Efeito da cafeína nas alterações comportamentais e cognitivas decorrentes da sepse experimental
Data
2014-02-06
Autores
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Editor
Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade de Brasília
Resumo
A cafeína é uma metilxantina muito consumida pela população por suas propriedades psicoestimulantes. Sua ingestão diária nos chama a atenção por seus efeitos na redução de estresse, melhora do humor e memória, possivelmente mediada pelos receptores adenosinérgicos. Estes receptores, por sua vez, parecem estar envolvidos com o processo de infecção. Esta pesquisa, portanto, procurou investigar os efeitos da cafeína nas alterações comportamentais e déficits cognitivos de ratos com sequelas decorrentes de um quadro infeccioso sistêmico. Para tal, foram usados ratos Wistar machos (n=80), anestesiados com ketamina (80 mg/kg) e xilazina (10 mg/kg), seguidos dos procedimentos cirúrgicos de indução de sepse ou operação fictícia (OF). Solução salina ou cafeína (10 mg/kg) foi administrada por gavagem durante uma semana antes e/ou uma semana após os procedimentos cirúrgicos. Os animais foram divididos em: Grupo 1 (OF+Salina), Grupo 2 (OF+Cafeína); Grupo 3 (Sepse+Salina) e Grupo 4 (Sepse+Cafeína). Após uma hora da última administração das substâncias, os animais foram avaliados nos testes experimentais do Campo aberto, Labirinto em cruz elevado (LCE), Nado forçado, Esquiva inibitória e Reconhecimento social. Foi observado que os animais que sobreviveram à sepse reduziram seu percentual de entradas (%EBA) e tempo de permanência nos braços abertos (%TBA) do LCE. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi detectada no número de ambulações no teste do Campo aberto e na frequência de entradas nos braços fechados (EBF) do LCE. Além disso, esses animais aumentaram o tempo de imobilidade no teste do Nado forçado, sugestivo de comportamento depressivo. Houve também prejuízo tanto na aquisição quanto na retenção de memória demonstradas pela diminuição no tempo de permanência dos animais na plataforma, sem alteração no Teste do Reconhecimento Social. Quando a cafeína foi administrada aos animais sobreviventes à sepse, em um regime de tratamento subcrônico (pré e pós-procedimentos cirúrgicos), aumentou o %TBA no LCE, resposta sugestiva de atividade ansiolítica, visto que os parâmetros de locomoção e EBF não foram afetados. O tempo de imobilidade também foi reduzido no teste do Nado forçado, comportamento sugestivo de resposta antidepressiva. Além disso, observou-se um aumento no tempo de permanência dos animais que sobreviveram à sepse na plataforma da Esquiva inibitória, sem alteração no Teste do Reconhecimento social. Resultados similares foram observados quando os animais foram administrados com a cafeína somente durante uma semana pós-procedimentos cirúrgicos, com exceção daqueles observados no LCE, onde não se observou diferença estatística entre os animais que sobreviveram à sepse e os controles. Em um contexto geral, esses resultados mostram que os efeitos da cafeína, provavelmente vias receptores adenosinérgicos, têm um papel importante nas alterações comportamentais e déficits cognitivos produzidos pela sepse induzida experimentalmente em ratos.
