Desenvolvimento fenológico e produtividade de cultivares de Coffea arabica L. sob parcelamentos da adubação
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Data
2001
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Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
Os experimentos foram instalados na Fazenda Experimental da EPAMIG em São Sebastião do Paraíso, com objetivo de estudar o comportamento das cultivares Mundo Novo-IAC 379/19; Icatu Precoce-IAC 3282; Icatu Amarelo-IAC 2944 e Rubi-MG 1192, em relaç30 às épocas de parcelamentos das adubações, anos de 1997 e 1998. As respostas das cultivares foram medidas sobre a produção e o crescimento em altura e diâmetro da copa, face as épocas de parcelamentos das adubações, que foram influenciadas pelas combinações das épocas em que foram submetidas. Evidenciou que a cultivar Mundo Novo-IAC 379/19 tolera intervalos maiores entre as adubações no período de outubro a março, e a cultivar Icatu Amarelo-IAC 2944 respondeu de modo significativo a quatro parcelamentos consecutivos com intervalo de 30-40 dias entre as aplicações. Para a cultivar Icatu Precoce-IAC 3282, existem opções de estabelecimento de épocas adequadas, em função do início das chuvas. Já a cultivar Rubi-MG 1192 responde indiferentemente às épocas de parcelamento da adubação. Em função das épocas de parcelamentos das adubações, a cultivar Icatu Amarelo-IAC 2944 foi a que mostrou maior crescimento, seguida das cultivares Mundo Novo-IAC 379/19 e Icatu Precoce-IAC 3282, todas de porte alto, as quais tem crescimento superior a cultivar Rubi-MG 1192. Do mesmo modo o crescimento em diâmetro da copa foi influenciado pelas épocas de adubação. Não houve influência no padrão sazonal do teor de amido na matéria seca do caule dos cafeeiros, em função das diferentes épocas de parcelamento da adubação, sugerindo ser essa flutuação controlada por fatores endógenos da própria planta e climáticos. A acumulação dos teores de amido caulinar decresce de agosto a fevereiro ou até maio, e volta a crescer novamente até agosto, período em que as temperaturas mínimas e a precipitação diminuem fazendo com que o crescimento vegetativo seja mínimo e promova acumulação de reservas de amido. Independente do esquema de parcelamento da adubação adotado nos experimentos, a acumulação de matéria seca nos frutos seguiu o modelo sigmóide, caracterizado por uma fase de crescimento lenta seguida de outra de rápido aumento até a estabilização. A cultivar Icatu Precoce-IAC 3282, mostrou que a fase de enchimento de grãos iniciou no princípio do mês de dezembro, antecipando aproximadamente 45 dias em relação as cultivares Mundo Novo-IAC 379/19, Icatu Amarelo-IAC 2944 e Rubi-MG 1192.
The work was conducted at EPAMIG's Experimental Station in São Sebastião do Paraíso, MG, to study the performance of Mundo Novo-IAC 379/19; Icatu Precoce-IAC 3282; Icatu Amarelo-IAC 2944 and Rubi-MG 1192, coffee cultivars, in relation to parcel out fertilizing time in 1997 and 1998. Cultivar responses were measured by yield, height growth and canopy diameter by split-fertilizing time application. The characteristics were influenced by time combination. Mundo Novo-IAC 379/19 cultivar tolerated greater fertilizing time intervals from October to March, and Icatu Amarelo-IAC 2944 response, was significant to four consecutive parceling, with intervals of 30 to 40 days between applications. Icatu Precoce-IAC 3282 cultivar presented other more appropriate time options depending on the start of rainy season. Rubi-MG 1192 cultivar was not responsive to fertilizing split. Icatu Amarelo-IAC 2944 cultivar showed greater growth, followed by Mundo Novo-IAC 37911 9 and Icatu Precoce 3282, all them of high stature plant, which have superior growth to Rubi-MG 1192 cultivar, a low stature plant. Fertilizing time did not influence the canopy diameter growth, in the same way. There was no influence in season pattern in the starch content in dry matter in coffee plant stem, in function of different split-fertilizing application time, suggesting that, this fluctuation is controlled by endogenous factors from own plant and climate factors. Stem starch content decreased from August to February, or until May, and started increasing again, until August, a period with minimum vegetative growth and accumulation of starch reserves. Independent of the adopted split-fertilizing model the fruit dry matter accumulation gave sigmoid model, characterized by one slow growth phase followed by other phase of fast increase until the stabilization. Icatu Precoce-IAC 3282, cultivar, showed that grain filling phase started on the beginning of December, anticipating 45 days in relating to Mundo Novo-IAC 379/19, Icatu Amarelo-IAC 2944 and Rubi-MG 1192 cultivars.
The work was conducted at EPAMIG's Experimental Station in São Sebastião do Paraíso, MG, to study the performance of Mundo Novo-IAC 379/19; Icatu Precoce-IAC 3282; Icatu Amarelo-IAC 2944 and Rubi-MG 1192, coffee cultivars, in relation to parcel out fertilizing time in 1997 and 1998. Cultivar responses were measured by yield, height growth and canopy diameter by split-fertilizing time application. The characteristics were influenced by time combination. Mundo Novo-IAC 379/19 cultivar tolerated greater fertilizing time intervals from October to March, and Icatu Amarelo-IAC 2944 response, was significant to four consecutive parceling, with intervals of 30 to 40 days between applications. Icatu Precoce-IAC 3282 cultivar presented other more appropriate time options depending on the start of rainy season. Rubi-MG 1192 cultivar was not responsive to fertilizing split. Icatu Amarelo-IAC 2944 cultivar showed greater growth, followed by Mundo Novo-IAC 37911 9 and Icatu Precoce 3282, all them of high stature plant, which have superior growth to Rubi-MG 1192 cultivar, a low stature plant. Fertilizing time did not influence the canopy diameter growth, in the same way. There was no influence in season pattern in the starch content in dry matter in coffee plant stem, in function of different split-fertilizing application time, suggesting that, this fluctuation is controlled by endogenous factors from own plant and climate factors. Stem starch content decreased from August to February, or until May, and started increasing again, until August, a period with minimum vegetative growth and accumulation of starch reserves. Independent of the adopted split-fertilizing model the fruit dry matter accumulation gave sigmoid model, characterized by one slow growth phase followed by other phase of fast increase until the stabilization. Icatu Precoce-IAC 3282, cultivar, showed that grain filling phase started on the beginning of December, anticipating 45 days in relating to Mundo Novo-IAC 379/19, Icatu Amarelo-IAC 2944 and Rubi-MG 1192 cultivars.
Descrição
Tese de Doutorado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
Palavras-chave
Café Fisiologia Adubação Época Nutrição Crescimento Produção Desenvolvimento fenológico, Coffee Physiology Fertilizing Nutrition Growth Yield Fenologic development
Citação
Bartholo, Gabriel Ferreira. Desenvolvimento fenológico e produtividade de cultivares de Coffea arabica L. sob parcelamentos da adubação. Lavras : UFLA, 2001. 56 p. (Tese - Doutorado). Orientador: Vicente Paulo Campos. T 63373891 B287d 2001