Produção e sortimento de madeira de Toona ciliata var. australis cultivada no entorno de cafezais
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Data
2020-02-18
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar as características dendrométricas e ajustar modelos hipsométricos, volumétricos e de afilamento do fuste, bem como realização de análise de sortimento e de multiprodutos da madeira, para avaliação da produção de madeira do Cedro- australiano (Toona ciliata) cultivado no entorno de talhões de cafezais, em Coimbra, Zona da Mata mineira. Foram mensuradas árvores de 6, 8, 9 e 10 anos de idade, cultivadas em fileiras simples, distanciadas em 3 m entre si, nos perímetros dos talhões de cafezais. Foram selecionados 60 indivíduos de cada idade para realização de um inventário. As árvores foram agrupadas em classes diamétricas com 2 cm de amplitude, sendo selecionadas três em cada classe para realização de uma cubagem não destrutiva. Foi realizada análise da distribuição diamétrica e, para análise da relação hipsométrica, foram ajustados dois modelos exponenciais e um modelo potencial. Para estimativas do volume de madeira foram ajustados um modelo volumétrico e quatro modelos de afilamento do fuste. A produção foi estimada por área (hectare) cultivada com cafeeiro, bem como por quilômetro (km) de vias de acesso que circundam os talhões. Para a análise de rendimento otimizado de madeira serrada em multiprodutos foram considerados dois sortimentos: 1 - toras de 2,4 m de comprimento, com diâmetro mínimo de 25 cm; e 2 - toras de 1,0 m de comprimento, com diâmetro de 10 a 25 cm na extremidade mais fina. As maiores classes de diâmetro foram observadas nas árvores com 10 anos de idade e as menores naquelas com 6 anos, sendo que em todas as idades identificou-se tendência de distribuição normal. A relação hipsométrica foi melhor representada por um modelo exponencial, sendo indicada a realização do ajuste individual para cada idade avaliada. A produção de madeira estimada foi de 18,88; 54,23; 65,15 e 72,42m³ ha -1 cultivado com cafeeiro, para as idades 6, 8, 9 e 10 anos, respectivamente. Para as análises de afilamento do fuste o modelo proposto por Garay foi o que apresentou melhor ajuste, sendo que a análise considerando os sortimentos 1 e 2 proporcionou aproveitamento total de 87,15% da madeira e a análise de multiprodutos promoveu a otimização das possíveis medidas de corte a serem adotadas na serraria.Palavras-chave: Sistemas Agroflorestais. Cedro-australiano. Coffea spp. Inventário. Produção de madeira.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the dendrometric characteristics and adjust hypsometric, volumetric and taper models, as well as carrying out analysis of assortment and wood multi- products, to evaluate the wood production of Australian Cedar (Toona Ciliata) grown surrounding coffee plantations, in Coimbra, Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais. Trees with 6, 8, 9 and 10 years of age were measured, they were cultivated in simple rows on the perimeters of the coffee plantations and spaced 3 m apart. Sixty individuals of each age were selected to carry out an inventory. The trees were grouped in diametric classes with an amplitude of 2 cm, with three being selected in each class to perform a non-destructive cubing. An analysis of the diametric distribution was carried out and, to analyze the hypsometric relationship, two exponential models and one potential model were adjusted. To estimate the volume of wood, a volumetric model and four taper models were adjusted. The production was estimated by area (hectare) cultivated with coffee, as well as by kilometer (km) of access roads surrounding the plots. For the analysis of optimized yield of sawn wood in multi-products, two assortments were considered: 1 - logs of 2.4 m in length, with a minimum diameter of 25 cm; and 2 - 1.0 m long logs, with a diameter of 10 to 25 cm at the thinnest end. The largest diameter classes were observed in trees at 10 years of age and the smallest in those at 6 years of age, with a tendency for normal distribution at all ages. The hypsometric relationship was best represented by an exponential model, with individual adjustment being indicated for each age assessed. The estimated wood production was 18.88; 54.23; 65.15 and 72.42 m³ ha -1 cultivated with coffee, for ages 6, 8, 9 and 10 years, respectively. For the tapering analysis, the model proposed by Garay was the one with the best adjustment, and the analysis considering assortments 1 and 2 provided a total use of 87.15% of the wood, and the analysis of multi- products promoted the optimization of possible measures of cut to be adopted in the sawmill. Keywords: Agroforestry Systems. Australian-cedar. Coffea spp. Inventory. Timber Production.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the dendrometric characteristics and adjust hypsometric, volumetric and taper models, as well as carrying out analysis of assortment and wood multi- products, to evaluate the wood production of Australian Cedar (Toona Ciliata) grown surrounding coffee plantations, in Coimbra, Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais. Trees with 6, 8, 9 and 10 years of age were measured, they were cultivated in simple rows on the perimeters of the coffee plantations and spaced 3 m apart. Sixty individuals of each age were selected to carry out an inventory. The trees were grouped in diametric classes with an amplitude of 2 cm, with three being selected in each class to perform a non-destructive cubing. An analysis of the diametric distribution was carried out and, to analyze the hypsometric relationship, two exponential models and one potential model were adjusted. To estimate the volume of wood, a volumetric model and four taper models were adjusted. The production was estimated by area (hectare) cultivated with coffee, as well as by kilometer (km) of access roads surrounding the plots. For the analysis of optimized yield of sawn wood in multi-products, two assortments were considered: 1 - logs of 2.4 m in length, with a minimum diameter of 25 cm; and 2 - 1.0 m long logs, with a diameter of 10 to 25 cm at the thinnest end. The largest diameter classes were observed in trees at 10 years of age and the smallest in those at 6 years of age, with a tendency for normal distribution at all ages. The hypsometric relationship was best represented by an exponential model, with individual adjustment being indicated for each age assessed. The estimated wood production was 18.88; 54.23; 65.15 and 72.42 m³ ha -1 cultivated with coffee, for ages 6, 8, 9 and 10 years, respectively. For the tapering analysis, the model proposed by Garay was the one with the best adjustment, and the analysis considering assortments 1 and 2 provided a total use of 87.15% of the wood, and the analysis of multi- products promoted the optimization of possible measures of cut to be adopted in the sawmill. Keywords: Agroforestry Systems. Australian-cedar. Coffea spp. Inventory. Timber Production.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Viçosa.
Palavras-chave
Agrossivicultura, Coffea arabica, Toona, Madeira
Citação
NUNES, Maria Tereza Angeletti. Produção e sortimento de madeira de Toona ciliata var. australis cultivada no entorno de cafezais. 2020. 43 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência Florestal) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa - MG. 2020.