Host transcriptional responses to vascular and foliar phytopathogenic fungi.
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Data
2009
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
O presente trabalho estudou mecanismos genéticos que controlam a resposta de plantas à uma espécie fitopatogênica do gênero Verticillium. V. dahliae (Vd) e V. longisoporum (Vl) são fungos de solo causadores de doenças vasculares de plantas herbáceas e plantas arbóreas, estas duas espécies são responsáveis por perdas anuais que somam bilhões de dólares. Este patógneo perde um alto grau de sua especificidade quanto ao hospedeiro e viabiliza a colonização e multiplicação em diferentes espécies de plantas. Até o presente momento, pouco se sabe a respeito da base genética e molecular da resistência/tolerância à Verticillium spp. Para preenchimento dessa lacuna, estudou-se a interação entre Vl e a planta modelo Arabidopsis thaliana. Experimentos de microarranjo e análises de metabólitos indicaram que isolados de Vl foram capazes de reprogramar a via metabólica do triptofano, resultando na redução do acúmulo do composto de defesa derivado do triptofano, glucosinolato indólico (IGS). Propõe-se com este estudo uma estratégia de patogenicidade utilizada por Vl que envolve o recrutamento do fator transcricional WRKY 70 como um regulador negativo da biosíntese de de IG. Esta parte do trabalho foi desenvolvida no laboratório da Dra. Paola Veronese da Universidade Estadual da Carolina do Norte (NCSU). Uma outra parte foi o estudo de genes envolvidos na resistência de café à ferrugem causada pelo fungo Hemileia vastatrix . Esta parte do trabalho foi desenvolvida no Biocafé/Bioagro/UFV (Universidade Federal de Viçosa). A metodologia utilizada para isolamento dos genes envolvidos na resistência à ferrugem foi a hibridização subtrativa supressiva (SSH), que se baseia na amplificação preferencial de seqüências diferencialmente, representadas em duas populações de cDNA, possibilitada pela reação em cadeia da polimeras (PCR), e a prevenção da amplificação de sequências comuns pelo evento de supressão possibilitada. Foi utilizado neste trabalho o genótipo Híbrido de Timor CIFC 832/2 . Folhas deste genótipo foram inoculadas com uredóporos de Hemileia vastatrix (raça II). Após a inoculação, o RNA foi extraído das folhas 12 e 24 horas após a inoculação para proceder a hibridização subtrativa supressiva. Foi estudada a expressão de dois genes (cisteína protease e quitinase) através do RT-PCR quantitativo (real time-Polymerase chain reaction) em dois genótipos diferentes, CIFC 832/2 (resistente à H. vastatrix) e Catuaí (susceptível à H. vastatrix). O resultado obtido mostra dois padrões de expressão diferentes para os dois genes nos dois genótipos. A expressão dos dois genes no Híbrido de Timor CIFIC 832/2 foi mais elevada e antecipada quando comparada a expressão observada no Catuaí IAC 44.
