Revista Ambiente & Água
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/13311
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Indirect caffeine modeling in an urban river(Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas, 2022-04-15) Peixoto, Luis Otávio Miranda; Marques, Luana Mayumi Takahasi; Mizukawa, Alinne; Azevedo, Julio Cesar Rodrigues deCaffeine is used worldwide as a chemical tracer to identify anthropic pressures on urban water resources. Nevertheless, its quantification demands great financial investments. This research created a model that would indirectly determine a range of possible caffeine concentrations along an urban river, without the need for extensive laboratory work. The model is based on Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA), which can correlate two sets of different-sized independent and dependent variables in order to generate a single empirical equation. This equation takes as input the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and orthophosphate, as well as the total population and the population inhabiting irregular housing areas. From the model’s results, it was possible to elaborate a spectrum of possible concentrations of caffeine along the Atuba River (Curitiba-Brazil). The tendency of water quality degradation of this river was also predicted. This model could become a useful preliminary analysis for water resource managers and researchers alike.Item Evaluation of effluent post-treatment by slow filtration and adsorption with activated carbon produced from spent coffee grounds in surfactant removal in sewage treatment(Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas, 2022-03-07) Ribeiro, Marcelo Pinheiro; Botari, AlexandreEnvironmental pollution is a worldwide concern, especially when caused by sewage dumping into water bodies. Many substances are present in industrial or domestic wastewater, causing contamination in superficial water collection. Surfactants stand out for being widely used both industrially and domestically. The use of detergents and many types of surfactants was increased during the Covid-19 pandemic period, a fact observed in the levels in the effluent sample analysis from a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) - Vila City around 21 and 39 mg L-1 in this period. This work evaluated the surfactant concentrations in the primary and secondary treatment units of the Vila City STP, in the city of Paranavaí-PR.-Brazil. In addition, the use of a post-treatment by slow sand filtration and adsorption by activated carbon produced from spent coffee grounds in the complementary removal of surfactants was proposed. A mixed bed with sand and activated carbon columns was made on a pilot scale, and filtration/adsorption runs were performed simulating slow filtration with rates of approximately 15 m3 m-2 day-1. The parameters used for the efficiency removal evaluation in a pilot plant run were: turbidity (NTU) and surfactant concentrations. The removal of surfactant concentrations was about 9% and 7% in the Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed reactors (UASB-RALF) and in the secondary treatment, respectively, at the STP - Vila City units. In the post-treatment proposed by filtration/adsorption, bed columns on a pilot scale plant obtained a reduction of approximately 94% in terms of turbidity (NTU) and 95% in terms of surfactant removal.Item Kinetic parameters of biomass growth in a UASB reactor treating wastewater from coffee wet processing (WCWP)(Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas, 2014) Campos, Claudio Milton Montenegro; Prado, Marco Antonio Calil; Pereira, Erlon LopesThis study evaluated the treatment of wastewater from coffee wet processing (WCWP) in an anaerobic treatment system at a laboratory scale. The system included an acidification/equalization tank (AET), a heat exchanger, an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor (UASB), a gas equalization device and a gas meter. The minimum and maximum flow rates and volumetric organic loadings rate (VOLR) were 0.004 to 0.037 m3 d-1 and 0.14 to 20.29 kgCOD m-3 d-1, respectively. The kinetic parameters measured during the anaerobic biodegradation of the WCWP, with a minimal concentration of phenolic compounds of 50 mg L-¹, were: Y = 0.37 mgTVS (mgCODremoved)-1, Kd = 0.0075 d-1, Ks = 1.504mg L-1, μmax = 0.2 d-1. The profile of sludge in the reactor showed total solids (TS) values from 22,296 to 55,895 mg L-1 and TVS 11,853 to 41,509 mg L-1, demonstrating a