EFEITO DA COBERTURA VEGETAL SOBRE AS CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS DE UM LATOSSOLO CULTIVADO COM CAFEEIRO (Coffea arabica L.)
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Data
2009
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Resumo
Dentre as práticas de manejo utilizadas na cafeicultura, o manejo de plantas invasoras destaca-se por ser uma das práticas mais intensivas em lavouras cafeeiras além dos seus aspectos relacionados à qualidade ambiental e efeitos indiretos na produção destas lavouras. Observa-se em estudos que a aplicação de práticas que contribuem para a proteção do solo, pode melhorar a qualidade física do solo e aumentar a produtividade das lavouras. Foi realizado então um estudo em duas propriedades contíguas no município de Machado, Sul de Minas Gerais, com o objetivo de determinar o efeito da cobertura vegetal sobre alguns atributos físicos de um Latossolo cultivado com cafeeiro. Utilizou-se os seguintes sistemas de manejo: lavoura cafeeira com cobertura vegetal (CCV/3), lavoura cafeeira sem cobertura vegetal (CSCV/3), ambas com 3 anos de idade, lavoura cafeeira com cobertura vegetal (CCV/20) e bananal com cobertura vegetal (BCV/20), ambos de 20 anos de idade, este último utilizado como referência para comparações. Foram coletadas amostras indeformadas, na projeção da copa do cafeeiro e nas entrelinhas para as seguintes análises físicas: densidade de solo (Ds), densidade de partícula (Dp), volume total de poros (VTP), macroporosidade (Ma), microporosidade (Mi) e relação de macro e microporosidade (Ma/Mi). Os valores de densidade do solo na projeção da copa do cafeeiro decrescem de acordo com a cobertura vegetal, ou seja, apresentam maiores valores para o tratamento CSCV/3, seguindo pelo BCV/20, CCV/3 e CCC/20. Para o tratamento sem cobertura na projeção da copa, os valores de densidade e volume total de poros foram superiores e inferiores respectivamente, quando comparados aos demais tratamentos e em profundidades diferenciou somente a densidade. Nas entrelinhas não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos, mostrando que a dinâmica desses atributos físicos não foi influenciada, enquanto que em profundidades mostrou-se alteração nos atributos físicos, com exceção da microporosidade. A presença da cobertura vegetal melhorou as propriedades físicas do solo na projeção da copa do cafeeiro, ao passo que o solo descoberto houve degradação.
A among the practice of management used in coffee, the management of invading plants is one of the practice more intensive in farming of coffee, beside of its aspects cannected with the envirament quality and indirect efects in a production in this farming. The aplications of practices that contribute for the protection of the soil, can make the physical quality better and add the production of farming can be observed in studies. One study was connected in two farm besides each other in Machado, Minas Gerais, with the main to determine the effect of the vegetative cover on the some physical characteristcs of the Latosol cultivated in farming of coffe. It was used this following system handle: coffe crop with vegetative cover (CCV/3), coffe crop without vegetative cover (CSCV/3), both with 3 years, coffee crop with vegetative cover (CCC/20) and bananal with vegetative cover (BCV/20), both of 20 years, this last utilized how referring for comparations. The indeformed samples were colected in the protection of the projection of the top and in the middle of the row of the farming for the following physical analyses: soil density (Ds), particle density (Dp), total volume porosity (VTP), macroporosity (Ma), microporosity (Mi) and the relation of macro and microporosity (Ma/Mi). The values of soil density in a projection of the top of the coffee decrease according with the vegetative cover, otherwise, the soil density present more rolues for the treatment CSCV/3, following by BCV/20, CCV/3 e CCC/20. For the treatment withaut cover in the projection of the top, the ralues of density and total volume porosity were superior and inferior, respectivity, when compared with the other treatment and in depth only the density was different. There was no significant difference in the middle of the row in the farming among treatments, showing that the dynamic of these physical attributes wasn’t influenced, while in depth showed changes in the physical attributes, except with the microporosity. The presence of the vegetative cover makes the physical proprieties of the soil better in the projection of the top of the coffe, while with the soil without the vegetative cover occured degradation.
A among the practice of management used in coffee, the management of invading plants is one of the practice more intensive in farming of coffee, beside of its aspects cannected with the envirament quality and indirect efects in a production in this farming. The aplications of practices that contribute for the protection of the soil, can make the physical quality better and add the production of farming can be observed in studies. One study was connected in two farm besides each other in Machado, Minas Gerais, with the main to determine the effect of the vegetative cover on the some physical characteristcs of the Latosol cultivated in farming of coffe. It was used this following system handle: coffe crop with vegetative cover (CCV/3), coffe crop without vegetative cover (CSCV/3), both with 3 years, coffee crop with vegetative cover (CCC/20) and bananal with vegetative cover (BCV/20), both of 20 years, this last utilized how referring for comparations. The indeformed samples were colected in the protection of the projection of the top and in the middle of the row of the farming for the following physical analyses: soil density (Ds), particle density (Dp), total volume porosity (VTP), macroporosity (Ma), microporosity (Mi) and the relation of macro and microporosity (Ma/Mi). The values of soil density in a projection of the top of the coffee decrease according with the vegetative cover, otherwise, the soil density present more rolues for the treatment CSCV/3, following by BCV/20, CCV/3 e CCC/20. For the treatment withaut cover in the projection of the top, the ralues of density and total volume porosity were superior and inferior, respectivity, when compared with the other treatment and in depth only the density was different. There was no significant difference in the middle of the row in the farming among treatments, showing that the dynamic of these physical attributes wasn’t influenced, while in depth showed changes in the physical attributes, except with the microporosity. The presence of the vegetative cover makes the physical proprieties of the soil better in the projection of the top of the coffe, while with the soil without the vegetative cover occured degradation.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011
Palavras-chave
manejo de plantas invasoras, qualidade do solo e propriedades físicas., management of invading plants, soil quality end physical properties
Citação
Carmo, Davi Lopes do; Nannetti, Dulcimara Carvalho; Araujo Junior, Cezar Francisco; Dias Junior, Moacir de Souza; Albuquerque, Alfredo Domingues; Espírito Santo, Djalma José do; Lacerda, Tales Machado; Damaceno, Leandro Amorim. Efeito da cobertura vegetal sobre as características físicas de um latossolo cultivado com cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.). In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011 (1 CD-ROM), 6p.