Acúmulo de micronutrientes em materiais genéticos de cafeeiro Conilon
Data
2016-12-15
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Objetivando caracterizar o acúmulo de micronutrientes (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe e B), de matéria seca e verificar a variação no conteúdo destes elementos em materiais genéticos de cafeeiro Conilon, realizou-se um estudo utilizando os seguintes materiais genéticos: cinco clones (02, 03, 14, 23, 120) pertencentes à INCAPER 8142 – Cultivar Vitória, variedade clonal, e EMCAPER 8151 – Robusta Tropical, variedade de propagação por semente, conduzido na Fazenda Experimental Bananal do Norte do Incaper, localizada no distrito de Pacotuba, em Cachoeiro do Itapemirim (ES). Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com 27 amostragens, realizando a coleta de plantas inteiras, uma de cada material genético. A matéria seca total aumentou de forma crescente até o quarto ano de idade, alcançando 6,42 kg/planta e os compartimentos analisados (folhas, ramos, caule, raiz e frutos) alcançaram 1,02 kg/planta, 0,60 kg/planta, 3,21 kg/planta, 0,37 kg/planta e 1,20 kg/planta, respectivamente. Os conteúdos de Fe, Mn, B, Cu e Zn na planta aumentaram de forma crescente até o quarto ano de idade, alcançando 1.368,42 mg, 788,53 mg, 174,40 mg, 78,76 mg, e 72,63 mg, respectivamente. A ordem de acúmulo foi: Fe > Mn > B > Cu > Zn. Os maiores teores de Cu estão nos frutos e nas folhas, o de Zn nas raízes, Mn nas folhas e nos ramos, Fe nas raízes e B nas folhas. Não foi observada nenhuma diferenciação nos teores foliares entre os micronutrientes avaliados. Os teores B não se diferenciaram nos compartimentos analisados entre os materiais genéticos. As folhas apresentaram maiores conteúdos de Mn e B, o caule apresentou maiores conteúdos de Cu e Zn e as raízes apresentaram maiores conteúdos de Fe. Os materiais genéticos de cafeeiro Conilon estudados apresentaram uma taxa de acúmulo diário de matéria seca de 4,0572 g planta -1 dia -1 e as taxas de acúmulo diário de micronutrientes (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe e B) de 0,0470 mg planta -1 dia -1 , 0,0463 mg planta -1 dia -1 , 0,4638 mg planta -1 dia -1 , 0,9805 mg planta -1 dia -1 e 0,1128 mg planta -1 dia -1 , respectivamente. As maiores taxas de acúmulo anual vegetativa para os micronutrientes foram observadas nas folhas, com exceção do Fe, que apresentou as maiores taxas de acúmulo nas raízes. A maior taxa de acúmulo anual de matéria seca vegetativa foi verificada no Robusta Tropical e nos clones 23 e 120, e a menor taxa de acúmulo anual de matéria seca no Clone 14. Aos 4 anos de idade, a maior parte do total de matéria seca acumulada foi alocada no caule (50%), seguido pelos frutos (19%), folhas (16%), ramos (9%) e raízes (6%).
