Floresta e Ambiente
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/13310
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Mitigation of climate change of coffee production systems in Cundinamarca, Colombia(Instituto de Florestas da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2019) Andrade, Hernán J.; Zapata, Piedad C.Production systems with woody perennial plants, ideally timber trees, are technologies accepted in carbon (C) projects to mitigate climate change. This research had as purpose the estimation of C storage and fixation in coffee production systems in Cundinamarca, Colombia. Carbon in biomass, necromass and soil were estimated in coffee plantations with three different shade levels (low, medium and high) in three municipalities using IPCC’s recommendations. Soil stored 75% of the total C (93.9 to 137.7 Mg C ha–1 in the upper 30 cm), followed by trees (19%). Carbon increases with a rise in shade (55.8 vs 42.0 vs 23.0 Mg C ha–1 for high, medium and low shade, respectively). These coffee plantations fixed a mean of 2.3 Mg C ha–1 year–1, with a maximum value of ~7.1 Mg CO2 ha–1 year–1 under a shade of 30% to 40%. Coffee plantations, especially with high shade, have a high potential of C fixation and mitigate climate change.Item Structure of AMF community in an agroforestry system of coffee and macauba palm(Instituto de Florestas da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2021) Prates Júnior, Paulo; Moreira, Sandro Lucio Silva; Jordão, Thuany Cerqueira; Ngolo, Aristides Osvaldo; Moreira, Bruno Coutinho; Santos, Ricardo Henrique Silva; Fernandes, Raphael Bragança Alves; Kasuya, Maria Catarina MegumiCoffee crop in Brazil is typically grown as a monoculture. However, we hypothesized that agroforestry system is favorable association for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), affecting its community structure and potentially impacting crop productivity and agroecosystem health. This study evaluated how the microclimate, soil depth, macauba field spacing and distance between coffee plants and palms affect the structure of the AMF community. The structure of the AMF community was influenced by the soil depth, microclimate features, soil moisture, maximum air temperature, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). The distance at which coffee-macauba influences ecological diversity indices of AMF, and higher diversity are related to the proximity between plants. AMF diversity (Richness and Shannon) in the agroforestry system exceeded that observed in the full-sun coffee in the 0-20 soil depth layer. Our results showed that the microclimate, soil depth, plant density, and distance between coffee from macauba affected the AMF community structure.Item Soil macrofauna and edaphic properties in coffee production systems in southern Colombia(Instituto de Florestas da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2019) Suárez, Leonardo Rodríguez; Pinto, Sandra Patricia Cuarán; Salazar, Juan Carlos SuárezThe objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of the soil macrofauna in coffee production systems, as well as their relationship with edaphic properties. Therefore, two coffee production systems were selected: coffee plantations at full-sun with conventional management (Intensive) and shaded coffee plantations with organic management (Traditional). In each crop system, three soil samples were collected randomly, in the form of blocks (25 × 25 cm), to a soil depth of 10 cm. In total, 17,109 individuals were recorded in this study being the Oligochaeta group the most representative, regardless of the coffee production system. The average density of soil macrofauna was higher in traditional coffee plantations (p < 0.05) due to the higher density of Oligochaeta, Diplopoda and Blattodea. The traditional coffee plantations provided a better soil chemical fertility reflected in the principal component analysis. Furthermore, these Chemical attributes probably could affect the occurrence of the soil macrofauna groups.Item Adaptation to climate change in coffee production systems in Tolima(Instituto de Florestas da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2019) Canal-Daza, Diana; Andrade-Castañeda, HernánIt was estimated the climate change adaptation of the main coffee production systems in Líbano, Tolima, Colombia, using diversity indicators. Three production systems were selected: agroforestry systems (AFS) with Cordia alliodora, AFS with plantain and in monoculture, with four replications, locating five sampling units to collect and identify the ant genera as diversity and adaptation indicators. The richness index of Margalef detected between systems (1.3 vs 0.6 vs 0.6 for AFS with C. alliodora, monoculure and AFS with plantain, respectively). The genera Cephalotes, Dorymyrmex, Hypoponera, Pachycondyla, Octostruma and Proceratium, which require abundant biomass and litter, were registered just in AFS with C. alliodora, coinciding with the depth of this layer. The AFS with C. alliodora present advantages due they improve conditions for the conservation of several groups of ants, which are indicators of diversity and climate change adaptation.