Controle de Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) E Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor, 1917) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae, Tetranychidae) em cafeeiro e o impacto sobre ácaros benéficos. I - abamectin e emamectin
Data
2004-03
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Editor
Editora UFLA
Resumo
O ácaro Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) é importante em cafeeiro (Coffea spp.), por ser o vetor do vírus da mancha-anular, responsável por queda de folhas e má qualidade da bebida do café, e o ácaro-vermelho, Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor, 1917) (Acari: Tetranychidae), por reduzir a área foliar de fotossíntese. Alguns ácaros da família Phytoseiidae são eficientes predadores associados aos ácaros-praga. Com este trabalho teve-se como objetivo estudar o controle dos ácaros-praga e o impacto do abamectin e emamectin sobre fitoseídeos. Em laboratório, foram estudados os efeitos ovicida, tópico, residual, tópico mais residual aos ácaros-praga e a seletividade fisiológica aos fitoseídeos. Em semicampo, foi estudada a persistência dos produtos no controle dos ácaros -praga. O efeito ovicida foi avaliado em ovos no início e fim de incubação; os efeitos residual, tópico e tópico mais residual foram avaliados pela mortalidade de larvas, ninfas e adultos após 48 horas da aplicação, enquanto a persistência foi avaliada pela mortalidade até 30 dias após a pulverização. A seletividade aos ácaros fitoseídeos foi avaliada pelo efeito total às fêmeas adultas, em teste residual em superfície de vidro. Pelos resultados, verificou-se que aba- mectin e emamectin não possuem ação ovicida, para ambas as espécies de ácaros-praga estudadas. Considerando o efeito tópico mais residual, o abamectin e emamectin foram altamente eficientes no controle de larvas, ninfas e adultos de B. phoenicis; apenas abamectin foi eficiente no controle de O. ilicis. Abamectin foi levemente a moderadamente nocivo e emamectin mostrou-se inócuo a levemente nocivo aos fitoseídeos. Devido à eficiência de controle e seletividade a fitoseídeos, conclui-se que abamectin e emamectin podem ser utilizados em programas de manejo integrado do ácaro B. phoenicis, e abamectin para o manejo de B. phoenicis e O. ilicis em cafeeiro.
The mite Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) is important for coffee plants (Coffea spp.) for being the vector of the coffee ringspot virus, which is responsible for leaf fall and bad quality of the coffee beverage. The red spider mite, Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor, 1917) (Acari: Tetranychidae) is also important, for reducing the areas of photosynthesis in leaves. Some mites of the family Phytoseiidae are efficient predators associated to the pest-mites. This work had as objective to study the control of the pest-mites and the impact of the abamectin and emamectin on phytoseiids. Studies were carried out in laboratory to investigate the ovicidal, topical, residual, topical plus residual effects of the products on the pest-mites and the physiologic selectivity to the phytoseiids. The persistence of the products in the control of pest-mite was studied in semi-field conditions. The ovicidal effect was evaluated in eggs in the beginning and end of incubation; the residual, topical and topical plus residual effects on larvae, nymphs and adults were assessed through mortality evaluation 48 h after spraying, while the persistence was evaluated until 30 days after spraying. The phytoseiids selectivity was evaluated by the total effect in adult females, in residual test in glass surface. The results showed that abamectin and emamectin do not possess ovicidal action, in both pest-mite species studied. Considering the topical plus residual effect, the abamectin and emamectin was highly efficient in the control of larvae, nymphs and adults of the B. phoenicis; only the abamectin was efficient for O. ilicis control. Abamectin was slightly and moderately noxious and emamectin was shown to be innocuous and slightly noxious
The mite Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) is important for coffee plants (Coffea spp.) for being the vector of the coffee ringspot virus, which is responsible for leaf fall and bad quality of the coffee beverage. The red spider mite, Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor, 1917) (Acari: Tetranychidae) is also important, for reducing the areas of photosynthesis in leaves. Some mites of the family Phytoseiidae are efficient predators associated to the pest-mites. This work had as objective to study the control of the pest-mites and the impact of the abamectin and emamectin on phytoseiids. Studies were carried out in laboratory to investigate the ovicidal, topical, residual, topical plus residual effects of the products on the pest-mites and the physiologic selectivity to the phytoseiids. The persistence of the products in the control of pest-mite was studied in semi-field conditions. The ovicidal effect was evaluated in eggs in the beginning and end of incubation; the residual, topical and topical plus residual effects on larvae, nymphs and adults were assessed through mortality evaluation 48 h after spraying, while the persistence was evaluated until 30 days after spraying. The phytoseiids selectivity was evaluated by the total effect in adult females, in residual test in glass surface. The results showed that abamectin and emamectin do not possess ovicidal action, in both pest-mite species studied. Considering the topical plus residual effect, the abamectin and emamectin was highly efficient in the control of larvae, nymphs and adults of the B. phoenicis; only the abamectin was efficient for O. ilicis control. Abamectin was slightly and moderately noxious and emamectin was shown to be innocuous and slightly noxious
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Mancha-anular, Controle quÍmico, Seletividade, Ácaro, Coffea arabica
Citação
REIS, P. R. et al. Controle de Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) E Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor, 1917) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae, Tetranychidae) em cafeeiro e o impacto sobre ácaros benéficos. I - abamectin e emamectin. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, Lavras, v. 28, n. 2, p. 269-281, mar./abr. 2004.