Navegando por Autor "Moraes, Marcos Santana"

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Adaptability and stability of Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner genotypes in the Western Amazon
(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2020) Moraes, Marcos Santana; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Silva, Camila Andrade; Lunz, Aureny Maria Pereira
The development of Coffea canephora cultivars is based on the characterization of genotype × environment interaction, which is interpreted to quantify the differential behavior of clones at different cultivation sites. The objective of this research was to study the genotype x environment interaction aiming to select clones of broad and specific adaptation to different environments of the Western Amazon. Twelve clones with hybrid characteristics of the botanical varieties Conilon and Robusta and four open pollinated clones, had their performance evaluated in comparison with four controls. The genotype × environment interaction was interpreted based on the environmental quality index, the nonparametric estimator of Lin and Binns, 1988 and on the dispersion of the centroid method. Effects of the genotypes, environment, and genotype × environment interaction were all significant (p<0.01). The environmental quality index (Ij) classified three environments as favorable for coffee production. In terms of the Lin and Binn’s estimator (Pi), hybrid genotypes 16, 10, 13, 09 and 14 presented lower Pi indices than others, and were classified as being more stable. Five clones of low adaptability, seven clones of specific adaptability to favorable or unfavorable environments and two clones of broad adaptability to all environments were identified interpreting the dispersion of the centroid method.
Contribution of agronomic traits to the coffee yield of Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner in the western amazon region
(Editora UFLA, 2018-07) Spinelli, Victor Mouzinho; Moraes, Marcos Santana; Alves, Darlan Sanches Barbosa; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Ramalho, André Rostand; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara
The evaluation of morphological characters related to the hulled coffee yield subsidizes the selection of Coffea canephora plants that combine a set of favorable traits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of agronomic traits on the production of hulled coffee to subside the plant selection. To this, nine morphological descriptors were evaluated of 130 clones of the botanical varieties Conilon and Robusta over two crop years in the experimental field of Embrapa, in the municipality of Ouro Preto do Oeste, state of Rondônia (RO). To quantify the genetic variability the path analysis and the Scott Knott cluster test were used. The effect of genotype x year interaction was significant for eight of the nine characteristics analyzed. The genotypes were clustered in three to five classes, subsidizing the establishment of a scale to evaluate the variability of this genetic resource. Pathway analysis indicated that the number of plagiotropic branches and the number of rosettes per productive branch were the traits that exhibited the greatest direct effect on hulled coffee yield. These results show that it is possible to select plants with complementarity traits which favor a higher production of hulled coffee.
Environmental stratification and performance of Coffea canephora clones grown in the Western Amazon
(Editora UFLA, 2021) Moraes, Marcos Santana; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Ferreira, Fábio Medeiros; Souza, Carolina Augusto de; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara
Change in the performance of clones grown in different environments is an important question for Coffea canephora breeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate environmental stratification and the performance of C. canephora clones grown in the Western Amazon. For that purpose, the mean yield of three crop seasons was considered to evaluate the performance of 20 genotypes grown in 6 clonal competition trials in the environments of: E1: Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO, E2: Porto Velho-RO, E3: Ariquemes-RO, E4 and E5: Rio Branco-AC and E6: Alta Floresta do Oeste-RO. The trials were conducted with a plant spacing of 3 m × 1.5 m in a complete block experimental design, with three replications of eight plants per plot. Combined analysis indicated significance of the genotype × environment (G×E) interaction and favorable conditions to obtain gains from selection. Reduction in the dimensionality estimated from climate and soil characteristics indicated that the environments of Porto Velho-RO, Rio Branco-AC and Ariquemes-RO are more similar to each other than the environments of Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO and Alta Floresta-RO of greater natural soil fertility and higher altitude. The AMMI1 biplot shows that genotypes 16, 10, and 13 had the highest mean yields, together with greater stability. In the AMMI2 scatterplot (IPCA1×IPCA2), the environ ments E4 and E5 were clustered in the same sector. Clustering based on the complex fraction of the G×E interaction coincided with the AMMI2 scatterplot that clustered the E4 and E5 environments in a single mega-environment. Except for these environments, all the others clustered as locations of different biotic and abiotic stress conditions. This result shows the importance of maintaining evaluations in these environments, which represent the conditions of the coffee fields in the region.
Robustas amazônicos: novas cultivares híbridas de café canéfora para a Amazônia Ocidental
(Embrapa Café, 2019-10) Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Ramalho, André Rostand; Vieira Junior, José Roberto; Alves, Enrique Anastacio; Ferro, Gilvan de Oliveira; Diocleciano, João Maria; Moraes, Marcos Santana; Lourenço, João Luiz Resende; Teles, Crhistofer Fernandes Rosa
Visando oferecer novas opções para o cultivo e contribuir para aumento da variabilidade genética da cafeicultura na Amazônia Ocidental, a Embrapa Rondônia desenvolveu 10 novas cultivares com alto potencial produtivo e com características agronômicas típicas das variedades botânicas Conilon e Robusta. Esse trabalho é resultado de 16 anos de pesquisa, tendo sido iniciado no ano de 2003, a partir da hibridação controlada entre plantas matrizes das variedades Conilon e Robusta do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da Embrapa. As novas cultivares foram desenvolvidas a partir de cruzamentos entre plantas das variedades botânicas Conilon e Robusta. Os cruzamentos foram realizados no ano de 2003 no campo experimental de Embrapa Rondônia, utilizando matrizes da variedade botânica Robusta (Robustas 2258, 1675, 640) e matriz da variedade botânica Conilon (Encapa 03). No período de 2003 a 2010 essas plantas foram avaliadas em ensaios no município de Ouro Preto do Oeste, e selecionadas para serem avaliadas em diferentes ambientes juntamente com clones provenientes de polinização aberta. As cultivares de polinização aberta BRS 2299 e BRS 2357 foram selecionadas da Cultivar Conilon - BRS Ouro Preto, desenvolvida pela Embrapa no ano de 2013. No período de 2011 a 2018, os genótipos selecionados foram avaliados nos ambientes de Porto Velho, Alta Floresta do Oeste, Ouro Preto do Oeste e Ariquemes no estado de Rondônia e Rio Branco, no estado do Acre. Dos quatro ambientes avaliados, o experimento de Alta Floresta D’Oeste foi o que apresentou melhores condições ambientais para expressão do potencial genético das cultivares. Neste ambiente, a média geral das cultivares, nos três anos de avaliação foi de 93 sacas por hectare, com destaque para as cultivares BRS 1216, BRS 3210 e BRS 2336 que produziram mais de 100 sacas na média dos três anos.