Evidência de feromônio de agregação e ciclo de vida do caruncho-do-café, Araecerus fasciculatus (Degeer, 1775) (Coleoptera: Anthribidae)
Arquivos
Data
1994
Autores
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Editor
Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz
Resumo
Com o objetivo de verificar a ocorrência de feromônios em Araecerus fasciculatus (Degeer, 1775), estudou-se o seu comportamento, em olfatômetro de dupla escolha sem corrente de ar. Os insetos foram criados em grãos beneficiados de café do cultivar Mundo Novo, com 12% de umidade, em sala mantida a 27+ou- 2oC, umidade relativa de 90 + ou - 5%, e fotofase de 12 horas. Utilizou-se como fonte de atração, adultos de A. fasciculatus recém-emergidos, mantidos em tubos de vidro com uma camada de algodão e um grão de café, por períodos de 1 a 10 dias. Como testemunha foram usados tubos idênticos, sem os
adultos. Nos bioensaios foram usados insetos adultos virgens, sexados no dia da emergência, e mantidos separados por
periodos de 1 a 10 dias. Os bioensaios foram realizados entre 9 e 11 horas, no escuro, ficando os insetos por um período de
15 minutos no olfatrômetro, para condicionamento. O periodo de atração teve duraçao de 40 minutos. Foram ainda determinadas
a idade da cópula, observando-se insetos de 1 a 10 dias de idade e a duração do ciclo. O ciclo de vida do inseto, de ovo a adulto variou entre 57 e 97 dias com média de 72,4 + ou - 1,0 dias. A primeira cópula, entre adultos de até cinco dias de idade, ocorreu entre fêmeas de 2 dias com macho de 3 dias. O maior número de cópulas ocorreu com fêmeas de 4 a 9 dias e machos de 5 a 10 dias. Fêmeas de A. fasciculatus não atraíram machos ou fêmeas da espécie de forma significativa. Machos atrairam
tanto fêmeas quanto machos, havendo atração significativa de machos de 3 dias, atraindo fêmeas de 3 dias ou mais, e machos
de 5 dias ou mais. A porcentagem de fêmeas que apresentaram respostas, atraídas por machos variou entre 67 e 97%,
enquanto a de machos variou de 62 a 74%. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam a existência de feromônio de agregação,
produzido pelos machos desta espécie.
The response of adult Araecerru fasciculatus (Degeer, 1775) (Coffee bean weevil) to volatile stimuli was tested in a closed dual choice pitfall bioassay system, investigating the occurrence of pheromones in this species. A. fasciculatus was reared in green coffee beans (Coffea arabica cv. Mundo Novo), with a moisture content of 128, in a climatic room at 27 +or- 2oC, 90+or-5% RH, and a 12 hours photophase. The source of attraction were newly emerged adults, placed in vials containing a layer of cotton and a single coffee bean. Identical vials were used as controls, without the insect. Test insects were virgin adults, separated by sex on the day of emergence and kept for 1 to 10 days, in the same environmental conditions. The bioassays were conducted between 9:00 and 11:OO AM, in the dark, with a period of 15 minutes of conditioning, and a period of attraction of 40 minutes. The age of the copula, among 1 to 10 days old insects and the life cycle were also determined. The life cycle of A. fascicuIatus, from egg to adult, extended from 57 to 97 days, with average of 72.4+or-1.0 days. The first copula, among up to 5 days old adults, occurred with 2 days old females and 3 days old males. Most of the females copulated with 4 to 9 days, and males with 5 to 10 days. A. fasciculatus female did not significantly attracted virgin adults of both sexes. Males attracted both sexes: 3 days old or more showed significant attraction to 3 or more days old females and 5 or more days old males. Sixty-seven to 97% of the responding females, and 62 to 74% of the responding males were attracted to the volatiles of the males. The results evidence the occurrence of a male produced aggregation pheromone in Araecerus fasciculatus.
The response of adult Araecerru fasciculatus (Degeer, 1775) (Coffee bean weevil) to volatile stimuli was tested in a closed dual choice pitfall bioassay system, investigating the occurrence of pheromones in this species. A. fasciculatus was reared in green coffee beans (Coffea arabica cv. Mundo Novo), with a moisture content of 128, in a climatic room at 27 +or- 2oC, 90+or-5% RH, and a 12 hours photophase. The source of attraction were newly emerged adults, placed in vials containing a layer of cotton and a single coffee bean. Identical vials were used as controls, without the insect. Test insects were virgin adults, separated by sex on the day of emergence and kept for 1 to 10 days, in the same environmental conditions. The bioassays were conducted between 9:00 and 11:OO AM, in the dark, with a period of 15 minutes of conditioning, and a period of attraction of 40 minutes. The age of the copula, among 1 to 10 days old insects and the life cycle were also determined. The life cycle of A. fascicuIatus, from egg to adult, extended from 57 to 97 days, with average of 72.4+or-1.0 days. The first copula, among up to 5 days old adults, occurred with 2 days old females and 3 days old males. Most of the females copulated with 4 to 9 days, and males with 5 to 10 days. A. fasciculatus female did not significantly attracted virgin adults of both sexes. Males attracted both sexes: 3 days old or more showed significant attraction to 3 or more days old females and 5 or more days old males. Sixty-seven to 97% of the responding females, and 62 to 74% of the responding males were attracted to the volatiles of the males. The results evidence the occurrence of a male produced aggregation pheromone in Araecerus fasciculatus.
Descrição
Tese de Doutorado defendida na Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz
Palavras-chave
Caruncho do café Feromônio de agregação Café Pragas Manejo Araecerus fasciculatus Comportamento Insetos Comunicação química, Coffee bean weevil Aggregation pheromone Pest management Araecerus fasciculatus Behavior Insects Chemical communication
Citação
Novo, José Poleze Soares. Evidência de feromônio de agregação e ciclo de vida do caruncho-do-café, Araecerus fasciculatus (Degeer, 1775) (Coleoptera: Anthribidae). Piracicaba : ESALQ, 1994. 75p. : il. (Tese - doutorado em Ciências, área de concentração: Entomologia) Orientador: Gilberto Casadei de Baptista