Efeito do nível de luz sobre o crescimento de seis cultivares de café
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Data
2005
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Resumo
O cafeeiro é uma planta originalmente adaptada a ambiente de sombra parcial. Todavia, o melhoramento genético tem sido realizado a pleno sol e provavelmente alterado a resposta do cafeeiro às condições de luz. Este trabalho visou avaliar o crescimento das cultivares Bourbon Amarelo CJ 3-17, Caticar FEX 242-4 cv. 900 (Catimor), Catuaí Amarelo IAC 86, Conilon, Icatu Vermelho e Mundo Novo LCP 464-4, em quatro níveis de luz (100, 70, 50 e 30%). O ensaio foi instalado com mudas, em viveiro, e avaliado aos 150 dias após a germinação das sementes. Verificou-se, para todas as cultivares, que a altura de planta, o diâmetro do caule, a área foliar, e a matéria seca das raízes, da parte aérea, do caule e a matéria seca total, foram maiores entre 70 e 50% de luz, com valores mais próximos a 70%, decrescendo a pleno sol (100% de luz) e a 30% de luz. Somente a relação parte aérea/sistema radicular (PA/SR) e a razão de área foliar aumentaram com a diminuição do nível de luz. As maiores relações PA/SR, quando a matéria seca total foi máxima, foram: 3,24 (Bourbon), 3,5 (Catuaí), 3,30 (Conilon), 2,44 (Catimor), 2,68 (Icatu) e 3,02 (Mundo Novo). Os teores de Ca, B e Fe e, menos acentuadamente, os de Mg e P, reduziram com o aumento do sombreamento. Por ouro lado, os teores de N, K, Zn e Cu, não apresentaram relação evidente com o nível de luz.
The coffee tree is a plant originally adapted to partial shade environment. However, the breeding programs have been done under full sunlight and may have altered the behavior of the coffee to light conditions. The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth of the cultivars Bourbon Amarelo CJ 3-17, Caticar FEX 242-4 cv. 900 (Catimor), Catuaí Amarelo IAC 86, Conilon, Icatu Vermelho and Mundo Novo LCP 464-4, under four light intensities (100, 70, 50 and 30%). The work was carried out with seedlings in a nursery and evaluated 150 days after seed germination. It was found that plant height, girth diameter, leaf area, and the dry weight of roots, leaves, stems and the total dry weight, were about the same for all the cultivars, and the best results were found between 70 and 50% of light, decreasing under full sunlight and under 30% sunlight. Only the top-to-root ratio and the total dry weight increased with light reduction. When total dry weight was maximum, the highest top-to-root ratios were: 3,24 (Bourbon), 3,5 (Catuaí), 3,30 (Conilon), 2,44 (Catimor), 2,68 (Icatu) and 3,02 (Mundo Novo). The levels of Ca, B, and Fe and, with less intensity, Mg and P, decreased with the increase of shade. On the other hand, the levels of N, K, Zn and Cu, did not show any evident relation with light intensity.
The coffee tree is a plant originally adapted to partial shade environment. However, the breeding programs have been done under full sunlight and may have altered the behavior of the coffee to light conditions. The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth of the cultivars Bourbon Amarelo CJ 3-17, Caticar FEX 242-4 cv. 900 (Catimor), Catuaí Amarelo IAC 86, Conilon, Icatu Vermelho and Mundo Novo LCP 464-4, under four light intensities (100, 70, 50 and 30%). The work was carried out with seedlings in a nursery and evaluated 150 days after seed germination. It was found that plant height, girth diameter, leaf area, and the dry weight of roots, leaves, stems and the total dry weight, were about the same for all the cultivars, and the best results were found between 70 and 50% of light, decreasing under full sunlight and under 30% sunlight. Only the top-to-root ratio and the total dry weight increased with light reduction. When total dry weight was maximum, the highest top-to-root ratios were: 3,24 (Bourbon), 3,5 (Catuaí), 3,30 (Conilon), 2,44 (Catimor), 2,68 (Icatu) and 3,02 (Mundo Novo). The levels of Ca, B, and Fe and, with less intensity, Mg and P, decreased with the increase of shade. On the other hand, the levels of N, K, Zn and Cu, did not show any evident relation with light intensity.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (4. : 2005 : Londrina, PR). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2005.
Palavras-chave
Café Crescimento Níveis de luz, Coffee Growth Light levels
Citação
Miguel, Antônio E.; Carvalho, Carlos H. S. Efeito do nível de luz sobre o crescimento de seis cultivares de café. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (4. : Londrina, PR : 2005). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa - Café, 2005. (1 CD-ROM), 3p.