Coffee Science - v.13, n.2, 2018
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/10544
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Item Chemical control of Conyza canadensis (L.), in mixtures of herbicides with glyphosate in coffee crop(Editora UFLA, 2018-04) Silva, Carlos Alberto da; Miranda, Gustavo Rabelo Botrel; Alves, Alberto Donizete; Goulart, Roseli dos ReisThe plants invasion of Conyza genus has occurred in several regions in Brazil and in the world, due to the selection caused by the continuous use of herbicides with the same active, causing losses in production. This work aims to evaluate the association of herbicides in the control of C. canadensis. The trial was carried out on a farm, in MG, in a Mundo Novo coffee plantation, in a randomized block design (RBD), with 7 treatments and 4 replications, totalizing 28 plots. The treatments were composed by CTU (no application), Glyphosate 1440g i.a ha-1, Glyphosate 1440g i.a ha-1 + Ethyl Chlorimuron 25g i.a ha-1, Glyphosate 1440g i.a ha-1 + Methyl Metsulfuron 6g i.a ha-1, Glyphosate 1440g i.a ha-1 + Flumioxazine 100g i.a ha-1, Glyphosate 1440g i.a ha-1 + Ethyl Carfentrazone 32g i.a ha-1, Glyphosate 1440g i.a ha-1 + Saflufenacil 56g i.a ha-1. In all treatments, non-ionic Dash adjuvant was used in the proportion of 1% of the application volume. Ten evaluations were carried out using the scores criterion, where 1 means efficiency between 0 and 20%; 2 from 21 to 40%; 3 from 41 to 60%; 4 from 61 to 80%; 5 from 81 and 100%. It is concluded the treatment Glyphosate 1440g i.a ha-1 + Saflufenacil 56g i.a ha-1 presented superior results from the first evaluation, evolving until the conclusion of this experiment.Item Conductivity to rust in coffee under different wooden and fruit tree intercropping systems(Editora UFLA, 2018-04) Chalfoun, Sara Maria; Martins, Carla de Pádua; Matos, Christiano Sousa Machado; Pereira, Alessandro Botelho; Silva, Vicentina NazaréThe coffee intercropping with fruit and wooden species of economic value has been presented as a viable alternative for coffee cultivation in order to mitigate adverse environmental conditions for coffee trees, among other factors. Adapting the crop management to the new conditions stablished by the system is fundamental to obtain success on intercropping. One of the most serious diseases for the crop is the rust caused by Hemileia vastatrix., which may have its severity increased in function of the microclimate conditions provided by the trees. In this sense, the disease behavior under different intercropping systems and consequent different need to adapt the control measures when compared to the cultivation in full sun should be investigated. The present study was conducted aimed to verify the impact of tree systems composed by three wooden species, Cedar (Acrocarpos fraxinifolius), African mahogany (Khaya ivorensis ), Teak (Tectona grandis ) and two species of fruit trees, avocado (Persea Americana) and macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) planted in different spacing over the occurrence and evolution of rust.It was possible to observe that coffee rust began to progress in the coffee plants from the month of February reaching a peak in September in all the treatments. Differences were observed in the progress curves of the disease, especially in the species that presented larger canopy such as avocado. Further studies are suggested with the purpose of establishing the microclimatic changes provided by the cultivation of different wooden and fruit species in intercropping with coffee, according to the dynamics of the climate and their development.Item Interaction of K and B in the intensity of coffee rust in nutrient solution(Editora UFLA, 2018-04) Vasco, Gabriel Brandão; Pozza, Edson Ampélio; Silva, Marília Goulart da; Pozza, Adélia Aziz Alexandre; Chaves, EugênioThis study aimed at assessing the interaction of potassium (K) and boron (B) in the coffee rust intensity in a nutrient solution. The experiment which was performed in a greenhouse was set up in the randomized complete block design (DBC) with four replicates. The experimental unit involved a single vase with two Catuaí Vermelho (IAC 144) cultivars. The treatments included five doses of boron (0.05, 0.50, 1, 2 and 4 mg L-1 ) and five of potassium (4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0 and 8.0 mmol L-1 ), totaling to 25 treatments in a factorial variance analysis. All the coffee seedling leaves were inoculated with Hemileia vastatrix. For the next 24 hours, the vases were covered with a black plastic bag, and left in the greenhouse to ensure favorable conditions for the fungal infection. A significant interaction was observed between the potassium (K) and boron (B) nutrients in coffee rust intensity. As the boron dose increased from 0.05 to 2.0 mg L-1 , the coffee rust intensity was observed to rise. From the 0.50 mg L-1 dose of B a drastic drop in the dry plant mass was observed, which reached zero index at the highest boron dose due to phytotoxicity.Item The profile of small coffee producers in the south of Minas Gerais, Brazil(Editora UFLA, 2018-04) Corsini, Wanêssa Tavares Campos; Corsini, Fábio dos Santos; Naves, Luciana de Paula; Angelocci, Marina Ariente; Paiva, Leandro Carlos; Putti, Fernando FerrariHighly appreciated by all people worldwide, coffee is a commodity with great economical weight in Brazil. While underscoring analyses on coffee production by the scientific community, current assay deals with the profile of coffee producers in the rural regions of the towns Machado, Poço