We used a comprehensive approach for the dissection of genetic mechanims controlling plant responses to phytopathogenic species of the genus Verticillium. V. dahliae (Vd) and V. longisporum (Vl) are soil fungi causing vascular diseases in herbaceous plants and trees that result in billions of dollars in annual losses worldwide. The pathogens lack a high degree of host specificity and can colonize and multiply in several different plant species. At the present, there is little or no knowledge of the deterministic molecular and genetic basis of plant resistance/tolerance to Verticillium spp. To address this knowledge gap, we studied the interaction of Vl with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Microarray experiments and metabolite analysis indicated that Vl but not Vd isolates were able of reprogramming the tryptophan (Trp) metabolic pathway resulting in lack of accumulation of the Trp-derived defense compounds indolic glucosinolates (IGs). We are proposing that the Vl pathogenicity strategy involves recruiting the transcription factor WRKY 70 as negative regulator of the IG biosynthesis This part of the thesis was developed at Dr. Paola Veronese’s lab at NCSU (North Carolina State University). We also studied the molecular mechanism involved in coffee’s plant response against the phytopathogen Hemileia vastatrix.. We focused on the identification of genes involved or related with coffee resistance to orange rust caused by the fungi Hemileia vastatrix . This part of the thesis was developed at Biocafé/Bioagro/UFV (Federal University of Vicosa). The methodology used for the isolation of genes involved in resistance was the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), which is based on a preferential amplification performed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of differentially represented sequences in two cDNA populations, and prevention of the amplification of common sequences by suppression event. We used in the present work the Timor Hybrid CIFC 832/2 genotype. Leaves of this genotype were inoculated with uredospores of Hemileia vastatrix (race II). After inoculation, the RNA was extracted from leaves (at 12 and 24 hs) to proceed the suppression subtractive hybridization. We also studied the expression of two genes (cysteine protease and chitinase) by quantitative RT-PCR in two different genotypes, CIFC 832/2 (resistant to H. vastatrix) and Catuaí (susceptible to H. vastatrix). The result showed different patterns of expression of these two genes between these two genotypes. The expression of the two genes in the Timor Hybrid CIFC 832/2 was higher and earlier than was in the Catuaí IAC 44 genotype.
We used a comprehensive approach for the dissection of genetic mechanims controlling plant responses to phytopathogenic species of the genus Verticillium. V. dahliae (Vd) and V. longisporum (Vl) are soil fungi causing vascular diseases in herbaceous plants and trees that result in billions of dollars in annual losses worldwide. The pathogens lack a high degree of host specificity and can colonize and multiply in several different plant species. At the present, there is little or no knowledge of the deterministic molecular and genetic basis of plant resistance/tolerance to Verticillium spp. To address this knowledge gap, we studied the interaction of Vl with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Microarray experiments and metabolite analysis indicated that Vl but not Vd isolates were able of reprogramming the tryptophan (Trp) metabolic pathway resulting in lack of accumulation of the Trp-derived defense compounds indolic glucosinolates (IGs). We are proposing that the Vl pathogenicity strategy involves recruiting the transcription factor WRKY 70 as negative regulator of the IG biosynthesis This part of the thesis was developed at Dr. Paola Veronese’s lab at NCSU (North Carolina State University). We also studied the molecular mechanism involved in coffee’s plant response against the phytopathogen Hemileia vastatrix.. We focused on the identification of genes involved or related with coffee resistance to orange rust caused by the fungi Hemileia vastatrix . This part of the thesis was developed at Biocafé/Bioagro/UFV (Federal University of Vicosa). The methodology used for the isolation of genes involved in resistance was the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), which is based on a preferential amplification performed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of differentially represented sequences in two cDNA populations, and prevention of the amplification of common sequences by suppression event. We used in the present work the Timor Hybrid CIFC 832/2 genotype. Leaves of this genotype were inoculated with uredospores of Hemileia vastatrix (race II). After inoculation, the RNA was extracted from leaves (at 12 and 24 hs) to proceed the suppression subtractive hybridization. We also studied the expression of two genes (cysteine protease and chitinase) by quantitative RT-PCR in two different genotypes, CIFC 832/2 (resistant to H. vastatrix) and Catuaí (susceptible to H. vastatrix). The result showed different patterns of expression of these two genes between these two genotypes. The expression of the two genes in the Timor Hybrid CIFC 832/2 was higher and earlier than was in the Catuaí IAC 44 genotype.
Descrição
Tese de Doutorado defendida na Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Palavras-chave
Fungos fitopatogênicos Resistência de plantas Mecanismos genéticos Verticillium dahliae Verticillium longisoporum, Phytopathogenic fungi Plant resistance Genetic mechanisms Verticillium dahliae Verticillium longisoporum
Citação
Almeida, Robson Ferreira . Host transcriptional responses to vascular and foliar phytopathogenic fungi. Viçosa, 2009. 100p.:il. Tese (Doutorado em Fitotecnia). Orientador: Ney Sussumu Sakiyama. T 631.523 A447h 2009