A INFLUÊNCIA DO MANEJO SOBRE A INCIDÊNCIA DA BROCA-DO-CAFÉ (Hypothenemus hampei) EM SISTEMAS AGROFLORESTAIS NA REGIÃO DO PONTAL DO PARANAPANEMA/SP
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2011
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência do manejo, principalmente o tipo e a época da colheita, sobre a infestação da broca-do-café (Hypothenemus hampei) em sistemas agroflorestais (SAFs) localizados no município de Teodoro Sampaio/SP, região do Pontal do Paranapanema. Para tanto, selecionou-se 3 unidades de produção (sistemas agroflorestais) que adotaram diferentes conduções das lavouras (tratos culturais) e um agroecossistema conduzido a pleno sol, ambos localizados em um mesmo assentamento de reforma agrária, conhecido como Fazenda Ribeirão Bonito. Para a avaliação da infestação da broca (Hypothenemus hampei) nos frutos dos cafeeiros demarcou-se 5 parcelas de 200 m2 em cada SAF, contendo em cada parcela 10 árvores nativas (5,0 x 4,0 m) e 55 cafeeiros (1,0 x 1,0 m, com fileira dupla, ou seja, 2 linhas de cafeeiros e 1 linha de árvore). Foram realizadas observações no mês de abril de 2011 em 10 plantas (cafeeiros) tomadas aleatoriamente (caminhamento em zigue-zague) em cada parcela, 6 pontos/planta, sendo 1 ponto por terço (superior, médio e inferior) em cada lado da planta (norte/sul), totalizando 2 pontos por terço. Cada ponto correspondia a um ramo plagiotrópico do cafeeiro e avaliavam-se todos os frutos presentes nele. Por meio da avaliação da incidência da broca em frutos do cafeeiro pode-se verificar que o agroecossistema SAF JM teve a maior incidência, 72,9% dos frutos atacados, dentre todos os sistemas analisados. O sistema agroflorestal SAF SANT também apresentou alto nível de infestação da broca (24,35%). Contrariamente, a esses dois sistemas agroflorestais a incidência da broca no sistema agroflorestal intitulado SAF BR não atingiu nível de dano econômico, tendo média de 1,7% de incidência. E o agroecossistema monocultivo (café cultivado a pleno sol) não sofreu ataque da broca.
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of management, especially the type and harvest time on the infestation of the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) in agroforestry systems (SAF) located in the municipality of Teodoro Sampaio/SP, the region Pontal Paranapanema. To this end, it was selected 3 production (agroforestry) have adopted different conductions of crops (cultivation) and an ecosystem conducted in full sun, both located in the same land reform settlement, known as Farm Ribeirão Bonito. To evaluate the infestation of borer (Hypothenemus hampei) in the fruits of the trees drew attention to five plots of 200 m2 in each SAF, containing 10 native trees per plot (5.0 x 4.0 m) and 55 coffee plants (1, 0 x 1.0 m, double row, or two rows of coffee trees and a tree line). Observations were made in April 2011 in 10 plants (coffee) taken at random (zigzag pathway) in each plot, 6 points / plant, 1 point for third (upper, middle and bottom) on each side of the plant (north / south), totaling 2 points for third. Each point corresponded to a plagiotrophycal coffee and assessed to all fruits present in it. Through the evaluation of the incidence of fruit borer in coffee can be seen that the SAF JM agroecosystem had the highest incidence, 72.9% of damaged fruits among all the systems analyzed. Agroforestry systems SAF SANT also showed high levels of infestation of the drill (24.35%). Contrary to these two agroforestry systems in the incidence of drill agroforestry system called BR SAF has not reached economic injury level, having averaged 1.7% incidence. And the monoculture agroecosystem (coffee grown in full sun) was not borer attack.
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of management, especially the type and harvest time on the infestation of the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) in agroforestry systems (SAF) located in the municipality of Teodoro Sampaio/SP, the region Pontal Paranapanema. To this end, it was selected 3 production (agroforestry) have adopted different conductions of crops (cultivation) and an ecosystem conducted in full sun, both located in the same land reform settlement, known as Farm Ribeirão Bonito. To evaluate the infestation of borer (Hypothenemus hampei) in the fruits of the trees drew attention to five plots of 200 m2 in each SAF, containing 10 native trees per plot (5.0 x 4.0 m) and 55 coffee plants (1, 0 x 1.0 m, double row, or two rows of coffee trees and a tree line). Observations were made in April 2011 in 10 plants (coffee) taken at random (zigzag pathway) in each plot, 6 points / plant, 1 point for third (upper, middle and bottom) on each side of the plant (north / south), totaling 2 points for third. Each point corresponded to a plagiotrophycal coffee and assessed to all fruits present in it. Through the evaluation of the incidence of fruit borer in coffee can be seen that the SAF JM agroecosystem had the highest incidence, 72.9% of damaged fruits among all the systems analyzed. Agroforestry systems SAF SANT also showed high levels of infestation of the drill (24.35%). Contrary to these two agroforestry systems in the incidence of drill agroforestry system called BR SAF has not reached economic injury level, having averaged 1.7% incidence. And the monoculture agroecosystem (coffee grown in full sun) was not borer attack.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (7. : 2011 : Araxá, MG). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011
Palavras-chave
Hypothenemus hampei, manejo, agricultura familiar, sistemas agroflorestais., Hypothenemus hampei, management, family agriculture, agroforestry.
Citação
Lopes, Paulo Rogério; Kageyama, Paulo Yoshio. A influência do manejo sobre a incidência da broca-do-café (Hypothenemus hampei) em sistemas agroflorestais na região do Pontal do Paranapanema/ SP. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos cafés do Brasil (7. : 2011 : Araxá, MG). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011 (1 CD-ROM), 5p.