IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE GENES COM EXPRESSÃO DIFERENCIAL EM FOLHAS DE CAFEEIRO Coffea canephora E Coffea arabica SUBMETIDAS À DIFERENTES CONDIÇÕES DE ESTRESSE HÍDRICO
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2009
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Com a perspectiva de se estabelecer um programa de melhoramento genético por seleção assistida para a tolerância à seca em cafeeiro, o presente trabalho objetivou a identificação de genes candidatos para esta característica, por meio de análises integradas dos perfis de expressão gênica e protéico. Os resultados foram obtidos a partir de análises comparativas da expressão gênica e protéica de diferentes materiais genéticos (Tolerante vs. Sensível) assim como, diferentes regimes hídricos (Controle vs. Estresse hídrico). Os materiais genéticos estudados neste trabalho foram os clones de conillon 22 e 14 (Coffea canephora) e os cultivares Rubi e Iapar 59 (Coffea arabica). O estresse hídrico (Ψ PD =-3,0 MPa) aplicado às plantas de conillon foi obtido em casa de vegetação e no caso de Arabica, foram avaliadas plantas adultas em condições de campo, sendo as folhas colhidas nos períodos diurno e noturno, onde o maior estresse hídrico observado foi de Ψ PD =-1,7 MPa. Após a seleção dos genes candidatos por meio de diferentes estratégias, a expressão diferencial foi validada por qPCR. Os resultados mostram que muitos genes apresentaram uma queda de expressão com o estresse hídrico e esses genes, em geral, codificam proteínas implicadas na fotossíntese. Por outro lado, o estresse hídrico em cafeeiro, também induz a expressão de vários genes já descritos na literatura como essênciais à resposta das plantas à limitação de água, tais como RD29, DREBA e NAC, por exemplo. Já no caso de um gene que codifica para uma dehidrina, os resultados obtidos neste trabalho, permitiram confirmar as expressões diferenciais previamente observadas em C. canephora, também em C. arabica. Contudo, este estudo revelou a importância de outros fatores no controle da expressão desses genes, tais como os ritmos circadianos (ciclos noite/dia), a idade e o “histórico” das plantas, sendo que estas obervações, tornam ainda mais complexa, a interpretação dos dados de expressão diferencial, quando se utiliza material vegetal cultivado em condições de campo.
Aiming at the establishment of a breeding program based on marker-assisted selection for drought tolerance on coffee, the present work had as a goal, the identification of candidate genes for this trait by using an integrated approach (gene expression and proteomics). The data was obtained by comparing gene expression and protein profile of different genetic materials (Tolerant vs. Susceptible) as well as, under different conditions of water supply (Irrigated vs. Non-irrigated). In this work, the genetic materials studied were the conillon clones 22 and 14 (Coffea canephora) and the cultivars Rubi and Iapar 59 (Coffea arabica). The applied water stress (Ψ PD =-3,0 MPa) to the conillon plants was achieved under green-house conditions and, in the case of Arabica, adult plants cultivated under field conditions were studied. In the later case, leaves were collected during day and night, and the most pronounced observed water-stress was of Ψ PD =-1,7 MPa. After selection of candidate genes by different strategies, the expression was confirmed by qPCR analysis. The data obtained indicated that several genes displayed decreased expression upon water stress and usually these were encoding-genes of proteins involved in photosynthesis. On the other hand, the applied water stress on coffee plants also induced a set of genes such as RD29, DREBA and NAC, which have already been described in literature as genes involved in plant responses to drought. In the case of a Dehydrin encoding-gene, the data obtained in this work confirmed previously observed differential expression on C. canephora, on C. arabica, also. However, this study revealed the importance of other factors controlling the expression of these genes, such as the circadian clock, the age as well as the profile of the plants and, these observations make the interpretation of differential expression data obtained from field trials even more complex.
Aiming at the establishment of a breeding program based on marker-assisted selection for drought tolerance on coffee, the present work had as a goal, the identification of candidate genes for this trait by using an integrated approach (gene expression and proteomics). The data was obtained by comparing gene expression and protein profile of different genetic materials (Tolerant vs. Susceptible) as well as, under different conditions of water supply (Irrigated vs. Non-irrigated). In this work, the genetic materials studied were the conillon clones 22 and 14 (Coffea canephora) and the cultivars Rubi and Iapar 59 (Coffea arabica). The applied water stress (Ψ PD =-3,0 MPa) to the conillon plants was achieved under green-house conditions and, in the case of Arabica, adult plants cultivated under field conditions were studied. In the later case, leaves were collected during day and night, and the most pronounced observed water-stress was of Ψ PD =-1,7 MPa. After selection of candidate genes by different strategies, the expression was confirmed by qPCR analysis. The data obtained indicated that several genes displayed decreased expression upon water stress and usually these were encoding-genes of proteins involved in photosynthesis. On the other hand, the applied water stress on coffee plants also induced a set of genes such as RD29, DREBA and NAC, which have already been described in literature as genes involved in plant responses to drought. In the case of a Dehydrin encoding-gene, the data obtained in this work confirmed previously observed differential expression on C. canephora, on C. arabica, also. However, this study revealed the importance of other factors controlling the expression of these genes, such as the circadian clock, the age as well as the profile of the plants and, these observations make the interpretation of differential expression data obtained from field trials even more complex.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011
Palavras-chave
Coffea, estresse hídrico, expressão gênica, genes candidatos, Coffea, water stress, gene expression, candidate genes
Citação
Marraccini, Pierre; Alves, Gabriel Sergio Costa; Vinecky, Felipe; Freire, Luciana Pereira; Vieira, Natalia Gomes; Ramos, Humberto J. O.; Vieira, Luiz Gonzaga Esteves; Elbelt, Sonia; Marques, Thomas; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Andrade, Alan Carvalho. Identificação de genes com expressão diferencial em folhas de cafeeiro Coffea canephora e Coffea arabica subetidas à diferentes condições de estresse hídrico. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011 (1 CD-ROM), 6p.