Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
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Item Development of Adsorbent Materials Using Residue from Coffee Industry and Application in Food dye Adsorption Processes(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2022-11-11) Castro, Luiz Eduardo Nochi de; Battocchio, Débora Alessandra Jones; Ribeiro, Leomara Floriano; Colpini, Leda Maria SaragiottoThe aim of this study was to develop an adsorbent from coffee husk, residue from the coffee industry by different activation methods and to evaluate its application in the treatment of effluent containing synthetic Ponceau 4R dye. The activations were with phosphoric acid and zinc chloride, then the samples were characterized in terms of physical and chemical composition, structure and morphology, thermal behavior and kinetic and thermodynamic study. Regarding the characterization of the material, the activation with phosphoric acid showed porous morphology and a high surface area (429.7 m2 g-1) and with the kinetic study it was possible to obtain an equilibrium time of 60 min and dispersion according to Elovich kinetics (R2 = 0.96 and RMSE < 0.24). According to the experimental design, the adsorptive capacity can be evaluated with the significant result (qe = 19.87 mg g-1) under the conditions of 90 min of the adsorption process and at the concentration of 2 g L-1 of adsorbent. In relation to the equilibrium study the Langmuir model fit the data with coefficient of determination of R2 = 0.84. Finally, the Ponceau 4R dye adsorption process using coffee husks as an activated carbon was thermodynamically favorable through the negative Gibbs free energy and positive entropy (+0.022 kJ mol-1 K-1). Therefore, the use of coffee husk as activated carbon proved to be a favorable material for Ponceau 4R dye adsorption.Item Characterization of the biomass of a hybrid anaerobic reactor (HAR) with two types of support material during the treatment of the coffee wastewater(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2013-05) Silva, Vivian Galdino da; Campos, Cláudio Milton Montenegro; Pereira, Erlon Lopes; Silva, Júlia Ferreira daThis study investigated the microbiology of a hybrid anaerobic reactor (HAR) in the removal of pollutant loads. This reactor had the same physical structure of an UASB reactor, however with minifilters inside containing two types of support material: expanded clay and gravel. Two hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 24h and 18h were evaluated at steady-state conditions, resulting in organic loading rates (OLR) of 0.032 and 0.018 kgDBO 5 m -3 d -1 and biological organic loading rates (BOLR) of 0,0015 and 0.001 kgDBO 5 kgSVT -1 d -1 , respectively. The decrease in concentration of organic matter in the influent resulted an endogenous state of the biomass in the reactor. The expanded clay was the best support material for biofilm attachment.Item Production, composition, fatty acids profile and stability of milk and blood composition of dairy cows fed high polyunsaturated fatty acids diets and sticky coffee hull(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2014-07) Santos, Geraldo Tadeu dos; Schogor, Ana Luiza Bachmann; Romero, Jakeline Vieira; Lima, Luciano Soares de; Pintro, Paula Toshimi Matumoto-; Grande, Paula Adriana; Kazama, Daniele Cristina da Silva; Santos, Fabio Seiji dosFour lactating Holstein cows were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square design to determine the effects of feeding sticky coffee hull (SCH) as a source of antioxidants on dairy cows fed with high PUFA diets. The treatments (on DM basis) were control diet, diet with 30 g/kg of soybean oil, diet with 30 g/kg of soybean oil and 100 g/kg of SCH, and diet with 30 g/kg of soybean oil and 150 g/kg of SCH. Inclusion of 150 g/kg of SCH decreased the crude protein digestibility. Lower values of NDF digestibility were also observed when cows were fed with 100 g/kg and 150g/kg of SCH. The digestibility of NDT was lower in the control and 150 g/kg of SCH diets. Milk production and composition did not differ among the treatments. Inclusion of SCH increased the total polyphenols and flavonoids in the milk and reducing power as well. Soybean oil and SCH supplementation increased the LDL and total cholesterol concentration in the plasma. Milk fatty acid profile was barely altered by the treatments. In conclusion, the results confirmed that SCH added up to 15% in the diet did not alter milk production, improved its stability, and incorporated antioxidants substances in the milk, improving its quality for human health.Item Dietary utilisation of protein and energy from fresh and ensiled coffee pulp by the nile tilapia, oreochromis niloticus(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2003-03) Moreau, Yann; Arredondo, Jose-Luis; Gaime, Isabelle Perraud; Roussos, SevastianosDietary protein and energy utilisation of diets containing fresh and ensiled coffee pulp were studied on 3.2 ± 0.2 g Nile tilapia for 28 days. Diets formulation and feeding were designed on the basis of daily dietary protein and energy allowance. A control diet A (100 % protein and 100 % energy allowance) corresponding to 15 g CP kg -1 day -1 and 750 kJ kg -1 day -1 , a low protein control diet B (80 % protein and 100 % energy allowance), two diets C and E (100 % protein and 100 % energy allowance) where 20 % of protein were supplied by coffee pulp, and two diets D and F with the same amount of coffee pulp than in C and E and supplementation in non-protein energy. Inclusion of coffee pulp in the diet strongly impaired growth and feed utilisation. Silage process improved overall feed utilisation comparing to fresh coffee pulp. Results showed that fresh or ensiled coffee pulp was not a suitable feedstuff for Nile tilapia. However, better knowledge on modification occurring during silage process could allow finding the way to significantly improve nutritive value of coffee pulp by-products.Item Production of Flammulina velutipes on coffee husk and coffee spent-ground(Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar, 2001-06) Leifa, Fan; Pandey, Ashok; Soccol, Carlos R.Solid state cultivation (SSC) was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of using coffee husk and spent-ground as substrates for the production of edible mushroom Flammulina under different conditions of moisture and spawn rate. The strain of F. velutipes LPB 01 was adapted for a coffee husk extract medium. Best results were obtained with 25% spawn rate, though there was not much difference when lower spawn rates (10-20%) were used. Ideal moisture content for mycelial growth was 60% and 55% for coffee husk and spent-ground, respectively. With coffee husk as substrate, first fructification occurred after 25 days of inoculation and the biological efficiency reached about 56% with two flushes after 40 days. With spent-ground as substrate, first fructification occurred 21 days after inoculation and the biological efficiency reached about 78% in 40 days. There was decrease in the caffeine and tannins contents (10.2 and 20.4%, respectively) in coffee husk after 40 days. In coffee spent-ground, the tannin contents decreased by 28% after 40 days. These decrease was attributed to the degradation of caffeine or tannins by the culture because these were not adsorbed in the fungal mycelia. Results showed the feasibility of using coffee husk and coffee spent-ground as substrate without any nutritional supplementation for cultivation of edible fungus in SSC. Spent ground appeared better than coffee husk.