gradual increase of biomass in the reactor during the treatment, even in the presence of phenolic compounds in the concentration already mentioned.Item Use of organic fertilization with irrigation in coffee production in brazilian cerrado(Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas, 2020) Fernandes, André Luís Teixeira; Fraga Júnior, Eusímio Felisbino; Santana, Márcio José de; Silva, Reginaldo de Oliveira; Dias, Marcelo MoreiraCoffee irrigation has increased in the main Brazilian coffee regions. However, in recent years, with climate change, years with water deficits greater than 150 mm have been observed, affecting the vegetative and productive development of the crop and also the replenishment of surface and underground springs. One practice that increases soil water retention capacity is organic fertilization. This work evaluated different combinations of irrigation and organic fertilization on the yield and quality of coffee produced in the Minas Gerais cerrado region. The treatments were: T1: total irrigation; T2: no irrigation; T3: total irrigation + organic fertilization (chicken manure, 10 ton ha-1); T4: no irrigation + organic fertilization (chicken manure, 10 ton ha-1); T5: 50% irrigation + organic fertilization (chicken manure, 10 ton ha-1). After 7 harvests, it was concluded that the treatment that combined organic fertilization with application of half of the necessary irrigation presented the best yield, superior to the treatment with total irrigation and exclusively mineral nutrition.Item Distribuição espacial do efluxo de CO2 em área de terra preta arqueológica sob cultivo de cacau e café no município de Apuí, AM, Brasil(Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas, 2016) Campos, Milton Cesar Costa; Alho, Leandro Coutinho; Silva, Diogo André Pinheiro da; Soares, Marcelo Dayron Rodrigues; Cunha, José Mauricio da; Silva, Douglas Marcelo Pinheiro daAs Terras Pretas Arqueológicas (TPA) são solos que podem concentrar até seis vezes mais carbono orgânico que solos adjacentes sem horizonte A antrópico, presumindo-se, dessa forma, maior efluxo de CO2 nesses solos. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a distribuição espacial do efluxo de CO2, temperatura e umidade do solo em área de Terra Preta Arqueológica sob cultivo de cacau e café no município de Apuí, AM, Brasil. Foram construídas malhas amostrais nas dimensões 42 x 80 m, com espaço entre os pontos de 8 x 10 m e 6 x 10 m para as áreas de cacau e café, respectivamente. Após a etapa de coleta dos dados do efluxo de CO2, temperatura e umidade do solo, procedeu-se a análise estatística descritiva e geoestatística. Os resultados mostraram que os parâmetros avaliados apresentam dependência espacial, com alcance variando de 25 a 40 m para o efluxo de CO2 da área TPA com cacau. O efluxo de CO2 na área de cacau foi superior, com valor médio de 5,49 μmol m-2 s-1, comparado ao 3,99 μmol m-2 s-1 de CO2 da área com café.Item Occurrence of pesticides from coffee crops in surface water(Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas, 2013) Soares, Alexandra Fátima Saraiva; Leão, Mônica Maria Diniz; Faria, Vanessa Heloisa Ferreira de; Costa, Márcia Cassimira Marcos da; Moura, Ana Clara Mourão; Ramos, Vladimir Diniz Vieira; Vianna Neto, Márcio Ribeiro; Costa, Elizângela Pinheiro daThe excessive amount of pesticides applied in agricultural areas may reach surface water, thereby contaminating it. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of pesticides used in a sub-basin headwater with coffee crops, situated in the Dom Corrêa district, Manhuaçu, Minas Gerais. The region of study is a great producer of coffee. Crops occupy steep areas and are situated close to surface water bodies. In this study, four sample collection points were selected in streams as well as a point in the distribution network and two points in the water treatment station (raw and treated water) a total of seven points. The samples were collected in rainy and dry seasons. Organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and triazoles pesticides were identified by liquid and gas chromatography analysis with tandem mass spectrometry. The occurrence of pesticides was more evident in the rainy season. A total of 24 distinct pesticides were detected. At least one pesticide was identified in 67% of the samples collected during the rainy season and in 21% of the samples collected during drought. Many pesticides detected in water are not regulated in Brazilian legislation regarding potability.