ANÁLISE FISIOLÓGICA DE GRÃOS DE CAFÉ SUBMETIDOS A DIFERENTES TIPOS DE PROCESSAMENTO E MÉTODOS DE SECAGEM
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Data
2011
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Resumo
Objetivou-se no presente trabalho avaliar a qualidade fisiológica dos grãos de café processados e secados de diferentes formas, ao final do processo de secagem com temperaturas alternadas. O experimento foi realizado com dois tipos de processamento: via seca e via úmida; e quatro métodos de secagem: secagem em terreiro, e secagem mecânica com ar aquecido a 50/40°C, 60/40°C e 40/60oC, onde a temperatura foi alterada quando os grãos de café atingiram 30%±2% (b.u.), com complementação da secagem até atingir 11%±1% (b.u.). O sistema mecânico de secagem utilizado constituiu-se de três secadores de camada fixa, o qual permite o controle da temperatura e fluxo de secagem. Foi realizado teste de germinação, com a primeira contagem aos quinze dias do início to teste e ao final de 45 dias foram computadas as plântulas que apresentavam as folhas cotiledonares totalmente expandidas. A secagem em terreiro é a que proporciona a melhor qualidade, os grãos de café despolpados apresenta melhor qualidade fisiológica que o natural, temperaturas altas principalmente depois da meia seca é que causa maior dano a café.
The present work aimed to assess the physiological quality of coffee seeds processed and dried under different methods. The work was done in two ways of processing: dry and wet; and four drying methods: sun drying on the concrete ground and drying with heated air to 50/40°C, 60/40°C e 40/60oC, in wich the temperature was changed when the coffee seeds reached the humidity level of 30%(wb), lasting until the final humidity level of 11%(wb). The drying apparatus was composed of three bed layer driers, which allows the temperature and flow control. The mechanical drying system was compound of three bed layer dryiers, which allows the temperature and flow of air control. The physiological analysis were characterized by germination test, evaluating at the beginning, 15th day after sowing, and at the end, 45th day after sowing, when the seedlings with fully open cotyledonary leaf were counted. The better coffee seeds quality was provided by the solar drying and the depulped coffee seeds had better phisioological quality than the natural coffee. The high temperatures mainly after the coffee seeds reach the humidity level of 30%(wb) provoke great physiological damages.
The present work aimed to assess the physiological quality of coffee seeds processed and dried under different methods. The work was done in two ways of processing: dry and wet; and four drying methods: sun drying on the concrete ground and drying with heated air to 50/40°C, 60/40°C e 40/60oC, in wich the temperature was changed when the coffee seeds reached the humidity level of 30%(wb), lasting until the final humidity level of 11%(wb). The drying apparatus was composed of three bed layer driers, which allows the temperature and flow control. The mechanical drying system was compound of three bed layer dryiers, which allows the temperature and flow of air control. The physiological analysis were characterized by germination test, evaluating at the beginning, 15th day after sowing, and at the end, 45th day after sowing, when the seedlings with fully open cotyledonary leaf were counted. The better coffee seeds quality was provided by the solar drying and the depulped coffee seeds had better phisioological quality than the natural coffee. The high temperatures mainly after the coffee seeds reach the humidity level of 30%(wb) provoke great physiological damages.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (7. : 2011 : Araxá, MG). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011
Palavras-chave
pós-colheita, processamento, secagem, fisiologia, café., post-havervest, processing, drying, physiology, coffee.
Citação
Pereira, Caio de Castro; Oliveira, Pedro Damasceno de; Isquierdo, Eder Pedroza; Borém, Flávio Meira; Taveira, José Henrique da Silva; Alves, Guilherme Eurípedes. Análise fisiológica de grãos de café submetidos a diferentes tipos de processamento e métodos de secagem. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos cafés do Brasil (7. : 2011 : Araxá, MG). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011 (1 CD-ROM), 5p.