In order to characterize the accumulation of micronutrients (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and B) of dry matter and verify the variation in the content of these elements in genetic material of Conilon coffee, a study was carried out using the following genetic materials: five clones (02, 03, 14, 23, 120) belonging to INCAPER 8142 - Cultivar Vitória, clonal variety, and EMCAPER 8151 - Robusta Tropical, seed propagation variety, conducted at the Incaper Bananal Experimental Farm located in the Pacotuba district, In Cachoeiro do Itapemirim (ES). The experimental design of randomized blocks with 27 samplings was carried out, collecting whole plants, one of each genetic material. The total dry matter increased until the fourth year of age, reaching 6,42 kg/plant and the analyzed compartments (leaves, branches, stem, root and fruits) reached 1,02 kg/plant, 0,60 kg/plant, 3,21 kg/plant, 0,37 kg/plant and 1,20 kg/plant, respectively. The contents of Fe, Mn, B, Cu and Zn in the plant increased incrementally until the fourth year of age, reaching 1.368,42 mg, 788,53 mg, 174,40 mg, 78,76 mg, and 72,63 mg Mg, respectively. The order of accumulation was: Fe > Mn > B > Cu > Zn. The highest levels of Cu are in fruits and leaves, Zn in roots, Mn in leaves and branches, Fe in roots and B in leaves. No differences were observed in the leaf contents between the evaluated micronutrients. The B contents did not differ in the compartments analyzed between the genetic materials. The leaves had higher contents of Mn and B, the stem had higher contents of Cu and Zn and the roots had higher Fe contents. The genetic materials of Conilon coffee trees studied presented a daily dry matter accumulation rate of 4,0572 g plant day -1 and daily ,accumulation rates (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and B) of 0,0470 mg plant -1 day -1 , 0,0463 mg plant -1 day -1 , 0,4638 mg plant -1 day -1 , 0,9805 mg plant -1 day -1 and 0,1128 mg plant -1 day -1 , respectively. The highest annual vegetative accumulation rates for micronutrients were observed in the leaves, with the exception of Fe, which presented the highest accumulation rates in the roots. The highest rate of annual accumulation of vegetative dry matter was observed in Tropical Robusta and clones 23 and 120, and the lowest annual dry matter accumulation rate in Clone 14. At 4 years of age, most of the total dry matter were allocated to the stalk (50%), followed fruits (19%), leaves (16%), branches (9%) and roots (6%).
In order to characterize the accumulation of micronutrients (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and B) of dry matter and verify the variation in the content of these elements in genetic material of Conilon coffee, a study was carried out using the following genetic materials: five clones (02, 03, 14, 23, 120) belonging to INCAPER 8142 - Cultivar Vitória, clonal variety, and EMCAPER 8151 - Robusta Tropical, seed propagation variety, conducted at the Incaper Bananal Experimental Farm located in the Pacotuba district, In Cachoeiro do Itapemirim (ES). The experimental design of randomized blocks with 27 samplings was carried out, collecting whole plants, one of each genetic material. The total dry matter increased until the fourth year of age, reaching 6,42 kg/plant and the analyzed compartments (leaves, branches, stem, root and fruits) reached 1,02 kg/plant, 0,60 kg/plant, 3,21 kg/plant, 0,37 kg/plant and 1,20 kg/plant, respectively. The contents of Fe, Mn, B, Cu and Zn in the plant increased incrementally until the fourth year of age, reaching 1.368,42 mg, 788,53 mg, 174,40 mg, 78,76 mg, and 72,63 mg Mg, respectively. The order of accumulation was: Fe > Mn > B > Cu > Zn. The highest levels of Cu are in fruits and leaves, Zn in roots, Mn in leaves and branches, Fe in roots and B in leaves. No differences were observed in the leaf contents between the evaluated micronutrients. The B contents did not differ in the compartments analyzed between the genetic materials. The leaves had higher contents of Mn and B, the stem had higher contents of Cu and Zn and the roots had higher Fe contents. The genetic materials of Conilon coffee trees studied presented a daily dry matter accumulation rate of 4,0572 g plant day -1 and daily ,accumulation rates (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and B) of 0,0470 mg plant -1 day -1 , 0,0463 mg plant -1 day -1 , 0,4638 mg plant -1 day -1 , 0,9805 mg plant -1 day -1 and 0,1128 mg plant -1 day -1 , respectively. The highest annual vegetative accumulation rates for micronutrients were observed in the leaves, with the exception of Fe, which presented the highest accumulation rates in the roots. The highest rate of annual accumulation of vegetative dry matter was observed in Tropical Robusta and clones 23 and 120, and the lowest annual dry matter accumulation rate in Clone 14. At 4 years of age, most of the total dry matter were allocated to the stalk (50%), followed fruits (19%), leaves (16%), branches (9%) and roots (6%).
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.
Palavras-chave
Café Conilon, Nutrição mineral, Proporção
Citação
VENANCIO, F. C. D. Acúmulo de micronutrientes em materiais genéticos de cafeeiro Conilon. 2016. 65 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Produção Vegetal) - Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre. 2016.