Atributos do solo em função de tratos culturais em lavouras de cafeeiro conilon no Sul do Estado do Espírito Santo
Arquivos
Data
2006
Autores
Título da Revista
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Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.
Resumo
O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar, em diferentes sítios de amostragem, os atributos de solos cultivados com lavouras cafeeiras sob distintos tratos culturais no Sul do Estado do Espírito Santo. Foram realizadas amostragens nas profundidades de 0,00 - 0,20 m e 0,20 - 0,40 m, na parte superior da projeção da 'saia' do cafeeiro, em relação ao sentido de declive do terreno. Foram utilizadas, para o estudo, lavouras, representativas da região Sul do Estado Espírito Santo, apresentando a mesma unidade de solo (Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico, relevo forte ondulado), tendo os seguintes tratos culturais: M1 - irrigação por gotejamento, calagem a cada dois anos, adubação, roçadas e uso da palha de café; M2 - adubação, roçadas e capinas; e M3 - capinas e roçadas. Dentro de cada trato também foram avaliadas os seguintes sítios de amostragem: TS - terço superior, TM - terço médio; e TI - terço inferior, ao longo do declive. As variáveis em estudo foram analisadas considerando-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com cinco repetições. Os dados experimentais foram submetidos à análise de variância e, posteriormente, aplicação do teste de Tukey a 5%, para comparação entre as médias. Os resultados demonstram que a maioria dos atributos dos solos estudados foi influenciada pelo trato cultural e sítio de amostragem, apresentando-se como importantes indicadores de mudanças na qualidade do solo. As práticas de adubação e calagem, associadas aos tratos, promoveram efeitos nos atributos do solo, principalmente nos químicos. As análises física e química, para avaliação das reais condições dos solos cultivados com cafeeiro conilon, são práticas muito importantes visando à utilização racional e equilibrada de calcário e adubos. A divisão das áreas em segmentos (terço superior, médio e inferior) faz-se necessária, para avaliação de atributos do solo em condições de relevo forte ondulado, em função das diferenças associadas aos solos, existentes ao longo do declive. A melhoria das condições dos solos cultivados com lavouras cafeeiras e, conseqüentemente, da produtividade da cultura está associada à utilização de práticas de manejo conservacionistas, principalmente quando se trata de áreas declivosas, como a região do Sul do Estado do Espírito Santo.
The work had as objective to evaluate, in different sampling site, the attributes of soils cultivated with conilon coffee trees crops under different management in the South of Espírito Santo State. Soil samplings were taken in the depths of 0.00 - 0.20 m and 0.20 - 0.40 m at the upper side of the canopy projection of the coffee plants, in relation to the land slope (down hill). It was used in this study representative crops of the South of the Espírito Santo State, which have the same soil unit (Haplustox, mountainous fort), with the following management: M1 - irrigation for leak, liming of each two years, manuring, cleared and use of the coffee straw; M2 - manuring, cleared and weedings; M3 - weedings and cleared. Within of each management it was also evaluated the following soil sampling sites: UT - upper third, MT - medium third; LT - lower third, along to the slope (down hill). The variables were analyzed considering the randomized completely design, using the split-plot scheme, with five repetitions. The experimental data were submitted to the variance analysis and thereafter the test of Tukey (5%), for data means comparison, was applied. The results demonstrated that most of the attributes of the studied soils was influenced by the management and sampling site, showing to be an important indicator of changes in the quality of the soil. The manuring practices and liming, associated to the management, promoted effects in the attributes of the soil, mainly in the chemical ones. The physics and chemical analyses of the soils, for evaluation of the real conditions of the soils cultivated with conilon coffee trees are procedures very important to the rational use of balanced limestone and fertilizers. For evaluation of attributes of the soil, in conditions of wavy and mountainous strong relief, it is necessary the division of the areas in parts (upper, medium and lower third), in function to the differences associated to the soils, which exist along the slope. The improvement of the conditions of the soils cultivated with coffee crops and, consequently, of the yield of the coffee crop it is associated to the use of practices of management conservationists, mainly in places with high slopes as is the case of South of Espirito Santo State.
The work had as objective to evaluate, in different sampling site, the attributes of soils cultivated with conilon coffee trees crops under different management in the South of Espírito Santo State. Soil samplings were taken in the depths of 0.00 - 0.20 m and 0.20 - 0.40 m at the upper side of the canopy projection of the coffee plants, in relation to the land slope (down hill). It was used in this study representative crops of the South of the Espírito Santo State, which have the same soil unit (Haplustox, mountainous fort), with the following management: M1 - irrigation for leak, liming of each two years, manuring, cleared and use of the coffee straw; M2 - manuring, cleared and weedings; M3 - weedings and cleared. Within of each management it was also evaluated the following soil sampling sites: UT - upper third, MT - medium third; LT - lower third, along to the slope (down hill). The variables were analyzed considering the randomized completely design, using the split-plot scheme, with five repetitions. The experimental data were submitted to the variance analysis and thereafter the test of Tukey (5%), for data means comparison, was applied. The results demonstrated that most of the attributes of the studied soils was influenced by the management and sampling site, showing to be an important indicator of changes in the quality of the soil. The manuring practices and liming, associated to the management, promoted effects in the attributes of the soil, mainly in the chemical ones. The physics and chemical analyses of the soils, for evaluation of the real conditions of the soils cultivated with conilon coffee trees are procedures very important to the rational use of balanced limestone and fertilizers. For evaluation of attributes of the soil, in conditions of wavy and mountainous strong relief, it is necessary the division of the areas in parts (upper, medium and lower third), in function to the differences associated to the soils, which exist along the slope. The improvement of the conditions of the soils cultivated with coffee crops and, consequently, of the yield of the coffee crop it is associated to the use of practices of management conservationists, mainly in places with high slopes as is the case of South of Espirito Santo State.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.
Palavras-chave
Solos Propriedades Manejo Café Conilon Coffea canephora, Soil properties Soil management Conilon coffee Coffea canephora
Citação
Effgen, Teóphilo André Maretto. Atributos do solo em função de tratos culturais em lavouras de cafeeiro conilon no Sul do Estado do Espírito Santo. Alegre, UFES, 2006. xi, 91 fl. (Dissertação - Mestrado em Produção Vegetal) - Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Renato Ribeiro Passos.