EFEITO DE COBERTURA VERDE COM LEGUMINOSA PERENE NA SUPRESSÃO DA INFESTAÇÃO DE PLANTAS DANINHAS DO CAFÉ EM PRODUÇÃO
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Data
2009
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Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de controle de espécies leguminosas perenes sobre as plantas daninhas do café (Coffea arabica) em produção. O experimento foi instalado em Patrocínio-MG, utilizando-se uma lavoura de café com idade de 8 anos, variedade catuaí, linhagem IAC-99, tendo espaçamento de 3,80 x 0,70m. Foram aplicados 10 tratamentos em esquema fatorial 4x2+2: 4 espécies de leguminosas perenes: (Arachis pintoi, Macrotyloma axillare, Neonotonia wightii e Calopogonium mucunoides); 2 espaçamentos de plantio das leguminosas (2 linhas de 0,50 m e 3 linhas entre 0,25 m) e 2 tratamentos adicionais de controle das plantas daninhas (capina manual e controle químico). O delineamento foi de blocos casualizados com 4 repetições. Não houve efeito do espaçamento de plantio das leguminosas na cobertura do solo, na infestação de plantas daninhas e no índice produtivo do café. No geral as leguminosas proporcionaram menor infestação das plantas daninhas, comparadas à capina manual e controle químico, sendo que no primeiro ano as espécies Macrotyloma axillare, Calopogonium mucunoides e Arachis pintoi obtiveram menores infestações, porém no segundo ano de condução do experimento, as espécies Macrotyloma axillare e Neonotonia wightii seguida pelo Arachis pintoi foram as que apresentaram menores infestações de plantas daninhas. Na cobertura do solo pelas leguminosas, inicialmente no primeiro ano, a espécie Arachis pintoi apresentou uma taxa de cobertura inferior às demais, porém no segundo ano essa espécie foi superior. Dentre as espécies de plantas daninhas identificadas, independente do tratamento utilizado, o picão-preto (Bidens pilosa) foi o mais freqüente, tanto no primeiro como no segundo ano. Não houve interferência das espécies leguminosas no índice produtivo do café.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the control potential of perennial legumes species on the infestation of weeds between the rows of coffee (Coffea arabica) in production. The experiment was established in Patrocínio-Minas Gerais State, Brazil, using a producing coffee crop 8 years old, variety Catuaí (IAC-99) with a 3.80 x 0.70m spacing. Were applied 10 treatments with a factorial design 4x2+2: four species (Arachis pintoi, Macrotyloma axillare, Neonotonia wightii and Calopogonium mucunoides); two legumes planting spacing (2 rows between 0.50 m and 3 rows between 0.25 m), and two additional treatments of weed control (hand weeding and chemical control). The design was of randomized complete blocks with four repetitions. There was no effect of planting spacing of legumes on soil cover on weed infestation and productive rate of the coffee tree. In general, legumes provided less infestation of weeds as compared with hand weeding and chemical control, in the first year, species Macrotyloma axillare, Calopogonium mucunoides and Arachis pintoi obtained least intense infestations, but in the second year of conduction of the experiment, the species Macrotyloma axillare and Neonotonia wightii followed by Arachis pintoi were the ones which presented least intense infestations of weeds. In soil cover by the legumes, at first in the first year, the species Arachis pintoi presented a rate of covering inferior to the others, but, in the second year, that species was superior. Out of the species of weeds, regardless of the treatment utilized, picão-preto (Bidens pilosa) was the most frequent, both in the first and in the second year. There was no interference of legumes species on the coffee tree’s productive rate.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the control potential of perennial legumes species on the infestation of weeds between the rows of coffee (Coffea arabica) in production. The experiment was established in Patrocínio-Minas Gerais State, Brazil, using a producing coffee crop 8 years old, variety Catuaí (IAC-99) with a 3.80 x 0.70m spacing. Were applied 10 treatments with a factorial design 4x2+2: four species (Arachis pintoi, Macrotyloma axillare, Neonotonia wightii and Calopogonium mucunoides); two legumes planting spacing (2 rows between 0.50 m and 3 rows between 0.25 m), and two additional treatments of weed control (hand weeding and chemical control). The design was of randomized complete blocks with four repetitions. There was no effect of planting spacing of legumes on soil cover on weed infestation and productive rate of the coffee tree. In general, legumes provided less infestation of weeds as compared with hand weeding and chemical control, in the first year, species Macrotyloma axillare, Calopogonium mucunoides and Arachis pintoi obtained least intense infestations, but in the second year of conduction of the experiment, the species Macrotyloma axillare and Neonotonia wightii followed by Arachis pintoi were the ones which presented least intense infestations of weeds. In soil cover by the legumes, at first in the first year, the species Arachis pintoi presented a rate of covering inferior to the others, but, in the second year, that species was superior. Out of the species of weeds, regardless of the treatment utilized, picão-preto (Bidens pilosa) was the most frequent, both in the first and in the second year. There was no interference of legumes species on the coffee tree’s productive rate.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011
Palavras-chave
café arábica, leguminosa, cobertura verde., Coffea arabica, legume, cover crop.
Citação
Santos, Julio Cesar Freitas; Cunha, Aquiles Junior da. Efeito de cobertura verde com leguminosa perene na supressão da infestação de plantas daninhas do café em produção. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011 (1 CD-ROM), 5p.