DESEMPENHO DE HÍBRIDOS INTERVARIETAIS DE CAFÉ CANÉFORA EM RONDÔNIA
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2009
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O presente trabalho objetivou a avaliação de híbridos inter-varietais de café canéfora. O ensaio foi instalado em janeiro de 2005, na Estação Experimental da Embrapa Rondônia, no município de Ouro Preto do Oeste – RO, a 10o 45 ́S, 62o 15 ́W e 300m de altitude. Foi utilizado delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, parcelas de oito plantas e espaçamento de 3,5m x 1,5m. Os tratamentos foram compostos pelos híbridos: 1) ‘Robusta IAC 640 x Cpafro 199’; 2) ‘Robusta IAC 640 x Cpafro 194’; 3) ‘Cpafro 199 x Cpafro 183’; 4) ‘Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 640’; 5) ‘Encapa 03 x Cpafro 183’; 6) ‘Encapa 03 x Cpafro 194’; 7) ‘Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 1675’; 8) ‘Encapa 03 x Apoatã 2258’ e 9) ‘Robusta IAC 1675 x Cpafro 194’. Os híbridos foram avaliados quanto à produção de café beneficiado aos 24 e 36 meses após o plantio. Na segunda safra, também foram registrados os dados de peneira média e percentual de frutos com lojas vazias. A ocorrência de ferrugem foi monitorada durante todo o período de 36 meses. Na média das duas safras, os híbridos mais produtivos foram ‘Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 1675’ (56,3 sc/ha) e ‘Encapa 03 x Apoatã IAC 2258’ (55,46 sc/ha). A peneira média variou de 14,9 a 16,5, sendo que os híbridos ‘Robusta IAC 1675 x Cpafro 194’, ‘Cpafro 199 x Cpafro 183’, ‘Robusta IAC 640 x Cpafro 199’ e ‘Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 1675’ apresentaram peneira média maior que 16. O percentual de frutos com lojas vazias variou de 4,5 a 13,3. Três combinações híbridas apresentaram sintomas de ferrugem, no entanto, nenhuma planta com sintoma de ferrugem foi observada entre os híbridos que tiveram Robusta como genitor. De modo geral, os melhores híbridos foram ‘Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 1675’ e ‘Encapa 03 x Apoatã IAC 2258’, que apresentaram alta produtividade, elevada peneira média e ausência de ferrugem.
This study aimed to evaluate the inter-varietal hybrids of robusta coffee. The experiment was set in January 2005, at the Experimental Station of Embrapa Rondônia, in the city of Ouro Preto do Oeste - RO, to 10o45'S, 62o15'W and 300m of altitude. It was used a randomized block design with four replications and plots of eight plants and spacing of 3.5 m x 1.5 m. The treatments were composed of the following hybrids: 1) 'Robusta IAC 640 x Cpafro 199', 2) 'Robusta IAC 640 x Cpafro 194', 3) 'Cpafro 199 x Cpafro 183' 4) 'Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 640'; 5) 'Cpafro Encapa 03 x Cpafro 183', 6) 'Encapa 03 x Cpafro 194', 7) 'Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 1675', 8) 'Encapa 03 x Apoatã IAC 2258' and 9) 'Robusta IAC 1675 x Cpafro 194'. The hybrids were evaluated for the production of green coffee at 24 and 36 months after planting. In the second harvest, we also evaluated the size of the beans and percent of fruits with empty locules. The occurrence of leaf rust was monitored throughout the period of 36 months. In the average of the two seasons, the most productive hybrids were: 'Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 1675' (56.3 sc/ha) and ' Encapa 03 x Apoatã IAC 2258' (55.46 sc/ha). The sieve average, that measures bean size, ranged from 14.9 to 16.5‘, and the following hybrids presented sieve average higher than 16: Robusta IAC 1675 x Cpafro 194’, ‘Cpafro 199 x Cpafro 183’, ‘Robusta IAC 640 x Cpafro 199’ and ‘Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 1675’. The percent of fruits with empty locules ranged from 4.5 to 13.3. Three hybrids presented symptoms of leaf rust, however, there was no symptomatic plant among those hybrids originated from Robusta parental. In general, the best hybrids were 'Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 1675' and 'Encapa 03 x Apoatã IAC 2258', which presented higher yield, high size of beans and no leaf rust.
This study aimed to evaluate the inter-varietal hybrids of robusta coffee. The experiment was set in January 2005, at the Experimental Station of Embrapa Rondônia, in the city of Ouro Preto do Oeste - RO, to 10o45'S, 62o15'W and 300m of altitude. It was used a randomized block design with four replications and plots of eight plants and spacing of 3.5 m x 1.5 m. The treatments were composed of the following hybrids: 1) 'Robusta IAC 640 x Cpafro 199', 2) 'Robusta IAC 640 x Cpafro 194', 3) 'Cpafro 199 x Cpafro 183' 4) 'Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 640'; 5) 'Cpafro Encapa 03 x Cpafro 183', 6) 'Encapa 03 x Cpafro 194', 7) 'Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 1675', 8) 'Encapa 03 x Apoatã IAC 2258' and 9) 'Robusta IAC 1675 x Cpafro 194'. The hybrids were evaluated for the production of green coffee at 24 and 36 months after planting. In the second harvest, we also evaluated the size of the beans and percent of fruits with empty locules. The occurrence of leaf rust was monitored throughout the period of 36 months. In the average of the two seasons, the most productive hybrids were: 'Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 1675' (56.3 sc/ha) and ' Encapa 03 x Apoatã IAC 2258' (55.46 sc/ha). The sieve average, that measures bean size, ranged from 14.9 to 16.5‘, and the following hybrids presented sieve average higher than 16: Robusta IAC 1675 x Cpafro 194’, ‘Cpafro 199 x Cpafro 183’, ‘Robusta IAC 640 x Cpafro 199’ and ‘Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 1675’. The percent of fruits with empty locules ranged from 4.5 to 13.3. Three hybrids presented symptoms of leaf rust, however, there was no symptomatic plant among those hybrids originated from Robusta parental. In general, the best hybrids were 'Encapa 03 x Robusta IAC 1675' and 'Encapa 03 x Apoatã IAC 2258', which presented higher yield, high size of beans and no leaf rust.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011
Palavras-chave
Coffea canephora, melhoramento genético, hibridação, seleção recorrente, grupos heteróticos, Coffea canephora, genetic breeding, hybridization, recurrent selection, heterotic groups
Citação
Souza, Flávio de França; Diocleciano, João Maria; Ferro, Gilvan de Oliveira. Desempenho de híbridos intervarietais de café em Rondônia. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011 (1 CD-ROM), 4p.