Caffeine is a methylxanthine very consumed by the population for its psychostimulant properties. Your daily intake draws our attention to its effect on stress reduction, improved mood and memory, possibly mediated by adenosinergic receptors. In turn, these receptors seem to be involved in the infection process. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the effects of caffeine on behavioral changes and cognitive deficits in rats with sequelae resulting from a systemic infection. To this end, male Wistar rats were used (n= 80) were anesthetized with ketamine (80 mg/kg) and xylazine (10 mg/kg) followed by surgical procedures for induction of sepsis or sham operation (Sham). Caffeine or saline (10 mg/kg) solution was administered by gavage during one week prior and/or one week after surgical procedures. The animals were divided into Group 1 (Sham + Saline), Group 2 (Sham + Caffeine), Group 3 (Sepsis + Saline) and Group 4 (Sepsis + Caffeine). After an hour of the last administration of the substances, the animals were evaluated in open field, elevated plus maze (EPM), forced swimming, inhibitory avoidance and social recognition tests. It was observed that the animals that survived sepsis reduced their percentage of open arm entries and time spent in these arms of the EPM. No significant difference was detected in the number of ambulations in the open field test and the frequency of enclosed arms entries of the EPM. Moreover, these animals increased the immobility time in the forced swimming test, suggesting a depressive behavior. There was also damage both in acquisition and retention of memory as demonstrated by the decrease in latency of the animals on the platform of the inhibitory avoidance test without changings in the social recognition test. When caffeine was administered to sepsis survivors animals, in a subchronic treatment (pre-and post-surgical procedures), increased the percentage of open arm time in the EPM, suggestive of anxiolytic-like activity, as the parameters of locomotion and frequency in enclosed arms were not affected. Such behavior did not occur when caffeine was administered on a regimen of acute treatment. This psychostimulant also decreased the immobility time in the forced swimming test, behavior suggestive of antidepressive effect. Caffeine also increased the latency of the sepsis survivors animals in the platform of inhibitory avoidance test without changings in the social recognition test. In a general context, these results show that the effect of caffeine, probably by adenosinergic receptors, plays an important role in behavioral changes and cognitive deficits produced by experimental sepsis in rats.
Caffeine is a methylxanthine very consumed by the population for its psychostimulant properties. Your daily intake draws our attention to its effect on stress reduction, improved mood and memory, possibly mediated by adenosinergic receptors. In turn, these receptors seem to be involved in the infection process. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the effects of caffeine on behavioral changes and cognitive deficits in rats with sequelae resulting from a systemic infection. To this end, male Wistar rats were used (n= 80) were anesthetized with ketamine (80 mg/kg) and xylazine (10 mg/kg) followed by surgical procedures for induction of sepsis or sham operation (Sham). Caffeine or saline (10 mg/kg) solution was administered by gavage during one week prior and/or one week after surgical procedures. The animals were divided into Group 1 (Sham + Saline), Group 2 (Sham + Caffeine), Group 3 (Sepsis + Saline) and Group 4 (Sepsis + Caffeine). After an hour of the last administration of the substances, the animals were evaluated in open field, elevated plus maze (EPM), forced swimming, inhibitory avoidance and social recognition tests. It was observed that the animals that survived sepsis reduced their percentage of open arm entries and time spent in these arms of the EPM. No significant difference was detected in the number of ambulations in the open field test and the frequency of enclosed arms entries of the EPM. Moreover, these animals increased the immobility time in the forced swimming test, suggesting a depressive behavior. There was also damage both in acquisition and retention of memory as demonstrated by the decrease in latency of the animals on the platform of the inhibitory avoidance test without changings in the social recognition test. When caffeine was administered to sepsis survivors animals, in a subchronic treatment (pre-and post-surgical procedures), increased the percentage of open arm time in the EPM, suggestive of anxiolytic-like activity, as the parameters of locomotion and frequency in enclosed arms were not affected. Such behavior did not occur when caffeine was administered on a regimen of acute treatment. This psychostimulant also decreased the immobility time in the forced swimming test, behavior suggestive of antidepressive effect. Caffeine also increased the latency of the sepsis survivors animals in the platform of inhibitory avoidance test without changings in the social recognition test. In a general context, these results show that the effect of caffeine, probably by adenosinergic receptors, plays an important role in behavioral changes and cognitive deficits produced by experimental sepsis in rats.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado defendida na Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade de Brasília.
Palavras-chave
Ansiedade, Cafeína, Depressão, Locomoção, Memória, Sepse
Citação
ASSIS, M. A. Efeito da cafeína nas alterações comportamentais e cognitivas decorrentes da sepse experimental. 2014. 86 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Aplicadas em Saúde) - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília. 2014.