Fundo and others in the south of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Field work with 225 small producers of the region comprised questionnaires which were analyzed and grouped statistically in discriminating clusters. The correlation of variables was assessed by Pearson ́s methodology. Results show that schooling level had a positive correlation with regard to the adequate use of fertilizers and insecticides. Higher schooling level provided greater knowledge on normalizations and correct soil management.Item Sensory profile of brazilian coffees based on consumer perception as an alternative to the conventional methods(Editora UFLA, 2018-04) Alcantara, Marcela de; Freitas-Sá, Daniela De Grandi CastroConsumer-based methodologies for sensory characterization of foods have been widely discussed and are satisfactory, when compared to the results of trained panelists. However their efficiency in the description of complex foods rich in sensory attributes (flavor and aroma) such as coffee still needs to be explored. Polarized sensory positioning (PSP) is an innovative methodology for sensory characterization, based on the comparison of samples with reference products. In this study, roasted and ground coffees with different quality ratings according to the Coffee Quality Program (PQC) of the Brazilian Coffee Industry Association (ABIC) – Traditional, Superior and Gourmet – were evaluated by this method, applied to consumers. The beverage was presented to 100 consumers, who quantified the degree of global difference between the samples and the chosen references, using unstructured scales, followed by the verbal description of the sensory characteristics perceived in each sample evaluated. The samples were described for 30 attributes related to visual appearance, aroma, flavor, texture and hedonic terms. The method presented a good discriminative capacity, since it was able to differentiate the samples according to the PQC classification. In addition it allowed to identify the main sensory characteristics responsible for similarities and differences between the samples. The results indicate that consumers were able to infer about a quality classification based on their own perception and vocabulary, and the Brazilian traditional coffee was considered inferior to specialty coffees increasingly available in the market.Item Characterization of resistance response of Coffea canephora genotypes to Meloidogyne incognita (Est I2) root-knot nematode(Editora UFLA, 2018-04) Santos, Anderson Vieira; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Silveira, Silvaldo Felipe da; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Matos, Sara Inácia de; Vieira Júnior, José RobertoMeloidogynose is prominent among the factors that limit yield in C. canephora in the western Amazon, Brazil. It is caused by species of “root-knot nematode”; the most important and aggressive of these species for coffee is M. incognita. The aim of this study was to assist the selection of resistant genotypes by characterizing the reaction of 32 C. canephora clones to M. incognita (Est I2). These genotypes are selected plants from the Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Rondônia of the botanical varieties Conilon, Robusta and intervarietal hybrids. The experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions by inoculating six seedlings for each clone with 10 ml of suspension containing 5000 eggs of a pure inoculum of M. incognita. At 150 days after inoculation, evaluations were made of fresh weight of roots (FWR), total number of galls (NG), total number of eggs (NE), and the nematode reproduction factor (RF=final population/initial population). In contrast with the susceptible controls of arabica coffee (RF=1.2) and tomato plants (RF=31.3), six clones of the Conilon botanical variety, five clones of the Robusta botanical variety and eight intervarietal hybrids reacted as resistant to M. incognita, exhibiting RF<1 and a reduced number of galls (NG mean = <10). The clones identified as resistant in this study were integrated in the coffee breeding program in Rondônia for development of cultivars resistant to the root-knot nematode adapted to tropical conditions.Item Characterization of beverage quality in Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner(Editora UFLA, 2018-04) Souza, Carolina Augusto de; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Alves, Enrique Anastácio; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Dalazen, Janderson Rodrigues; Fonseca, Aymbiré Francisco Almeida daDifferentiation of coffee according to its quality can result in added value. Both the coffee genotype and the environment influence beverage quality. The main species grown in the Amazon region is C. canephora, which includes two distinct botanical varieties: Conilon and Robusta. The aim of this study was to characterize beverage quality in C. canephora and distinguish the Conilon and Robusta botanical varieties and intervarietal hybrids. We evaluated the beverage quality of 130 superior clones from samples of hulled coffee collected in the experimental field of Embrapa Rondônia in the municipality of Ouro Preto do Oeste, RO, Brazil. The beverage was classified according to the Robusta Cupping Protocols, which also considers the nuances of the beverage, described as neutral, fruit-like, exotic, refined, and mild. The final mean values classified the Robusta botanical variety and the intervarietal hybrids as coffees with a premium beverage, and the Conilon botanical variety as usual good quality. The nuances of the Conilon botanical variety were found to be predominantly neutral (78%), as compared to the Robusta botanical variety and the intervarietal hybrids, which exhibited 50% and 44% of their beverages, respectively, with fruit-like, exotic, or mild nuances. The genetic parameters indicate that the genetic component was more important than the environmental in expression of coffee quality attributes. Genetic variability was observed in the population evaluated, except for the Uniform Cup and Clean Cup beverage attributes.Item Does sulphur expel the coffee berry borer from Coffea arabica L. fruits?