Manejo do bicho-mineiro do cafeeiro e seus inimigos naturais com suplementos alimentares
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Data
2001
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Resumo
A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no setor de cafeicultura, Campus da Universidade Federal de Lavras, no período de setembro a dezembro de 2000. Adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, esquema parcela subdividida, com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo alocados nas parcelas os tratamentos e nas subparcelas as épocas de avaliação. Foram avaliados os tratamentos lêvedo de cerveja + mel (1:1) a 20%, melaço a 10%, proteína hidrolisada a 2%, proteína hidrolisada a 2% + calda inseticida (cartap), controle químico com inseticida (cartap) e a testemunha (água). Foram realizadas três avaliações, sendo a primeira antes da aplicação dos tratamentos, a segunda e a terceira aos 30 e 60 dias após a primeira aplicação dos tratamentos, respectivamente. Avaliaram-se a percentagem de folhas minadas e de folhas com sinais de predação por vespas, o número de larvas vivas e a percentagem de parasitismo. Os parasitóides foram identificados pela Dra. Ana Maria Angélica Penteado-Dias, da Universidade de São Paulo, Campus de São Carlos. Observou-se que as parcelas utilizadas eram inicialmente semelhantes quanto à percentagem de folhas minadas e de minas predadas por vespas, viabilidade de larvas, número de pupas do bicho-mineiro coletadas em cinco minutos, parasitismo total e por espécie, sendo as espécies parasitóides mais importantes Orgilus niger, Centistidea striata e Stiropius reticulatus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) e Horismenus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Já na segunda e terceira avaliações verificou-se redução drástica do parasitismo total e por espécie nos tratamentos com isca tóxica e inseticida (50 a 100%, respectivamente). O tratamento proteína hidrolisada + cartap reduziu a ação de vespas predadoras em 82% e de parasitóides em 50%. Os resultados, apesar de preliminares, estão evidenciando que o uso da isca tóxica no controle do bicho-mineiro requer cuidados, já que, ao mesmo tempo em que a praga é
mantida abaixo do nível de controle, a isca tóxica afeta a população de inimigos naturais (vespas e parasitóides).
This research was conducted in the coffee culture sector in the "Campus" of the Universidade Federal de Lavras during the period of September to December 2000. Was adopted a randomized blocks planning, subdivided fragment scheme, with six treatments and four replications. In the fragments, we allocated the treatments and in the subfragments the evaluation times. We evaluated the treatments beer yeast + honey (1:1) at 20%, molasses at 10%, hydrolized protein at 2% + cartap, chemical control with insecticide (cartap) and a testimony (water). It was realized three evaluations, the first one being before the treatments application, the second and the third at 30 and 60 days after the first application of the treatments respectively. We evaluated the percentage of leaves mined with wasps predation signals, the number of alive larvae and the parasitism percentage. The parasitoids were identified by Ana Maria Angélica Penteado Dias Dr. of Universidade de São Paulo "Campus" de São Carlos. It was observed that the used fragments were first quite the same in terms of percentage of mined leaves and of mines predated by wasps, larvae viability, number of coffee leaf miner pupae collected within five minutes, total, parasitism, and by sorts, within them the most important were the parasitoid species. Orgilus niger; Centistidea striata and Stiropius reticulatus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Horismenus sp (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). In the second and third evaluation, it was verified a big reduction of the total parasitism and by sort in the treatments with toxic bait and insecticide. (50 to 100% respectively). The hydrolized protein treatment + cartap has reduced the. predated wasp. action em 82% and the parasitoids in 50%. The results in spite of being preliminary, are showing that the use of toxic bait in the coffee leaf miner control require cares, even if at the same moment that the plague is maintained under the threshold level, the toxic bait affects the natural enemies population (wasps and parasitoids).
This research was conducted in the coffee culture sector in the "Campus" of the Universidade Federal de Lavras during the period of September to December 2000. Was adopted a randomized blocks planning, subdivided fragment scheme, with six treatments and four replications. In the fragments, we allocated the treatments and in the subfragments the evaluation times. We evaluated the treatments beer yeast + honey (1:1) at 20%, molasses at 10%, hydrolized protein at 2% + cartap, chemical control with insecticide (cartap) and a testimony (water). It was realized three evaluations, the first one being before the treatments application, the second and the third at 30 and 60 days after the first application of the treatments respectively. We evaluated the percentage of leaves mined with wasps predation signals, the number of alive larvae and the parasitism percentage. The parasitoids were identified by Ana Maria Angélica Penteado Dias Dr. of Universidade de São Paulo "Campus" de São Carlos. It was observed that the used fragments were first quite the same in terms of percentage of mined leaves and of mines predated by wasps, larvae viability, number of coffee leaf miner pupae collected within five minutes, total, parasitism, and by sorts, within them the most important were the parasitoid species. Orgilus niger; Centistidea striata and Stiropius reticulatus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Horismenus sp (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). In the second and third evaluation, it was verified a big reduction of the total parasitism and by sort in the treatments with toxic bait and insecticide. (50 to 100% respectively). The hydrolized protein treatment + cartap has reduced the. predated wasp. action em 82% and the parasitoids in 50%. The results in spite of being preliminary, are showing that the use of toxic bait in the coffee leaf miner control require cares, even if at the same moment that the plague is maintained under the threshold level, the toxic bait affects the natural enemies population (wasps and parasitoids).
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (2. : 2001 : Vitória, ES). Resumos. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2001. 181p. : il.
Palavras-chave
Broca do café Inimigos naturais Manejo Suplemento alimentar, Coffee agroecosystem Food attractive Natural enemies Natural biological control.
Citação
Ecole, Carvalho C.; Moraes, Jair C.; Silva, Rogério A.; Ferreira, Antônio J.; Carvalho, Geraldo A.; Costa, Denilson B.; Goussain, Márcio M. Manejo do bicho-mineiro do cafeeiro e seus inimigos naturais com suplementos alimentares. In: Simpósio Brasileiro de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (2. : 2001 : Vitória, ES). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2001. (CD-ROM), p. 1983-1991