Composto orgânico e biofertilizante na nutrição do cafeeiro em formação no sistema orgânico
Data
2004-03-05
Autores
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
A agricultura orgânica é uma tendência mundial, motivada por aspectos como reciclagem de biomassa, sustentabilidade da agricultura e conservação de recursos naturais. Há demanda de mercado para todos os produtos agrícolas, dentre eles o café. Porém, a pesquisa científica nessa área é recente e necessária em áreas fundamentais, como a adubação em sistemas orgânicos. Com o objetivo de avaliar a adubação de plantio com composto orgânico associada à aplicação foliar de “supermagro” no desenvolvimento e crescimento do cafeeiro, cultivar Topázio MG-1190, instalou-se um experimento em casa de vegetação no Setor de Cafeicultura do Departamento de Agricultura da Universidade Federal de Lavras, no período e 15 de março a 4 de outubro de 2003. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, sendo os tratamentos dispostos no esquema fatorial 5 x 5, com três tratamentos adicionais e uma planta por parcela. O primeiro fator foi o composto nas doses de 110, 330, 550, 770 e 990g por vaso, misturado com 7dm 3 de solo por vaso e o segundo fator o supermagro pulverizado mensalmente a 0%, 3%, 6%, 12% e 24%. Os tratamentos adicionais consistiram em adubação orgânica, orgânica mais mineral e mineral. As características avaliadas foram altura (cm), diâmetro do colo (mm), número de nós do ramo ortotrópico, número de ramos plagiotrópicos, número de nós dos ramos plagiotrópicos, área foliar (cm 2 ), número de folhas, massa seca das folhas, massa seca da parte aérea e massa seca total, bem como os teores foliares de macro e micronutrientes. Dentre as características avaliadas, houve interação significativa para número de ramos plagiotrópicos, número de nós dos ramos plagiotrópicos, número de folhas, massa seca das folhas, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca total, Mg e B, com o melhor desenvolvimento entre as doses de 702g e 770g de composto por vaso e concentrações de “supermagro” entre 14,45% e 16,38%. Observou-se, com a elevação das doses de composto, aumento dos teores foliares de N, K e Mg, diminuição dos teores de P e Ca, redução da disponibilidade de B, Cu, Fe e Mn com o aumento do pH e eficiência do “supermagro” no fornecimento de Mg, B e Cu.
Organic agriculture is a world tendency, moved by concern as biomass recycling, sustainability and natural resource conservations. There is a market requirement for all agricultural products including coffee. However, scientific research is new and there is great need in key area as in organic system fertilizing. To evaluate planting fertilization with organic compound associated to bio-fertilizer leaf application on growth and coffee (Topázio MG-1190 cultivar) development, one study was established in greenhouse, at Agriculture Dept. of Federal University of Lavras coffee sector, from March 15 to October 4 of 2003. A randomized block design in factorial arrangement (5 x 5 + 3 factors) was used with four replications, using one plant per plot. First factor was organic compound rate/pot (110, 330, 550, 770 and 990g) mixed to 7,0 dm 3 of soil/pot. The second bio-fertilizer “supermagro” monthly leaf applied at 0%, 3%, 6%, 12% and 24% concentration. Additional treatments were, organic fertilizer, organic + mineral and mineral fertilizer on soil application. Plant height, diameter at ground level (mm), stem node number, leaf area (cm 2 ), leaf number, leaf dry weight, aerial part plant dry weight, total plant dry weight, as well as, macro and micronutrient leaf contents. Significant interaction occurred with lateral branch, leaf number, leaf dry weight, aerial part and total plant dry weight, Mg and B nutrient content and the best plant development from 702g to 770g of the compound/pot plus bio-fertilizer application from 14,45% to 16,38%. Increasing the compound rate, occurred N, K and Mg leaf content increasing, decreasing P and Ca leaf content, K/Ca competition reduction, B, Cu, Fe and Mn availability diminutions with increasing pH. Bio-fertilizer use was efficient in Mg, B and Cu as plant supplying.
Organic agriculture is a world tendency, moved by concern as biomass recycling, sustainability and natural resource conservations. There is a market requirement for all agricultural products including coffee. However, scientific research is new and there is great need in key area as in organic system fertilizing. To evaluate planting fertilization with organic compound associated to bio-fertilizer leaf application on growth and coffee (Topázio MG-1190 cultivar) development, one study was established in greenhouse, at Agriculture Dept. of Federal University of Lavras coffee sector, from March 15 to October 4 of 2003. A randomized block design in factorial arrangement (5 x 5 + 3 factors) was used with four replications, using one plant per plot. First factor was organic compound rate/pot (110, 330, 550, 770 and 990g) mixed to 7,0 dm 3 of soil/pot. The second bio-fertilizer “supermagro” monthly leaf applied at 0%, 3%, 6%, 12% and 24% concentration. Additional treatments were, organic fertilizer, organic + mineral and mineral fertilizer on soil application. Plant height, diameter at ground level (mm), stem node number, leaf area (cm 2 ), leaf number, leaf dry weight, aerial part plant dry weight, total plant dry weight, as well as, macro and micronutrient leaf contents. Significant interaction occurred with lateral branch, leaf number, leaf dry weight, aerial part and total plant dry weight, Mg and B nutrient content and the best plant development from 702g to 770g of the compound/pot plus bio-fertilizer application from 14,45% to 16,38%. Increasing the compound rate, occurred N, K and Mg leaf content increasing, decreasing P and Ca leaf content, K/Ca competition reduction, B, Cu, Fe and Mn availability diminutions with increasing pH. Bio-fertilizer use was efficient in Mg, B and Cu as plant supplying.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
Palavras-chave
Café orgânico, Composto orgânico, Biofertilizante
Citação
ARAUJO, J. B. S. Composto orgânico e biofertilizante na nutrição do cafeeiro em formação no sistema orgânico. 2004. 79 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia/Fitotecnia) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras. 2004.