(Editora UFLA, 2018-04) Endo, Ricardo Tsuyoshi; Davi Junior, Salmo de Melo; Silva, Rafael Vinhal; Fernandes, Maria Elisa de Sena; Pereira, Renata Cunha; Teixeira, Adélio Barbosa; Fernandes, Flávio LemesTechnicians and insecticide retailers recommend adding sulfur to the insecticide mixture to expel coffee borer females (Hypothenemus hampei ) from the fruit. The objective in this study was to verify if sulfur expels the coffee borer from the fruit and what the cost associated with the use of sulfur in the insecticide mixture is. Perforated fruits were collected from coffee crops (Red Catuaí, IAC 144) during the granulation phase for the experiments and divided into two lots. The first lot was used to verify the effectiveness of sulfur to expel the borer, and the second to evaluate the effect of temperature x sulfur source x expelling effect on the borer. Sources of sulfur tested were: SK30 and Kumulus DF. The first experiment was the treatments: sulfur sources (two + control without sulfur), two plastic containers (open and closed), five repetitions (factorial: 3 x 2). The second were the treatments: sulfur sources, plastic containers and under two temperatures, factorial 3x2x2. The number of adult females that left the fruits within 24 and 48 h was evaluated. There was no difference in the number of females that abandoned the fruits between treatments with sulfur and control (P> 0.05). It was concluded that sulfur does not expel H. hampei from C. arabica fruits.Item Adaptation of progenies/cultivars of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.) in mountainous edafoclimatic conditions(Editora UFLA, 2018-04) Krohling, Cesar Abel; Matiello, José Braz; Almeida, Saulo Roque de; Eutrópio, Frederico Jacob; Carvalho, Carlos Henrique de SiqueiraBrazil is known for production and worldwide export of coffees. Study of adaptation of new progenies/cultivars of Arabica coffee (C. arabica L.) with resistance to rust in mountainous edaphoclimatic conditions is important for crop renewal and also for new plantations. This study was performed in the mountainous region of the Espírito Santo state, Brazil, with 30 progenies/cultivars of Arabica coffee planted at 2.5 x 0.7 m spacing with four replicates and seven plants/plot. The objective of the study was to evaluate the adaptation of rust-resistance coffee genotypes and compare them with the standard cultivars (Yellow and Red Catuaís), with regards to the characteristics of productivity, rust infection, productivity, sieve, aspect, plant vigor and yield according to the different maturity periods of the fruits. The results show that there are progenies/cultivars available with yields superior to Red and Yellow Catuais for the five different maturation periods. The progenies/cultivars present tolerance/resistance to rust, high plant vigor and good agronomic characteristics of the beans. These are options for new plantations or for renovation of crops for high harvest yield and do not required the use of pesticides.Item Profile of organic acids and bioactive compounds in the sensory quality discrimination of arabica coffee(Editora UFLA, 2018-04) Ribeiro, Diego Egídio; Borém, Flávio Meira; Nunes, Cleiton Antônio; Alves, Ana Paula de Carvalho; Santos, Claudia Mendes dos; Taveira, José Henrique da Silva; Dias, Laryanne Lopes de CarvalhoThis study was conducted to investigate the potential of organic acids and bioactive compounds present in rawbeans to differentiate the sensory quality of coffee from different genotypes and processing methods. During the 2010, 2011 and 2012 crop seasons, beverage quality was analyzed, as well as the profile of organic acids and bioactive compounds caffeine, trigonelline and chlorogenic acids (3,4 and 5-CQA) in raw coffee beans from genotypes Bourbon Amarelo and Acaiá. The samples were collected in commercial fields with altitudes ranging from 932 to 1391 m, in the municipality of Carmo de Minas, MG, Brazil. Two processing methods were adopted: dry process (natural) and wet process (mechanically pulped and demucilaged coffee). All harvest and post-harvest procedures were carried out according to the main technologies for the production of specialty coffees. The sensory analysis was performed using the methodology proposed by the Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA). Chemical analyses were performed by High performance liquid chromatography. Data were investigated using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The variations in the contents of organic acids and bioactive compounds were due to the coffee processing method. For genotypes Bourbon Amarelo and Acaiá, the differences in the organic acid profile, associated with caffeine, trigonelline and chlorogenic acids (3,4 and 5-CQA), were essential to differentiate the quality of mechanically pulped and demucilaged coffee. No significant differences were observed in the sensory quality of natural coffee due to the analysis of organic acids and bioactive compounds