Controle de Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) e Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor, 1917) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae, Tetranychidae) em cafeeiro e o impacto sobre ácaros benéficos. II - Spirodiclofen e Azocyclotin
Data
2005-05
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Editora UFLA
Resumo
O ácaro Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) é importante em cafeeiro (Coffea spp.) por ser o vetor do vírus da mancha- anular, doença responsável por queda de folhas e má qualidade da bebida do café, e o ácaro-vermelho Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor) por reduzir a área foliar de fotossíntese. Ácaros da família Phytoseiidae, de várias espécies, são eficientes predadores associados aos ácaros-praga. Conduziu-se este trabalho com o objetivo de estudar o controle dos ácaros-praga com spirodiclofen e azocyclotin, e o impacto sobre fitoseídeos. Em laboratório foram estudados os efeitos ovicida, tópico, residual, tópico mais residual e a seletividade fisiológica aos fitoseídeos; em casa-de-vegetação foi avaliada a persistência no controle às duas espécies de ácaros-praga; e em campo foi avaliada a eficiência apenas no controle de B. phoenicis. Os bioensaios foram realizados em arenas de folhas destacadas. O efeito ovicida foi avaliado em ovos no início e final de incubação. Os efeitos residual, tópico e tópico mais residual foram avaliados pela mortalidade de larvas, ninfas e adultos aos oito dias, e a persistência até 30 dias após a aplicação. A seletividade aos fitoseídeos foi avaliada, pelo efeito na mortalidade e reprodução de fêmeas adultas, em teste residual em superfície de vidro. Spirodiclofen e azocyclotin (SC) mostraram eficiente ação ovicida, principalmente para ovos de B. phoenicis no início de incubação. Para ovos de O. ilicis, somente o spirodiclofen apresentou efeito ovicida. Em geral, os efeitos tópico e residual associados melhoraram a eficiência dos produtos no controle das fases pós- embrionárias de ambas as espécies. O spirodiclofen apresentou seletividade aos ácaros predadores, já o azocyclotin foi nocivo. Em campo, ambos os acaricidas mostram-se altamente eficientes na redução de todas as fases pós-embrionárias do ácaro B. phoenicis, principalmente nas folhas.
The mite Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) is important in coffee plants (Coffea spp.) for being the vector of the coffee ringspot virus, disease responsible for leaf fall and bad quality of the coffee beverage. The red spider mite Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor) is also important for reducing the area of photosynthesis in leaves. Mites of the family Phytoseiidae are efficient predators associated to the pest-mites. The objective of this work was to study the control of the pest-mites with spirodiclofen and azocyclotin, and the impact on phytoseiids. Studies were carried out in laboratory conditions on the ovicidal, topical, residual, topical plus residual effects, and the physiological selectivity for the phytoseiids. The persistence of the products in the control of the pest-mites was studied in semi-field conditions. In field-test only was evaluated the efficiency in the control of B. phoenicis. Bioassays were made in detached leaves. The ovicidal effect was evaluated in eggs in the beginning and end of incubation; the residual, topical and topical plus residual effects on larvae, nymphs and adult were assessed through mortality evaluation eight days after spraying, while the persistence was evaluated until 30 days after spraying. The phytoseiids selectivity was evaluated in a glass surface residual test through the adult female's mortality and reproduction effect. Spirodiclofen and azocyclotin (SC) showed efficient ovicidal action, mainly for eggs of B. phoenicis in the beginning of incubation. For eggs of O. ilicis only the spirodiclofen presented ovicidal effect. In general, the associated topical plus residual effects improve the performance of the products in the control of the post-embryonic phases of both species. The spirodiclofen presented selectivity for the predator mites; the azocyclotin was already noxious. In the field, both acaricides showed highly efficiency in the reduction of all the post-embryonic phases of the pest-mite B. phoenicis, mainly in the leaves.
The mite Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) is important in coffee plants (Coffea spp.) for being the vector of the coffee ringspot virus, disease responsible for leaf fall and bad quality of the coffee beverage. The red spider mite Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor) is also important for reducing the area of photosynthesis in leaves. Mites of the family Phytoseiidae are efficient predators associated to the pest-mites. The objective of this work was to study the control of the pest-mites with spirodiclofen and azocyclotin, and the impact on phytoseiids. Studies were carried out in laboratory conditions on the ovicidal, topical, residual, topical plus residual effects, and the physiological selectivity for the phytoseiids. The persistence of the products in the control of the pest-mites was studied in semi-field conditions. In field-test only was evaluated the efficiency in the control of B. phoenicis. Bioassays were made in detached leaves. The ovicidal effect was evaluated in eggs in the beginning and end of incubation; the residual, topical and topical plus residual effects on larvae, nymphs and adult were assessed through mortality evaluation eight days after spraying, while the persistence was evaluated until 30 days after spraying. The phytoseiids selectivity was evaluated in a glass surface residual test through the adult female's mortality and reproduction effect. Spirodiclofen and azocyclotin (SC) showed efficient ovicidal action, mainly for eggs of B. phoenicis in the beginning of incubation. For eggs of O. ilicis only the spirodiclofen presented ovicidal effect. In general, the associated topical plus residual effects improve the performance of the products in the control of the post-embryonic phases of both species. The spirodiclofen presented selectivity for the predator mites; the azocyclotin was already noxious. In the field, both acaricides showed highly efficiency in the reduction of all the post-embryonic phases of the pest-mite B. phoenicis, mainly in the leaves.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ácaro, Mancha-anular, Controle quÍmico, Seletividade, Coffea arabica
Citação
REIS, P. R; PEDRO NETO, M; FRANCO, R. A. Controle de Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) e Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor, 1917) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae, Tetranychidae) em cafeeiro e o impacto sobre ácaros benéficos. II - Spirodiclofen e Azocyclotin. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, Lavras, v. 29, n. 3, p. 528-537, mai./jun. 2005.