Marcadores microssatélites para o cafeeiro
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2005
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Resumo
O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de testar e adaptar marcadores microssatélites para serem rotineiramente utilizados nos trabalhos de genética e melhoramento do cafeeiro. Para isso, foram ajustadas as condições de amplificação de 24 primers microssatélites de café, disponibilizados na literatura. Estes primers, desenvolvidos para Coffea arabica, foram também testados em outras espécies de cafeeiro de importância para o melhoramento visando verificar sua utilidade como primer heterólogo. A adaptação das condições de reação e de amplificação permitiu o uso de 18 primers, sendo que a maioria deles amplificou as três espécies analisadas. O nível de polimorfismo desses microssatélites foi investigado pela amplificação de 60 genótipos, incluindo C. arabica, C. canephora, C. eugenioides e Híbrido de Timor (HT). Observou-se um alto polimorfismo e uma variação de 2 a 9 alelos por marcador. Metade dos primers testados apresentou polimorfismo em C. canephora e 33,3% deles foram polimórficos entre os HT. Foi possível discriminar todos os acessos de C. canephora analisados. Os HT, em geral, apresentaram padrão de bandas semelhante ao dos C. arabica, sendo que seis primers apresentaram polimorfismo, possibilitando a discriminação de 13 acessos, não diferenciados em estudos anteriores com marcadores RAPD. Os resultados demonstraram o potencial dos microssatélites para diferenciar indivíduos geneticamente próximos. Em trabalhos futuros, pretende-se desenvolver novos microssatélites a partir das ESTs do Genoma/Café. Esses novos marcadores, juntamente com os primers adaptados neste trabalho, constituirão em uma importante ferramenta para os estudos genéticos do café no Brasil.
The aim of this work was to test and adapt microsatellite markers for routine use in coffee genetic and breeding programs. For this, the amplification condition of twenty-four coffee microsatellites markers, previously described in the literature, was modified. These primers, developed for Coffea arabica, were tested here, as potential genetic markers to discriminate other coffee species and verify its applicability as cross-amplification primer. The optimization of the reaction and amplification conditions permitted the use of 18 primers, and the most of them amplified the three coffee species analyzed. The polymorphism level of these microsatellites was investigated by amplifying 60 genotypes, including C. arabica, C. canephora, C. eugenioides and Híbrido de Timor (HT). It was observed a high polymorphism and the number of alleles per marker ranged from 2 to 9. Half of the tested primers showed polymorphism in C. canephora and 33.3% of them were polymorphic among the HT. It was possible to discriminate all the C. canephora accessions analyzed. The HTs, in general, presented patterns similar to the C. arabica. Six primers showed polymorphism, discriminating 13 accessions, which had not been differentiated in previews studies with RAPD markers. The results demonstrate the microsatellites potential to distinguish related coffee genotypes. In future works, we intend to develop new microsatellites using the Coffee Genome ESTs. These new markers associated with the primers adapted in this work will be an important tool for coffee genetic studies in Brazil.
The aim of this work was to test and adapt microsatellite markers for routine use in coffee genetic and breeding programs. For this, the amplification condition of twenty-four coffee microsatellites markers, previously described in the literature, was modified. These primers, developed for Coffea arabica, were tested here, as potential genetic markers to discriminate other coffee species and verify its applicability as cross-amplification primer. The optimization of the reaction and amplification conditions permitted the use of 18 primers, and the most of them amplified the three coffee species analyzed. The polymorphism level of these microsatellites was investigated by amplifying 60 genotypes, including C. arabica, C. canephora, C. eugenioides and Híbrido de Timor (HT). It was observed a high polymorphism and the number of alleles per marker ranged from 2 to 9. Half of the tested primers showed polymorphism in C. canephora and 33.3% of them were polymorphic among the HT. It was possible to discriminate all the C. canephora accessions analyzed. The HTs, in general, presented patterns similar to the C. arabica. Six primers showed polymorphism, discriminating 13 accessions, which had not been differentiated in previews studies with RAPD markers. The results demonstrate the microsatellites potential to distinguish related coffee genotypes. In future works, we intend to develop new microsatellites using the Coffee Genome ESTs. These new markers associated with the primers adapted in this work will be an important tool for coffee genetic studies in Brazil.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (4. : 2005 : Londrina, PR). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2005.
Palavras-chave
Microssatélites SSR Marcadores moleculares Café Melhoramento genético Coffea sp., Microsatellites SSR Molecular markers Coffee breeding Coffea sp.
Citação
Rufino, Raphael José Nascif; Caixeta, Eveline Teixeira; Zambolim, Eunize Maciel; Pena, Guilherme Ferreira; Almeida, Robson Ferreira de; Alvarenga, Samuel Mazzinghy; Zambolim, Laércio; Sakiyama, Ney Susssumu. Marcadores microssatélites para o cafeeiro. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (4. : Londrina, PR : 2005). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa - Café, 2005. (1 CD-ROM), 5p.