Antecipação da produção do cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.) com utilização de diferentes tipos de mudas
Data
2009-02-17
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de antecipar a produção através do uso de diferentes tipos de mudas na implantação de lavouras cafeeiras. O experimento foi conduzido no Setor de Cafeicultura do Departamento de Agricultura da Universidade Federal de Lavras. As mudas utilizadas no experimento foram produzidas no período de junho de 2003 a dezembro de 2005 e o experimento instalado no campo em dezembro de 2005. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com 15 tratamentos constituídos pelos tipos de mudas e três repetições. Cada parcela constou de 3 linhas de plantas com 6 plantas em cada fileira, sendo a área útil formada pelas 4 plantas da fileira central. A lavoura foi implantada em espaçamento de 3,8 x 0,7 m entrelinhas e entre plantas, respectivamente. As avaliações foram realizadas no período de maio 2007 a julho de 2008. Avaliou-se: altura (cm) da plantas, diâmetro (mm) do caule de plantas, número de ramos plagiotrópicos, número de nós nos ramos plagiotrópicos, produtividade em sacas de café beneficiadas por hectare e estádio de maturação dos frutos na colheita. Realizou-se a correlação fenotípica entre caracteres vegetativos com a produtividade. Conclui-se que o uso das mudas “de dois anos e meio, com podas”, “mudas de ano e meio, sem podas” e “mudas com sementes armazenadas do ano anterior” proporcionou em média seis sacas de café beneficiadas por hectare a mais do que as mudas convencionais. A enxertia não contribuiu para antecipação da produção. A utilização da poda não proporcionou antecipação da produção visto que o tratamento sem podas em “mudas de ano e meio” produziu mais que o com podas da mesma idade e apresentou a mesma produção das “mudas de dois anos e meio com podas”. Com base nas análises das características vegetativas avaliadas as mudas formadas em anos que antecedem o plantio apresentam maior crescimento. O caráter produção revelou correlação fenotípica alta e positiva com as características altura de planta, número de ramos plagiotrópicos e número de nós nos ramos plagiotrópicos. Não apresentou, porém, resultados consistentes de correlação com diâmetro do caule.
This paper aimed the antecipation of the production by using different types of seedlings in coffee cultivation implementation. The experiment was carried out in the Farming Department Coffee Section at the Federal University of Lavras. Seedlings used in the experiment were produced over the period from June, 2003 to December, 2005 and the experiment set into field in December, 2005. The experimental design used was the 15-treatment-random blocks formed by seedling types and three replicates. Each split-plot was formed by three plant lines, six plants each row, being the useful area formed by four plants from the central row. The cultivation was implemented using 3,8 x 0,7m line space and between plants, respectively. Evaluations were carried out from May, 2007 to July, 2008. Plant height, plant stem diameter (mm), number of plagiotropic branches, number of knots on plagiotropic branches, productivity over beneffiting coffee sacks per hectare and fruit ripening stage in the harvest were estimated. Phenotipic correlation between plant characteristics and productivity was carried out. It has been concluded that the using of "pruning 2 1/2 year-old seedlings", "non-pruning 1 1/2 year-old seedlings", and "seedlings with kept seeds from the previous year" gave on average six beneffiting coffee sacks further than conventional seedlings. The grafting did not contribute to the antecipated production. The using of pruning did not provide antecipated production seeing that non-pruning treatment over "1 1/2 year-old seedlings" produced more than in pruning at the same age, and showed the same production for "pruning 2 1/2 year-old seedlings". Based on the estimate plant characteristic analyses seedlings formed over years preceding the planting showed higher growth. The production character revealed high positive phenotipic correlation between plant height, number of knots on plagiotropic branches and number of plagiotropic branches characteristics. However, it did not show consistent correlation results for the stem diameter.
This paper aimed the antecipation of the production by using different types of seedlings in coffee cultivation implementation. The experiment was carried out in the Farming Department Coffee Section at the Federal University of Lavras. Seedlings used in the experiment were produced over the period from June, 2003 to December, 2005 and the experiment set into field in December, 2005. The experimental design used was the 15-treatment-random blocks formed by seedling types and three replicates. Each split-plot was formed by three plant lines, six plants each row, being the useful area formed by four plants from the central row. The cultivation was implemented using 3,8 x 0,7m line space and between plants, respectively. Evaluations were carried out from May, 2007 to July, 2008. Plant height, plant stem diameter (mm), number of plagiotropic branches, number of knots on plagiotropic branches, productivity over beneffiting coffee sacks per hectare and fruit ripening stage in the harvest were estimated. Phenotipic correlation between plant characteristics and productivity was carried out. It has been concluded that the using of "pruning 2 1/2 year-old seedlings", "non-pruning 1 1/2 year-old seedlings", and "seedlings with kept seeds from the previous year" gave on average six beneffiting coffee sacks further than conventional seedlings. The grafting did not contribute to the antecipated production. The using of pruning did not provide antecipated production seeing that non-pruning treatment over "1 1/2 year-old seedlings" produced more than in pruning at the same age, and showed the same production for "pruning 2 1/2 year-old seedlings". Based on the estimate plant characteristic analyses seedlings formed over years preceding the planting showed higher growth. The production character revealed high positive phenotipic correlation between plant height, number of knots on plagiotropic branches and number of plagiotropic branches characteristics. However, it did not show consistent correlation results for the stem diameter.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
Palavras-chave
Coffea arabica L., Mudas, Produção
Citação
BALIZA, D. P. Antecipação da produção do cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.) com utilização de diferentes tipos de mudas. 2009. 51 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia/Fitotecnia) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras. 2009.