Estudo da adsorção de Cu(II) utilizando biocarvões de palha de café conilon
Data
2018-02
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Dentre as várias formas de contaminação do meio ambiente, a contaminação da água com metais pesados é uma das que tem trazido maior preocupação aos pesquisadores e aos órgãos governamentais envolvidos no controle de poluição. Diversos pesquisadores têm desenvolvido pesquisas sobre a adsorção de íons metálicos por biocarvões, sendo este definido como um produto obtido do tratamento térmico de materiais orgânicos realizado em condições de baixa concentração de oxigênio e em temperaturas que variam de 350oC a 1000oC, pelo processo conhecido como pirólise. Neste trabalho, biocarvões foram produzidos a partir da palha do café (Coffea canephora), uma vez que o café é o produto agrícola de maior expansão no Brasil. Foram empregadas duas temperaturas de síntese (350 e 600oC), em duas atmosferas diferentes, sendo uma delas na presença de N2 . Além disso, investigou-se o uso da palha de café pirolisada como adsorvente de íons Cu2+ em solução aquosa. O material obtido foi caracterizado pela metodologia proposta por Boehm, Espectroscopia de Infravermelho (FTIR), determinação do Ponto de Carga Zero, densidade aparente e teor de cinzas. Para investigar a eficiência na adsorção dos íons Cu2+ , avaliou-se a influência do tempo de contato entre adsorvente e adsorbato. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que a temperatura e o uso de atmosfera modificada com N2 no processo de pirólise influencia diretamente as características superficiais dos biocarvões provenientes da palha de café conilon. Observou-se a decomposição de grupos funcionais superficiais de caráter ácido, provocado pelo aumento da temperatura de pirólise, contribuindo com o aumento do PCZ e pH devido a maior basicidade do biocarvão. A presença de N2 na pirólise pode ter contribuído com a perda de diversidade química superficial dos biocarvões, permitindo uma melhor calcinação da matéria-prima. Os biocarvões pirolisados a 600oC se mostraram mais eficientes na adsorção de íons Cu2+ do que biocarvões pirolisados com temperatura menor, mostrando ser um material eficiente para a remoção de metais pesados em solução aquosa.
Among the various forms of environmental pollution, water pollution with heavy metals is a concern for researchers and government agencies involved in pollution control. Several researches on the adsorption of metal ions by biochar has been developed, which is defined as a product obtained from the thermal treatment of organic materials carried out under conditions of low oxygen concentration and at temperatures ranging from 350oC to 1000oC, by the process known as pyrolysis . In this study, biochar were produced from coffee grounds (Coffeacanephora), since coffee is the most produced agricultural product in Brazil. Two synthesis temperatures (350 and 600oC) were used in two different atmospheres, one of them in the presence of N2 . Furthermore, the use of the pyrolysed coffee grounds as an adsorbent of Cu2+ ions in aqueous solution was investigated. The material obtained was characterized by the methodology proposed by Boehm, Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Zero Load Point determination, apparent density and ash content. In order to investigate the adsorption efficiency of Cu2+ ions, the influence of the contact time between adsorbent and adsorbate was evaluated. The results obtained allowed to conclude that the temperature and the use of N2 – in a modified atmosphere in the pyrolysis process directly influence the surface characteristics of biochar from the Conilon coffee ground. It was observed the decomposition of surface functional groups of acid character, due to the increase of the pyrolysis temperature, contributing with the increase of the PCZ and pH due to the greater basicity of the biochar. The presence of N2 in the pyrolysis may have contributed to the loss of the superficial chemical diversity of the biochar, allowing a better calcination of the raw material. The pyrolyzed biochar at 600oC were more efficient in the adsorption of Cu2+ ions when compared to the pyrolysed biochar with low temperature, thus showing to be an efficient material for the removal of heavy metals in aqueous solution.
Among the various forms of environmental pollution, water pollution with heavy metals is a concern for researchers and government agencies involved in pollution control. Several researches on the adsorption of metal ions by biochar has been developed, which is defined as a product obtained from the thermal treatment of organic materials carried out under conditions of low oxygen concentration and at temperatures ranging from 350oC to 1000oC, by the process known as pyrolysis . In this study, biochar were produced from coffee grounds (Coffeacanephora), since coffee is the most produced agricultural product in Brazil. Two synthesis temperatures (350 and 600oC) were used in two different atmospheres, one of them in the presence of N2 . Furthermore, the use of the pyrolysed coffee grounds as an adsorbent of Cu2+ ions in aqueous solution was investigated. The material obtained was characterized by the methodology proposed by Boehm, Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Zero Load Point determination, apparent density and ash content. In order to investigate the adsorption efficiency of Cu2+ ions, the influence of the contact time between adsorbent and adsorbate was evaluated. The results obtained allowed to conclude that the temperature and the use of N2 – in a modified atmosphere in the pyrolysis process directly influence the surface characteristics of biochar from the Conilon coffee ground. It was observed the decomposition of surface functional groups of acid character, due to the increase of the pyrolysis temperature, contributing with the increase of the PCZ and pH due to the greater basicity of the biochar. The presence of N2 in the pyrolysis may have contributed to the loss of the superficial chemical diversity of the biochar, allowing a better calcination of the raw material. The pyrolyzed biochar at 600oC were more efficient in the adsorption of Cu2+ ions when compared to the pyrolysed biochar with low temperature, thus showing to be an efficient material for the removal of heavy metals in aqueous solution.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.
Palavras-chave
Metais pesados, Café conilon, Adsorção, Palha
Citação
OLIVEIRA, Y. R. Estudo da adsorção de Cu(II) utilizando biocarvões de palha de café conilon. 2018. 37 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agroquímica) - Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre. 2018.