexos nas fases subsequentes do seu desenvolvimento. Os acaricidas foram: espirodiclofeno (Envidor – 0,12 g i.a./L), fenpropatrina (Meothrin 300 – 0,15 e 0,30 g i.a./L), enxofre (Thiovit Sandoz – 4,0 e 8,0 g i.a./L), abamectina (Vertimec 18 EC – 0,0067 e 0,0225 g i.a./L) e testemunha (água). As pulverizações dos compostos foram realizadas diretamente sobre o crisopídeo por meio de torre de Potter. Após a pulverização, os espécimes foram mantidos em câmara climática, a 25±2 o C, UR de 70±10% e fotofase de 12 horas. Avaliaram-se duração, viabilidade dos ovos e sobrevivência das larvas, pré- pupas e adultos, e viabilidade dos ovos produzidos pelos adultos provenientes dos insetos tratados. Cada produto foi enquadrado em classes de toxicidade conforme escala proposta pela IOBC. Fenpropatrina (0,3 g i.a./L) foi nocivo; fenpropatrina (0,15 g i.a./L), espirodiclofeno, enxofre e abamectina foram moderadamente nocivos aos ovos do predador. Para larvas, fenpropatrina foi nocivo; espirodiclofeno e abamectina moderadamente nocivos e enxofre foi levemente nocivo a C. externa. Quanto aos adultos, fenpropatrina foi nocivo; espirodiclofeno, abamectina e enxofre (8,0 g i.a./L) moderadamente nocivos e enxofre (4,0 g i.a./L) foi levemente nocivo. Em função da baixa toxicidade para larvas, pré-pupas e adultos, enxofre (4,0 g i.a./L) pode ser recomendado em programas de manejo de pragas do cafeeiro, visando à conservação dessa espécie de predador.
The green lacewings are found naturally in coffee agroecosystem with important function in regulating stock-pest insects and mites. In this study the physiological selectivity of acaricides used in coffee’s crop for eggs, larvae, pre- pupae and adults of Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) and reflected in subsequent stages of its development were evaluated. The treatments were: control (water), spirodiclofen (Envidor - 0.12 g a.i./L), fenpropathrin (Meothrin 300 - 0.15 and 0.30 g a.i./L), sulphur (Thiovit Sandoz - 4.0 and 8.0 g a.i./L) and abamectin (Vertimec 18 CE - 0.0067 and 0.0225 g a.i./L). The sprayings were accomplished directly on the green lacewing using a Potter’s tower. After spraying, specimens were maintained in climatic chambers at 25±2 o C, RH of 70±10% and 12 hour photophase. The duration, egg viability and survival rate of the larvae, pre-pupae and adults stages and survival rate of the eggs produced by the emerged adults from the insects treated were evaluated. The pesticides were classified according to IOBC proposed scale. Fenpropathrin (0.3 g a.i./L) was harmful; fenpropathrin (0.15 g a.i./L) was moderately harmful, and spirodiclofen, sulphur and abamectin were moderately harmful to the eggs of this predator. In the larval stage, fenpropathrin was harmful; spirodiclofen and abamectin were moderately harmful, and sulphur was slightly harmful to C. externa. For adults, fenpropathrin was harmful; spirodiclofen, abamectin and sulphur (8.0 g a.i./L) were moderately harmful, and sulphur (4.0 g a.i./L) proved to be slightly harmful. In function of low toxicity to larvae, pre-pupae and adults by sulphur (4.0 g a.i./L), this compound can be recommended for pest management programs of coffee to promote the conservation of this species of predator.
The green lacewings are found naturally in coffee agroecosystem with important function in regulating stock-pest insects and mites. In this study the physiological selectivity of acaricides used in coffee’s crop for eggs, larvae, pre- pupae and adults of Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) and reflected in subsequent stages of its development were evaluated. The treatments were: control (water), spirodiclofen (Envidor - 0.12 g a.i./L), fenpropathrin (Meothrin 300 - 0.15 and 0.30 g a.i./L), sulphur (Thiovit Sandoz - 4.0 and 8.0 g a.i./L) and abamectin (Vertimec 18 CE - 0.0067 and 0.0225 g a.i./L). The sprayings were accomplished directly on the green lacewing using a Potter’s tower. After spraying, specimens were maintained in climatic chambers at 25±2 o C, RH of 70±10% and 12 hour photophase. The duration, egg viability and survival rate of the larvae, pre-pupae and adults stages and survival rate of the eggs produced by the emerged adults from the insects treated were evaluated. The pesticides were classified according to IOBC proposed scale. Fenpropathrin (0.3 g a.i./L) was harmful; fenpropathrin (0.15 g a.i./L) was moderately harmful, and spirodiclofen, sulphur and abamectin were moderately harmful to the eggs of this predator. In the larval stage, fenpropathrin was harmful; spirodiclofen and abamectin were moderately harmful, and sulphur was slightly harmful to C. externa. For adults, fenpropathrin was harmful; spirodiclofen, abamectin and sulphur (8.0 g a.i./L) were moderately harmful, and sulphur (4.0 g a.i./L) proved to be slightly harmful. In function of low toxicity to larvae, pre-pupae and adults by sulphur (4.0 g a.i./L), this compound can be recommended for pest management programs of coffee to promote the conservation of this species of predator.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
Palavras-chave
Chrysoperla externa, Coffea arabica, Seletividade, Controle biológico, Acaricidas, Brevipalpus phoenicis, Oligonychus ilicis
Citação
VILELA, M. Seletividade de acaricidas usados em cafeeiro para Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). 2009. 67 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia/ Entomologia) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras. 2009.