Efeito da temperatura no desenvolvimento e sobrevivência da cochonilha Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti, 1867) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) em cafeeiro
Data
2011-05
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Editora UFLA
Resumo
A cochonilha Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti, 1867) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) foi constatada em algumas lavouras cafeeiras do estado de Minas Gerais, ocasionando a queda de frutos. O entendimento da dinâmica populacional dessa praga faz-se necessário para adoção de medidas de controle. Assim, estudou-se o desenvolvimento desse inseto nas temperaturas constantes de 15, 20, 25, 30 e 35oC e determinaram-se as suas exigências térmicas. Os insetos foram mantidos em placas de Petri contendo discos foliares de 4 cm de diâmetro de Coffea arabica L. cultivar Acaiá Cerrado. Constatou-se que a temperatura influenciou o desenvolvimento e sobrevivência de P. longispinus em cafeeiro, sendo registrado um baixo número de cochonilhas sobreviventes nas temperaturas de 15 e 30oC e uma mortalidade total a 35oC. A duração da fase ninfal foi inversamente proporcional quando se elevou a temperatura de 20 para 25oC, sendo observado 80% de sobrevivência em ambas as condições. Os parâmetros térmicos variaram de acordo com a fase de desenvolvimento de P. longispinus, sendo registrado o limiar térmico inferior de 8,0oC para o desenvolvimento da fase ninfal de fêmeas, uma constante térmica de 422,1 GD e número de gerações crescente com a elevação da temperatura. A temperatura mais favorável ao desenvolvimento do inseto foi a de 25oC.
The longtailed mealybug Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti, 1867) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) has been reported attacking coffee crops causing fruit fall in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The knowledge of the population dynamic of this pest is then necessary to implement control measures. Its development was studied at temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C, determining the thermal requirements. The insects were confined inside a Petri dish containing a foliar disc of 4 cm diameter of Coffea arabica L., cultivar ‘Acaiá Cerrado’. The temperature affected the P. longispinus development and survival. Few insects survived at temperatures of 15 and 30°C, and 100% of mortality was obtained at 35°C. The duration of the nymphal stage was reduced when the temperature was increased from 20 to 25°C, with a survival rate of 80% at both temperatures. The thermal parameters varied according to the development stage of the mealybug and the base temperature was fixed at 8.0 °C for the nymphal stage of females, a thermal constant of 422.1 day degrees and number of generations increased with rising temperature. The optimal temperature for the insect development was 25°C.
The longtailed mealybug Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti, 1867) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) has been reported attacking coffee crops causing fruit fall in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The knowledge of the population dynamic of this pest is then necessary to implement control measures. Its development was studied at temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C, determining the thermal requirements. The insects were confined inside a Petri dish containing a foliar disc of 4 cm diameter of Coffea arabica L., cultivar ‘Acaiá Cerrado’. The temperature affected the P. longispinus development and survival. Few insects survived at temperatures of 15 and 30°C, and 100% of mortality was obtained at 35°C. The duration of the nymphal stage was reduced when the temperature was increased from 20 to 25°C, with a survival rate of 80% at both temperatures. The thermal parameters varied according to the development stage of the mealybug and the base temperature was fixed at 8.0 °C for the nymphal stage of females, a thermal constant of 422.1 day degrees and number of generations increased with rising temperature. The optimal temperature for the insect development was 25°C.
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Palavras-chave
Biologia, Coccoidea, Coffea arabica, Requerimentos térmicos
Citação
SANTA-CECÍLIA, L. V. C. et al. Efeito da temperatura no desenvolvimento e sobrevivência da cochonilha Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti, 1867) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) em cafeeiro. Coffee Science, Lavras, v. 6, n. 2, p. 91-97, maio/ago. 2011.